Term
| Muscles only ____, never push |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skeletal muscles work ________ or in __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As muscles shorten, the insertion generally moves ______ the origin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do primer movers do? |
|
Definition
| major force for specific movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oppose/reverse a movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-add force to movement
-reduce unnecessary movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| synergists that immobilize a bone |
|
|
Term
| The epicranius consists of _________, ___________, & g_____ a__________ |
|
Definition
-frontalis
-occipitalis
-galea aponeurotica
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin of brows & root of nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
raise eyebrows
wrinkles forehead |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Facial Nerve (cranial VII) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-occipital
-temporal bones |
|
|
Term
| occipital belly insertion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-fixes aponeurosis
-pulls scalp posteriorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facial nerve (cranial VII) |
|
|
Term
| How many muscles are involved in lifting brows, flaring nostirls, blinking, opening and closing the mouth & smiling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are facial muscles innervated by? |
|
Definition
| cranial VII ---> facial nerve |
|
|
Term
| Orbicularis Oculi origin? |
|
Definition
-frontal
-maxillary bones
-ligaments around orbit |
|
|
Term
| orbicularis oculi insertion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| orbicularis oculi action? |
|
Definition
-protects eye from bright light
-blinking
-squinting
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facial nerve (cranial VII) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facial nerve (cranial VII) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -skin and muscle @ cornerof mouth |
|
|
Term
| levator labii superioris origin |
|
Definition
-zygomatic bone
-margin of maxilla |
|
|
Term
| levator labii superioris insertion |
|
Definition
-skin
-muscle of upper lip |
|
|
Term
| levator labii superioris nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| depressor labii inferioris origin? |
|
Definition
-body of mandible
-midline |
|
|
Term
| depressor labii inferioris insertion? |
|
Definition
-skin
muscle of lower lip |
|
|
Term
| depressor anguli oris origin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| depressor anguli oris origin |
|
Definition
body of mandible
skin & lower lip muscle |
|
|
Term
| depressor anguli oris insertion |
|
Definition
-skin
-muscle @ angle of mouth |
|
|
Term
| depressor anguli oris nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| depressor anguli oris action? |
|
Definition
| tragedy mask like in theatres |
|
|
Term
| orbicular oris origin, insertion, action and nerve |
|
Definition
O: maxilla & mandible.
I: encircles mouth, inserts into muscle, skin at angle of mouth
A: closes lips, kissing
N: facial |
|
|
Term
| buccinator origin, insertion, action and nerve |
|
Definition
O: molar region of maxilla and mandible
I: orbicular oris
A: whistling, sucking, holds food while chewing
N: facial (cranial VII) |
|
|
Term
| platysma (unpaired) origin, insertion, action and nerve |
|
Definition
O: chest
I: lower mandible, skin & muscle at mouth corners
A: tense skin of neck (during shaving)
N: facial |
|
|
Term
| What are the four pairs of muscles in mastication (chewing your food)? |
|
Definition
-temporalis & masseter (prime mover)
-2 pterygoids (grinding movement) |
|
|
Term
| What are the four pairs of muscles involved in mastication INNERVATED by? |
|
Definition
| cranial nerve V (trigeminal) |
|
|
Term
| three major tongue muscles? |
|
Definition
-genoioglossus
-styloglossus
-hypoglossus |
|
|
Term
| what nerve are the three major tongue muscles anchored by? |
|
Definition
| hypoGLOSSAL nerve (cranial XII) |
|
|
Term
| Genioglossus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: internal mandible near symphysis
I: inferior tongue and hyoid bone
A: protudes tongue
N: hypoglossal nerve (cranial XII) |
|
|
Term
| what 4 deep throat muscles do? |
|
Definition
-form oral cavity floor
-anchor tongue
-elevate hyoid
-move larynx |
|
|
Term
| what is the major head flexor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lateral head movements are accomplished by the ____________________ & ______ muscles |
|
Definition
| sternocleidomastoid & scalene |
|
|
Term
| head extension is accomplished by deep ________ muscles and aided by superficial __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sternocleidomastoid origin, insertion, action and nerve |
|
Definition
O: sternum, clavicle
