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Date: 1935-1937
Location: Bear Run, Pennsylvania
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright |
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Falling Water Date: 1935-1937 Location: Bear Run, Pennsylvania Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright |
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Natural Materials Orthogonal projecting forms Geometric Uses butt-edge glazing Open plan Similar to Schroder House Defined spaces by views Brings outside indoors Stone wall: helps relate building to site and contextual materials Floating appearance Architect designed his own furniture Staircase appears to float on the water |
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Name: Robie House Date: 1909 Location: Chicago, Illinois Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright |
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In plan the Robie house has two interlocking rectangles •Frank Lloyd Wright was influenced by Japanese architecture and craft in his design •The Robie house incorporates nature into the building •Materials used in the building include steel beams, concrete, and most importantly roman brick for the exterior •The Roman brick emphasizes horizontality •Vertical elements are pulled back to increase the sense of horizontality •The roof is cantilevered out •Building represents the idea of the Japanese idea of the sky and the ground •The mortar joints were done in a way to emphasize horizontality •Building is very private in nature. It cannot be viewed easily from the outside •There is a series of spaces you go before you arrive at the entry •The main entry is nestled into the back of the building away from the main sidewalk •The interior has organic design motifs •The Robie house is an example of total design (FLW was involved in all the parts of construction) •In the interior the spaces are free flowing •The interior rooms are not necessarily defined as square shaped •Robie House is an example of “Prairie” style which was a term coined by others about FLW work. •The sense of horizontality reflects the flat vastness of the Midwest prairies •Style started to represent the environment of the region •Key parts of Prairie style: Roman brick, steep cantilevered roof, horizontal emphasis •Design is based on surrounding environment |
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Date: 1909 Location: Chicago, Illinois Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright |
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Fosse Ardeatine 1947-51 Rome N. Aprile, C. Calaprina, A. Cardelli, M. Fiorentino, and O. Perugini |
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mark the site of the murder of 353 Italians by Germans in retaliation for a bombing inside the cave where this murder took place “fosse” simply means “cave” “aredeatine” is in reference to “road” competition project winning team was comprised of five architects and two sculptors two parts to the structure: entrance and mausoleum mausoleum: constructed of a giant concrete slab plain exterior every victim marked inside no stylistic response to the horrors of the war The Italians actually started out the war on the side of the Germans, so they cannot claim triumph structure therefore does not reflect a victorious attitude |
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1947-51 Rome N. Aprile, C. Calaprina, A. Cardelli, M. Fiorentino, and O. Perugini |
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Name: Seagram Building Location: New York City Year: 1958 Architect: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
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"less is more" express power in the center of the financial world highly valued void, like Central Park double layering that emphasizes the vertical grounded with structure understanding of the depth of the curtain wall I-beams steel column is buried in fire proofing metal zigzag steel column--vertical emphasis pull the structure from outside to inside |
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Location: New York City Year: 1958 Architect: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
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Rome 1950-54 Mario Ridolfi & Ludovico Quaroni |
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Tiburtino Rome 1950-54 Mario Ridolfi & Ludovico Quaroni |
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Random village Organic community: represents democracy No order 3 shapes of buildings Lack of boundaries Appears like historic center of rome Only ordered in plan Walls: painted plaster w/ wooden shutters Scenic, spontaneous Like traditional village Tries to reject monumentalism Creation of medieval village: simplicity, humility, morality, agrarian |
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Plano, Illinois 1951-52 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
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Farnsworth House Plano, Illinois 1951-52 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
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minimalistic doesn't harmonize or dominate landscaping raised off ground meets ground with stair treads porch consists of only floor slab, with no covering/roof structure: independent of cladding system open layout interior partition walls create organization furniture is even minimalistic result: impractical for owner |
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The Kimbell Art Museum Date: 1966-72 Location: Fort Worth, TX Architect: Louis Kahn |
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Traditional: Roman Vaults, Repetition, symmetry, portico Modern: Glass wall courtyard, concrete technology, skylights
16 parallel vaults: 100' long, 20' high, 20' wide grouped into 3 wings uses travertine inside and outside |
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Date: 1966-72 Location: Fort Worth, TX Architect: Louis Kahn |
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The Guggenheim Museum 1959 NYC FLW |
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houses modern & contemporary art ramp that curves around to lead visitors around museum visitors entered from the top and moved down when built, the art community was upset because the ramp was tilted and made viewing art, difficult context is very traditional, which causes this building to stand out uses neg. space to draw users in oculus brings in natural light made out of concrete, but arch wanted stone |
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The Woodland Chapel 1915-40 Stockholm, Sweden Gunnar Asplund |
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structure: modern Scandinavian & classical Greek Simple columns show order & relate to trees around site simple stucco and local materials: help ground materials to site Pantheon has similar structural plan |
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1915-40 Stockholm, Sweden Gunnar Asplund |
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Ledbetter House 1947 Norman, OK Bruce Goff |
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not rectilinear plan round canopy juts over drive way bridge takes you to second floor, over water back wall of house is stacked stone stone hints at organic form very unique design at time of being built arch unconventionally used steel in overhangs + organic materials (glass/vegetation) little to no boundaries to outside--only boundary is glass continues outside to the inside by making a garden inside right next to the outside garden |
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The Tabernacle Church & North Christian Church Eliel & Eero Saarinen Columbus Indiana |
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Tab: inspired by Scandinavian architecture simple box proportions of a shoe box symmetrical & proportional-like classical churches modern materials & wood craft shows Scandinavian Arch the most lack of ornamentation
