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Midterm
exams 1-6 review
88
Pharmacology
Not Applicable
10/13/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the most important consideration when administering new drugs?
Definition
Possible interactions
Term
Why are oral doses generally higher than IM doses?
Definition
The first pass effect requires more drugs
Term
Why are diuretics given with high blood pressure medication?
Definition
Synergistic effects
Term
How are drugs with a known high first pass effect administered to be more effective?
Definition
IV rather than oral
Term
What should a nurse do if he/she cannot read an order?
Definition
Question it before administering
Term
What is the nurse responsible for when administering drugs?
Definition
Having sufficient drug knowledge and be able to recognize and question errors
Term
What must a know accurately asses the proper dose for a child?
Definition
The childs weight in kg
Term
How can a nurse help a patient overcome pre-surgery anxiety?t
Definition
Take time to talk to and listen to the patient
Term
What is one thing a nurse can do to promote theraputic drug effect?
Definition
Have the patient take medications at prescribes times
Term
When is the collection of subjective and objective data done?
Definition
The assessment
Term
What is true about patient teaching?
Definition
Its ongoing
Term
The nurse should make sure the patient is free of what during the teaching/learning experient?
Definition
Pain
Term
Who is responsible for giving the patient accurate and up to date drug information?
Definition
The nurse
Term
What organ plays the largest role in drug metabolism?
Definition
The liver
Term
What is the main symptom you would find in an anaplylactiv reaction?
Definition
Breathing difficulty
Term
What must be regularly inspected during sulfasalenide therapy for ulcerative colitis?
Definition
stool samples
Term
What is a major risk of trimethroprin administration in older adults?
Definition
depression of the bone marrow
Term
How do sulfonamides exert their effects?
Definition
they inhibit folic acid in bacterial membrane
Term
What class are sulfonamides?
Definition
bacteriostatic
Term
What is a main adverse effect of Bactrim?
Definition
Renal Damage
Term
A cardiac patient taking a beta blocker along with Penecillin is at higher risk for what?
Definition
Anaphylactic shock
Term
What is the primary antibiotic for rhumatic fever?
Definition
Penecillin G
Term
What is generally used to treat psuedomonias?
Definition
Extended spectrum penecillins
Term
By what action to natural acting penecillins work?
Definition
bacteriocidal
Term
What drug is given prophylactically for infection in oral procedures?
Definition
penecillin
Term
What is a key sign of a superinfection?
Definition
Abdominal cramping
Term
What percentage of people who are allergic to penecillin are also allergic to cephalosporins?
Definition
10%
Term
What type of infections to 3rd generation cephalosporins treat?
Definition
gram negative
Term
What are two main adverse ractions of aminoglycosides?
Definition
ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Term
What is used to treat syphallis in patients who are allergic to penecilli?
Definition
tetracycline
Term
What doo fluoroquionolones do?
Definition
Interefere with the synthesis of bacterial DNA
Term
What should be done when a patient on gentamycin develops ringing in the ears?
Definition
the dose should be held and the doctor should be contacted
Term
How should tetracycline be taken?
Definition
On an empty stomach
Term
Floroquinolones treat infections by which effect?
Definition
Bactericidal
Term
Tetracyclines taken with antacids can result in what adverse effect?
Definition
the decreased absorbtion of tetracycline
Term
What drug is used prophylactically for TB?
Definition
Isoniazid
Term
What food should be avoided when taking linzenoid?
Definition
cheddar cheese
Term
What adverse reaction can occur when tetracycline is taken with anticoagulants?
Definition
increased risk of bleeding
Term
What is the main side effect of maxaquin?
Definition
photosensitivity
Term
What should be avoided with INH therapy?
Definition
alcohol
Term
What adverse reaction should be watched for with clindamycin?
Definition
Bloody stool or diarrhea
Term
What is a main contraindication for acyclovir therapy?
Definition
Increased levels of theophylline
Term
What should be ordered before floroquinolone therapy?
Definition
A culture and sensitivity test
Term
What can result when linezoid is taken with foods containting thyramine?