I: mastoid process or temporal bone, occipital bone
A: head flexion
N: acessory nerve (XI) |
|
|
Term
| scalenes origin, insertion, action and nerve |
|
Definition
O- cervical vertebrae
I- first 2 ribs
A: elevate first 2 ribs, flex/rotate neck
N: cervical spinal nerve |
|
|
Term
| splenius origin, insertion, action and nerve |
|
Definition
O: ligamentum nuchae, spinous process
I: mastoid process of temporal, tranverse process or vertebrae (C2-C4)
A: extend of hyperextend head
N: cervical spinal nerve |
|
|
Term
| What is the prime mover of back extension? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| erectorspinae or sacrospinalis consist of: _____________, ___________, & ________ |
|
Definition
| iliocostalis, longissimuss and spinalis |
|
|
Term
| erectorspinae/sacrospinalis action |
|
Definition
| resistance to bending forward and return to erect postion |
|
|
Term
| what is the primary function of deep thoracic muscles? |
|
Definition
| promote movement for breathing |
|
|
Term
| external intercostals superficial |
|
Definition
-increases throacic volume to allow inspiration
-lifts rib cage |
|
|
Term
| what are internal intercoatals? |
|
Definition
-deeer layer
-forced expiration |
|
|
Term
| most important muscle in inspiration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| external intercostals (11 pairs, fibers run oblique) origin, insertion, action and nerve |
|
Definition
O: inferior border of rib above
I: superior border of rib below
A: helps inspiration, move ribs toward eachother
N: intercostal nerve |
|
|
Term
| internal intercostal (11 pairs, fibers run external) origin, insertion, action and nerve? |
|
Definition
O: superior border of rib below
I: inferior border of rib above
A: draw ribs together, forced expiration
N: intercostal nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O: rib cage, sternum, costal cartilage
I: central tendon
A: prime mover of inspiration
N: phrenic nerves |
|
|
Term
| abnominal wall's four paired muscles? |
|
Definition
-internal & extrenal obliques
-transversus abdominis
-rectus abdominis
-fasciae
-aponeuroses |
|
|
Term
| rectus abdominis origin, insertion, action and nerve? |
|
Definition
O: pubic crest
I: xiphoid process, costal cartilage rib 5-7
A: flex and rotate lumbar, depress ribs, stabalize pelvis
N: intercostal nerve (T6 or T7-T12) |
|
|
Term
| external oblique origin, insertion, action, nerve? |
|
Definition
O: lower 8 ribs
I: anteriorly aponeurosis to linea alba
A: compressing abdominal wall, oblique curls, trunk rotation
N: intercostal (T7-T12) |
|
|
Term
| internal oblique origin, insertion, action and nerve? |
|
Definition
O: lumbar fascia, iiac crest, inguinal ligament
I: linea alba, pubic crest, last three or four ribs, costal margin
A: As for external oblique
N: intercostal T7-T12 |
|
|
Term
| transversus abdominus origin, insertion, action and nerve? |
|
Definition
O: inguinal igament, lumbar fascia, cartilage of last 6 ribs, iliac crest
I: linea alba, pubic crest
A: compresses abdominal content
N: intercostal |
|
|
Term
| what do the ischiocavernosus & bulbospongiosus do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| external urethral sphincter origin, insertion, action and nerve? |
|
Definition
O: ischiopubic rami
I: midline raphe
A: constricts urethra, supports pelvic organs
N: pudenal nerve |
|
|
Term
| ishchiocavernosus origin, insertion, action and nerve? |
|
Definition
O: ischial tuberosities
I: crus of corpus cavernosa
A: maintains erection of penis/clitoris
N: pudenal |
|
|
Term
| bulbospongiosus origin, insertion, action, nerve? |
|
Definition
O: central tendon of perineum & midline raphe of penis
I: corpus cavernosa of penis or clitoris
A: empties male urethra, asissts in erection
N: pudenal |
|
|
Term
| pectoralis major origin, insertion, action and nerve |
|
Definition
O: ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula
A: draws scapula forward and downward
N: medial and lateral pectoral nerves |
|
|
Term
| serratus anterior origin, insertion, action and nerve? |
|
Definition
O: ribs 1-8
I: vertebral bordr of scapula (anterior)
A: rotates scaula, punching, pushing
N: long thoracic nerve |
|
|
Term
| trapezius origin, insertion, action, nerve |
|
Definition
O: occipital bone of ligamentum nuchae
I: acromion, spine of scapula, third of clavicle
A: shurgging in shoulders
N: accessory nerve |
|
|
Term
| levator scapulae origin, insertion, action, nerve |
|
Definition
O: transverse process c1-c4
I: medial border scapula, superior to spine
A: flexes neck
N: cervical spinal |
|
|
Term
| rhomboids origin, insertion, action, nerve |
|
Definition
O: spinous process of C7 & T1
I: medial border of scapula
A: squaring shoulders
N: dorsal scapular nerve |
|
|
Term
| pectoralis major origin, insertion, action, nerve |
|
Definition
O: sternal end of clavicle
I:greater tubercle of humerus
A: prime mover of arm flexion
N: lateral &medial pectoral nerve |