North Christ.: sculpture oriented arch mod future geometry contrasted against Tab Church hexagonal volume: spaceship materials: reinforced concrete (not used in Tab Church)
Diff: way they touch ground and entrance Tab: elevated on pedestal with tactile stairs North. Christ: provides view & then hides it & shows it to provide dramatic entrance dug into ground (completely opp from Tab), makes people walk into ground |
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Woodland Cemetary Stockholm, Sweden Gunnar Aspland and Sigurd Lewerentz 1915-40 |
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preserve existing site open landscape integrates purity and simplicity rooted architecture classical elements (esp. Roman arch) local and traditional materials Roman arch was precedent int. Roman spaces |
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Woodland Cemetary Stockholm, Sweden Gunnar Aspland and Sigurd Lewerentz 1915-40 |
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preserve existing site open landscape integrates purity and simplicity rooted architecture classical elements (esp. Roman arch) local and traditional materials Roman arch was precedent int. Roman spaces |
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The Dymaxion House 1920-50 Buckminster Fuller |
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Wants to use technology to create architecture Dynamic + maximum efficiency 11,000 sq ft-$65,000-100 man hours Steel/aluminum/plastic Housing shortage: CGI’s are coming back from war, needing homes 2 million homes/year Rededicating efforts to affordable housing |
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1920-50 Buckminster Fuller |
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Crown Hall @ IIT Chicago, Illinois 1956 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
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Worked out Farnswoth issues Uninterrupted space, free of structure Steel plate girders Minimal: stairs/porch Building touches ground Classical plan Similar to Shinkel’s Altemuseum: regulating bays, no pediments Diff from Farnsworth: scale/use, public space, greater sense of enclosure because you’re further away from glass |
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Chicago, Illinois 1956 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
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860 Lakeshore Drive 1949-51 Chicago, Illinois Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
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Skyscraper challenge, can’t pull structure outwards Apartment buildings Steel structure, has to be covered with fireproof Uses metal skin I beams to emphasize verticality & act as regulating bays |
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1949-51 Chicago, Illinois Ludwig Mies van der Rohe |
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The Richards Medical Building 1951-61 Philadelphia Louis Kahn |
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Buildings joined together by axis and cross-axis Servant & served spaces: look different Mech & Circulation: can be read from exterior |
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The Richards Medical Building |
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1951-61 Philadelphia Louis Kahn |
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The Salk Institute 1964-65 La Jolla, CA Louis Kahn |
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Blending archaic & modern Beaux Arts planning strategies Buildings Fan out to get view of ocean Axis & Cross Axis Tactile/Warm Zig zag forms allow for views |
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1964-65 La Jolla, CA Louis Kahn |
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Complexity and Contradiction in Arch 1966 Robert Venturi |
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Picks out his own images in history 300 images Begins with an ironic passage: he likes boring architecture, but also interesting architecture. Criticizes buildings and calls out architects |
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Guild House Philadelphia 1960-63 Robert Venturi & John K. Raunch |
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senior housing built from cheap materials affordable symmetrical façade column right in middle of axis, blocking entry door goes against classical rules arch @ top signifies senior common room Crowns bldg. with tv antenna Prec. appears to be post office in Naples & Borgo Panigale Italian rationalism |
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Philadelphia 1960-63 Robert Venturi & John K. Raunch |
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Vanna Venturi House Chestnut Hill, PA 1962 Robert Venturi |
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Chestnut Hill, PA 1962 Robert Venturi |
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Portland Building Portland, Oregon 1980-83 Michael Graves |
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architect begun as a modernist, with white boxes then he turned to history and became a post-modernist Design Competition Simple geometric forms cube stacked on base scale defined by windows triangular brackets exaggerated keystone (only for ornament) |
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Portland, Oregon 1980-83 Michael Graves |
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Vietnam Veterans Memorial Washington DC 1981-83 Maya Lin |
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America Lost & 58,000 americans died Challenge: how do you memorialize that? Blind Design Competition Black Granite "V" Carved into the ground Names enscribed on V Allows people to commemorate the war w/o est. single meaning designed with site in mind Names ordered by time of death allows people to run fingers over and feel names and "pain" black granite reflects us in it and how we played a part in the war |
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Vietnam Veterans Memorial |
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Washington DC 1981-83 Maya Lin |
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Learning from Las Vegas: the forgotten symbolism of architectural form |
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Robert Venturi, Denise Scott Brown & Steven Izenour 1977 |
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Wainwright Building St. Louis 1890 Dankmar Alder & Louis Sullivan |
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materials: terracotta & steel helps with fire retard. Arch enjoys art of it-high craftsmanship emphasizes verticality entablature: highly ornamented linear organic forms symmetrical roman composite column clean frame draws interest to capital |
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St. Louis 1890 Dankmar Alder & Louis Sullivan |
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Larkin Building Buffalo, NY 1904 FLW |
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looks @ context verticality emphasizes machine: -Egyptian motifs -steel frame -A/C Monumental Inward focus Historical references Well-lit area: atrium brings machine focus to center of building |
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The Gene & Nancy Bavinger House Norman, OK 1950 Bruce Goff |
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Created for the dean of arts & sciences wants to build w/ students spiral form: connected to landscape uses redrock cables supporting roof structure pods hung as rooms with privacy curtains hung plants to bring outside indoors little barriers btw inside & outside |
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The Gene & Nancy Bavinger House |
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