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Midterm Study Guide
midterm terms
73
English
9th Grade
01/22/2011

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Term
Sonnet Conventions
Definition
fourteen-line poem written in iambic pentameter. Employs one of several rhyme schemes and adheres to a tightly structured thematic organization.
Term
Types of sonnets
Definition
petrarchan, Shakespearean, Spenserian.
Term
Petrarchan sonnet
Definition
two stanzas with a rigid rhyme scheme, octave is the first eight line of the poem which established an issue that needs to be resolved. sestet is the final six lines that answers the octave, octave turn/volta- occurs between eighth and ninth lines, rhyme scheme- abba, abba, cdecde or cdcdcd
Term
Spenserian sonnet
Definition
three quatrains and a couplet, couplet links between quatrains. rhyme scheme- abab, bcbc, cdcd, ee.
Term
Shakespearean sonnet
Definition
three quatrain and a couplet, couplet plays a pivotal role- conclusion, amplification or even refutation of the previous three stanzas. moment of revelation or insight at the poem's end. rhyme scheme- abab, cdcd, efef, gg.
Term
quatrain
Definition
group of four lines with a connected rhyme scheme and main idea
Term
couplet
Definition
rhymed pair of lines that form a unified idea
Term
heroic couplets
Definition
couplets in iambic pentameter
Term
rhythmic quality of a poem
Definition
meter
Term
rhythm of sonnets
Definition
beat
Term
iambic pentameter
Definition
an example of a rhythmic pattern of syllables
Term
iamb
Definition
a series of two syllables, metrical 'foot'
Term
iambic
Definition
rhythm goes from an unstressed syllable to a stressed syllable
Term
sound of iambic meter
Definition
heartbeat
Term
iambic unit name
Definition
foot
Term
pentameter
Definition
means that iambic rhythm is repeated five times, or has five feet.
Term
stanza
Definition
poetic paragraph
Term
Petrarchan Love Conventions
Definition
addresses lady, praises superlative qualities using descriptions of beauty supplied by Petrarch, poet-lover presents himself as ardent and impetuous, dwells only on the subjective experience, particularly on the misery of being in love, employs contradictory and oxymoronic phrases and images, disclaims credit for poetic merits, claims that inspiration of mistress is what makes his poetry superior, promises to protect the youth of his lady and his own love against time.
Term
allusion
Definition
a reference in a literary work to a person, place, point, or thing in history or another work of literature.
Term
Symbol (study more!)
Definition
bringing together abstract and concrete or the general and the specific in a memorable combination. an object or sensory impression that has an associated meaning or phenomenon
Term
Imagery
Definition
anything that appeals to the five senses
Term
rhyme
Definition
two words that sound alike
Term
dramatic foil
Definition
a character whose purpose is to present a contrast with another character, usually embodying the opposite characteristic or preventing a character, usually the protagonist, from succeeding at something.
Term
implied stage direction
Definition
stage directions that have to be implied from the text
Term
monologue
Definition
a long speech in which a character talks on stage
Term
aside
Definition
words spoken in an undertone that are not intended to be heard by all characters on stage.
Term
pun
Definition
play on words
Term
personification
Definition
portraying an inanimate object as having the qualities of a human being
Term
simile
Definition
a comparison using like or as
Term
metaphor
Definition
a direct comparison between two unlike things
Term
dramatic irony
Definition
a contradiction between what a character thinks and what the reader/audience knows to be true.
Term
situational irony
Definition
an event that directly contradicts the expectations of the characters, the reader, or the audience.
Term
verbal irony
Definition
words used to suggest the opposite of what is meant.
Term
inciting moment
Definition
the incident without which there would be no story.
Term
theme
Definition
the underlying message in a literary work or other art form.
Term
mood
Definition
atmosphere- feeling felt by the reader
Term
tone
Definition
how author feels about characters/story.
Term
tragic hero
Definition
the protagonist that has a tragic flaw; alienated from public/political roles; individuals.
Term
Hamartia
Definition
a mistake in judgement leading to calamity
Term
hubris
Definition
Greeks- some outstanding quality or conspicuous behavior that is brought to the attention of the jealous gods, who are thereby provoked to inflict disaster. renaissance- guilty pride
Term
tragic flaw
Definition
something in the tragic hero's character that accounts for the terrible things that happen to him.
Term
soliloquy
Definition
a long speech in which a character who is alone speaks his or her thoughts aloud.
Term
accredit
Definition
to authorize; to certify; to believe
Term
credence
Definition
belief; acceptance as true
Term
creditable
Definition
deserving praise
Term
credulous
Definition
believing too easily; gullible
Term
creed
Definition
a statement of belief or principle
Term
deify
Definition
to make a god of
Term
deify
Definition
to make a god of
Term
deity
Definition
a god or goddess
Term
divine
Definition
to foretell by supernatural means, to know by intuition or insight
Term
divinity
Definition
a god or goddess; a divine being, the state of being divine, the study of Christian theology.
Term
apotheosis
Definition
making a god of something; deification, a glorified ideal; an essence.
Term
theocracy
Definition
government by divine power of priests
Term
theology
Definition
the study of religion
Term
atheist
Definition
a person who believes there is no god.
Term
pantheism
Definition
identifying god with nature; belief in all gods.
Term
pantheon
Definition
all the gods of a people or religion.
Term
consecrate
Definition
to make or declare something sacred
Term
execrate
Definition
to denounce as vile or evil; to curse; to detest
Term
sacrament
Definition
something considered to have sacred significance
Term
sacrilege
Definition
disrespect to something regarded as sacred
Term
sacrosanct
Definition
sacred (often used ironically)
Term
sanctimonious
Definition
pretending to be righteous
Term
sanction
Definition
approval; support; permission, a penalty for breaking a law or custom
Term
sanctity
Definition
godliness; holiness
Term
sanctuary
Definition
a sacred place; any place of refuge
Term
hierarchy
Definition
a group organized by rank
Term
hieroglyphic
Definition
written with pictures to represent sounds or meanings of words, hard to read
Term
expiate
Definition
to make amends for; to atone for
Term
piety
Definition
religious devotion; great respect toward something, especially parents.
Term
impious
Definition
sacrilegious; profane; lacking appropriate reverence or respect.
Term
pittance
Definition
a meager portion of anything, especially an allowance or salary.
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