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| referring to the family in Japan, came up with the laws of military households, meant to keep the family in power, tried to isolate themselves from the rest of the world, around the 1600s, last emperor of the Ming Dynasty ***centralization of power |
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| everything was centered around the people’s needs, everything relies on agriculture, fixed relationship between the amount of land you have and the population, not enough land for the amount of people, need a certain amount of land for growing crops and such, ***the reason for the industrial revolution |
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| started by Zhu Yuanzhang, kicked out the Mongols, establishes a dynasty/estate in China, fall was caused by military threats of foreign invasion, 1368-1644, covers almost 3 centuries, started the Chinese dominance of trade and commerce, Ming was interested in exploring east Africa and other such places led by Zheng He, ***established themselves as the main traders amongst the rest of the world (late Ming), Zhu was a peasant and moved up in society to became an emperor (early Ming) |
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| 1600s, Russian, westernization – made a basic guideline for the west which said they had to keep their beards trimmed and such things like that, ***brought order to the country and expanded Russia to the east |
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| present day Persia, 1500s, Safavid are Muslims who established Islam, they are Shiites, all from the realms of Turkey, ***started trade in that region |
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| set up the foundation of rights for America, universal human rights, limited power of the kings – had to pass things through parliament, gave people the right to bear arms, king didn’t have absolute power any more, legislative power, big focus on tax, fight over money which is controlled by the French, 1689 – around the time of Glorious Revolution, ***gave more power to parliament |
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| includes the opium war, around mid-1800s (1839-42), between British and Chinese, first of unequal treaties, British aren’t liable for crimes committed in china, and it will go back to the court system in Britain, most favored nation – the nation that had the first trading rights and lower taxes on trades, all of this is a result of the opium which is not talked about in the treaty because no one speaks of it, Hong Kong becomes a British territory because of this, ***model of new style of merchant imperialism |
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1. – Spanish missionary, in the indies, brief description of the devastation of the indies, firsthand account, speaks of the brutality of the Spanish conquistadors, catholic priest, shows how the conquest happened, ***people that were being colonized would be more willing to change |
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| origins of this global system, first time people are going across the world for this trade, china is definitely highly benefitting of this, in Europe they start looking for mining options started by Potosi, around 1500’s and 1600s, makes room for war |
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| 1500s, formed by Martin Luther, in Germany he came up with these theses which became the basis of the new religion he formed later known as Lutheranism, used to be a Catholic friar, sola fidelis, ***started the Protestant Reformation |
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1. Led a rebellion against the Mongols, peasant to bandit, ***began the Ming Dynasty, proclaimed himself emperor in 1368 |
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| born into one of last Mongol areas, third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, went on seven voyages, admiral of the head fleet, Eunuch, ***Chinese Muslim which is important because he could communicate with other parts of the world |
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| a labor force that was invented by the Incans, public service was required such as building roads and military services, all citizens able to perform works were required to do so for a certain number of days of the year, ***helped built the Incan empire |
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| 1500s, African king, made Christianity a state religion, European products made dissension and social instability, slave trade with Portuguese undermined his authority, ***Europeans had no respect and he was losing power |
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1. labor system established by the Spanish when they were colonizing the new world and the Phillipines, the conquistadors were granted leadership over the people that they conquered, 1500s, ***created a bad relationship between the Spanish and the new world inhabitants |
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| 18th Century, a free market, government was not involved in trade, ***beginning of stock market and people could have free trade |
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1. 1545-1563, Martin Luther opposed the laws of the Catholic Church with his own beliefs, he was excommunicated, reaffirmed the Catholic faith that Luther tried to combat, church affirmed the Bible’s credibility, ***official biblical split between the Catholic church and protestant denominations |
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1. the belief that the prosperity of a nation is dependent on the supply of capital, 16th-18th Centuries, ***this brought the world together because they were all dependent on each other for goods and materials |
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| wanted to expand Japan because it was isolated, merchant business owners, to be successful you must work hard and pay debts, do not lend money or gamble with daimyo, ***still around today |
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| goal was to improve French manufacturing and economy, 1600s, wanted to keep in contact with East India Company (EIC) for goods (coffee, cotton, fur, sugar), ***brought the economy back from the brink of bankruptcy |
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| 1. Clergy, 2. Nobility, 3. Everyone else, unbalanced but had equal representation, third refused to participate and began national assembly and were forced to pay taxes, ***sparked French Revolution because of the imbalance of power |
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| Declaration of Rights of Man |
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| – fundamental document of the French Revolution, gave human rights to all men, tried to decentralize power from the king, ***gave power to the people and took power away from the monarchy |
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1. 1700s, written by Thomas Paine, pamphlets given to states to get them to work together and it unified the American colonies, express American aspirations for independence, first published during the American Revolution, ***accelerated the move for declaration of independence |
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| – vowed to dedicate his life to liberation of Venezuela, became leader, ***inspired the South American countries to rebel against Spain |
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| 1700s, decisive British victory over India and French victory, ***opened up Opium trade to China |
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| British East India Company |
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1. early royal stock company, ***monopoly for 21 years |
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| Qing Dynasty, longest reigning emperor, ***Brought order to China after Ming Dynasty died out |
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| Richard Hakluyt "A Discourse on Western Planting |
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1. wanted explorers to go west, founded Viginia company, ***encouraged western exploration |
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1. where the Spanish mined all the silver which funded the wars |
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