|
|
Term
| latissimus dorsi origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: indirect attachment to lumbodorsal fasica, lower 3 ribs,
I: spirals around teres major
A: prime mover of arm extension
N: thoracodorsal nerve |
|
|
Term
| deltoid origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: trapezius, 1/3 of clavicle
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: prime mover of arm adduction
N: axillary nerve |
|
|
Term
| subscapularis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: stablize shoulder joint
N: subscapular nerves |
|
|
Term
| supraspinatus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: supraspinous fossa
I: superior part of greater tubercle of humerus
A: stablizes shoulder joint
N: suprascapular nerve |
|
|
Term
| infraspinatus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: stabilize shoulder joint
N: superscapular nerve |
|
|
Term
| teres minor origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: lateral border of dorsal scapular surface
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: adducts arm
N: axillary nerve |
|
|
Term
| teres major origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: posterior surface of scapula
I: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A: posteromedially extends, adduct humerus
N: lower subscapular nerve |
|
|
Term
| Coracobrachialis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: coracoid process of scapula
I: medial surface of humerus shaft
A: flexion and adduction of humerus
N: musculocutaneous nerve |
|
|
Term
| _______ _______ is the prime mover of forearm extension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ is a weak synergist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| triceps brachii origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: common tendon of olecranon process of ulna
A: forearm extension
N: radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| __________ and ______ _______ are chief forearm flexors |
|
Definition
| brachialis & biceps brachii |
|
|
Term
| _______________ acts as a synergist and helps stablilize the elbow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| biceps brachii origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: (short head) coracoid process
I: common tendon into radial tuberosity
A: flexes elbow joint
N: musculocutaneous
|
|
|
Term
| brachialis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: front of distal humerus
I: coronoid process of ulna
A: major forearm flexor
N: musculocutaneous |
|
|
Term
| brachioradlias origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: lateral suprecondylar ridge at distal end of humerus
I: base of styloid process of eadius
A: synergist in forearm flexion
N: radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| pronator teres origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: common tendon into lateral radius
A: pronates forearm
N: median nerve
|
|
|
Term
| flexor carpi radilias origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: base of second and third metacarpal
A: powerful flexor of wrist
N: median nerve |
|
|
Term
| palmaris longus: origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: palmar aponeurosis
A: tenses skin and fascia during hand movement, weak wrist flexor
N: median nerve |
|
|
Term
| flexor capri ulnaris origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: pisiform and hamate bones
A: powerful flexor of wrist
N: ulnar nerve
|
|
|
Term
| flexor digitorium superficialis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: 4 tendons of middle phalanges
A: flexes wrist
N: median nerve |
|
|
Term
| extensor carpi radialis longus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: second metacarpal
A: extends wrist, abducts writst
N: radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| extensor digitorum origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: lateral epicondyle of humeus
I: base of 3rd metacarpal
A: extends and abducts wrist
N: deep branch of radial nerve
|
|
|
Term
| extensor carpi ulnaris origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 5th metacarpal
A: extends wrist, adducts wrist
N: posterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| supinator origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I proximal end of radius
A: assists biceps brachii to supinate forearm
N: psoterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
| abductor pollicis brevis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: flexor retinaculum
I: base of thumb
A: abducts thumb
N: median nerve |
|
|
Term
| flexor pollicis brevis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: flexor retinaculum
I: base of prox phalanx of thumb
A: flexes thumb
N: median nerve |
|
|
Term
| opponens pollicis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: flexor retinaculum
I: metacarpal 1
A: moves thumb to touch tip of finger