Definition
severe hypertension
Term
What is a drug that is bsolutely contraindicated for children?
Definition
levofloxacin
Term
Who is at higher risk for liver failure when taking acetamenophin?
Definition
people who habitually use alcohol
Term
What is the primary type of analgesic used for rheumatoid arthritis?
Definition
NSAIDs
Term
What vital sign should be especially assessed with morphine therapy?
Definition
Respiratory rate
Term
What will most likely be administered to a child with the flu?
Definition
Tylenol
Term
When should a nurse notify the physician regarding respiratory rate?
Definition
When it fall below 10 breaths/minute
Term
What should be checked before morphine administration?
Definition
The patients respiratory rate, depth, and rhythm
Term
How are opiods most effectively administered for chronic pain patients?
Definition
On a regular schedule around the clock
Term
Which body system recognizes pain?
Definition
Nervous system
Term
What is tylenol classified as?
Definition
A nonsalicylate drug
Term
What adverse effect should be watched for when Modafinil is given for epilepsy?
Definition
nausea
Term
What is an anxiety disorder?
Definition
anything that causes a percieved threat to physical,emotional,social, or personal well being
Term
What is a main GI reaction to sedatives?
Definition
nausea
Term
What does flurazepam do?
Definition
induces sleep
Term
What pregnancy category are benzodiazepenes?
Definition
Category X
Term
What adverse reaction should be watched for in elderly patients taking zolipidem?
Definition
confusion
Term
When should a patient recieve Zolpidem?
Definition
before bed
Term
What can happen when a pregnant woman takes Benzodiazapene?
Definition
their newborn can have withdrawl symptoms
Term
How long does it generally take for antidepressants to exert their therapeutic effect?
Definition
10 days to 4 weeks
Term
What is a main drug used in the treatment of anxiety and sleep disturbances?
Definition
Imipramine (Tofrenil)
Term
What are the adverse reactions of Amoxapine?
Definition
muscle rigidity, altered mental status, sweating, and tachycardia
Term
How long does is usually take for neuroleptic malignant syndrome take to present?
Definition
1 month
Term
What patients taking gentamycin should be especially watched for adverse reactions?
Definition
those with hearing impairments
Term
What is another name for adrenergic drugs?
Definition
Sympathomimetic drugs
Term
What is the predominant effect of alpha-1 drugs?
Definition
vasoconstriction
Term
What is a main effect of adrenergic drugs?
Definition
increase of the heart rate
Term
What is the primary nursing assessment for alpha and beta antagonists?
Definition
heart rate
Term
What finding should be reported immediately with a patient taking epinephrine?
Definition
a systolic blood pressure less than 100
Term
What is the most imporant thing to monitor in patients taking miodrine?
Definition
blood pressure
Term
What type of drugs is used for the treatment of asthma, shock, and bronchospasm?
Definition
sympathomimetic
Term
What should be assessed before the administration of beta-adrenergic blockers?
Definition
pulse and blood pressure
Term
What should be done when a patient taking propanolol presents with a heart rate below 60?
Definition
The done should be held and the doctor should be contacted
Term
What would an alpha 2 adrenergic agonist cause?
Definition
a decrease in blood pressure
Term
What should be closely assessed before sympathomimetics are administered?
Definition
Apical pulse
Term
What drug acts on the parasympathetic nervous system?
Definition
Acetylcholinerase
Term
What system do cholinergic drugs effect?
Definition
parasympathetic
Term
What effect should Urtecholine cause?
Definition
Improved function of the bladder
Term
What is the primary use for Duvoid?
Definition
Urinary retention
Term
How do cholinergic drugs work?
Definition
They increase the activity of acetylcholine receptor sites
Term
What should atropine therapy do?
Definition
restore normal sinus rythm and rate
Term
How long should it take a patient to void after recieving Urecholine?
Definition
30-90 mins
Term
What two drugs are primarily used for the treatment of glaucoma?
Definition
Carbacol and pilocarpine
Term
When should pro-bantine be given?
Definition
30 min before a meal
Term
What is an example of an adverse effect of atropine?
Definition
flushing
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