N: median |
|
|
Term
| abductor digiti minimi origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: pisiform bone
I: prox phalanx of pinky
A: abducts pink
N: ulnar nerve |
|
|
Term
| flexor digiti minimi brevis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: hamate bone & flexor retinaculum
I: prox phalanx of pinky
A: flexes pinky
N: ulnar |
|
|
Term
| opponens digiti minimi origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: hamate bone & flexor retinaculum
I: metacarpal 5
A: cup hand (holding something)
N: Ulnar |
|
|
Term
| sartorius origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: iliac spine
I: medial aspect of knee
A: flexes, abducts, rotates thigh
N: femoral |
|
|
Term
| adductor magnus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: ischial and pubic rami
I: linea aspera
A: anterior part adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh
N: obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| adductor longus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: pubis near symphysis
I: linea aspera
A: adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh
N: orburator nerve |
|
|
Term
| adductor brevis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: ramus of pubis
I: linea aspera above adductor longus
A: adducts and medially rotates thigh
N: obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| pectineus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: pectineal line of pubis
I: lesser trochanter into linea aspera
A: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh
N: femoral |
|
|
Term
| gracilis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: ramus & body of pubis
I: medial surface of tibia
A: adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates thigh
N: obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| biceps femoris: origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: ischial tuberosity
I: common tendon inserts into fibula
A: extends thigh and flexes knee
N: sciatic nerve |
|
|
Term
| semitendinosus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: ischial tuberosity
I: upper tibial shaft
A: extends thigh at hip, flexes knee
N sciatic nerve |
|
|
Term
| semimembranosus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia
A: extends and flexes knee
N: sciatic |
|
|
Term
| gluteus maximus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: dorsal ilium, sacrum, coccyx
I: gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: extends thigh
N: inferior gluteal nerve |
|
|
Term
| five adductor muscles of thigh adduction (think adductor MLB/pg) |
|
Definition
adductor MAGNUS
adductor LONGUS
adductor BREVIS
pectineus
gracilis |
|
|
Term
| adductor magnus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: ischial and pubic rami
I: linea aspera
A: adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh
N: obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| adductor longus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: pubis near symphysis
I: linea aspera
A: adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh
N: orburator nerve |
|
|
Term
| adductor brevis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: linea aspera
A: adducts and rotates thigh
N: obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| pectineus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: pectineal line of pubis
I: lesser trochanter into linea aspera
A: adducts, flexes and rotates thigh
N: femoral |
|
|
Term
| gracilis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: inferior ramus and body of pubis
I: medial surface of tibia
A: adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates
N: obturator |
|
|
Term
| rectus femoris origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: anterior inferior iliac spine
I: patella and tibial tuberosity
A: extends knee and flexes thigh
N: femoral |
|
|
Term
| vastus lateralis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: greater trochanter
I: intertrochanteric line
I: rectus femoris
A: extends and stabilizes knee
N: femoral nerve |
|
|
Term
| vastus medialis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: linea aspera
I: rectus femoris
A: extends knee
N: femoral |
|
|
Term
| vastus intermedialis origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: femur shaft (anterior)
I: rectus femoris
A: extends knee
N: femoral |
|
|
Term
| tibialis anterior origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: lateral condyle of upper tibial shaft
I: tendon into medial cuneiform
A: dorsiflexion
N: deep fibular nerve |
|
|
Term
| extensor digitorum longus origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: lateral condyle of tibia
I: middle and distal phalanges
A: toe extension
N: deep fibular |
|
|
Term
| gastrocnemius origin, insertion, action & nerve |
|
Definition
O: condyles of femur
I: posterior calcneus
A: flexes foot
N: tibial |
|
|
