Term
| Exocrine glands secrete their products onto epithelia by way of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the chemical messengers that endocrine glands called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do endocrine glands that secrete hormones transport them after releasing them in one tissue to alter the activities of specific ells in other tissues? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| specific cells that possess receptors needed to bind and read the hormonal message when it arrives |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of hormones contain more than 200 amino acids and have a carbohydrate side? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the building blocks of proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are activated white blood cells called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Eicosanoids released by activate white blood cells or leukocytes are important in coordinating tissue responses to injury or disease are termed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are steroid hormones called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is structurally similar to the steroid hormone lipid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Steroid hormones are bound specifically to what in blood plasma and remaining circulation longer than peptides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gradually absorbs these and converts them to soluble forms that can be exerted in bile or urine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes cells to become sensitive to the hormone because hormone levels are low? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When blood glucose levels rise, which hormone does the pancreas secrete to allow absorption and utilization of glucose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| appearance of numerous second messengers in a cell that magnifies the effect of a hormone on the target cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes cells to become less sensitive to a hormone because levels of that hormone are high? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the area above the pituitary gland in the brain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of hormones does the hypothalamus secrete to affect the secretions from the anterior pituitary? |
|
Definition
| releasing or inhibiting hormones |
|
|
Term
| What is another term for the anterior pituitary? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do steroid hormones diffuse across and bid to receptors in cytoplasm or nucleus and activate or deactivate specific genes? |
|
Definition
| phospholipid cell membrane |
|
|
Term
| What might steroid hormones alter the rate of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What might steroid hormones change the patter of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are the receptors for catecholamines, peptide hormones, and eicosanoids? |
|
Definition
| cell membrane of the target cell |
|
|
Term
| What is the hormone from the alpha cells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glucagon encourages what reserves to release contents? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood glucose concentrations |
|
|
Term
| What has the opposite affect of glucagon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| presence of glucose in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| damages many organ systems and is characterized by blood glucose levels that are high enough to overwhelm the kidney's reabsorption capabilities |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| insulin dependent diabetes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone do the kidneys secrete in response to PTH and it helps form vitamin D and inhibits PTH secretions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is another hormone that the kidneys secrete that acts on red bone marrow to stimulate production of RBC and increases blood volume? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the heart secrete? |
|
Definition
| atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) |
|
|
Term
| What does the brain secrete to increase water and salt loss at kidneys and lower blood pressure? |
|
Definition
| brain natriuretic peptide |
|
|
Term
| Where is the thymus gland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the thymus gland produce? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the hormone thymosin from the thymus gland promote the development of that help fight infection and disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What enzyme does the kidneys secrete? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the enzyme renin convert that is a plasma protein produced by the liver to angiotensin 1 and in lungs is modified to the hormone angiotensin 2? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Angiotensin 2 stimulates the secretion of what by adrenal cortex and ADH of the posterior pituitary? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of cells of the testes secrete the androgen testosterone to help sperm mature, male sex characteristics, etc? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone does the corpus lute secrete? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can progesterone be referred to because it prepares the uterus for implantation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can excess thyroid hormones cause? |
|
Definition
| Grave's Disease or hyperthyroidism |
|
|
Term
| What does Grave's Disease or hyperthyroidism cause? |
|
Definition
| high metabolic rates and increased body temps and bulging of the eyes |
|
|
Term
| What is a term for the bugling of the eyes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can hypo secretion of thyroid hormones in adults cause with subcutaneous swelling, hair loss, dry skin, low body temp, muscle weakness and slowed reflexes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| enlargement of the thyroid gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hypo secretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids and one cannot mobilize energy reserves nor maintain normal glucose levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| low secretions of thyroid hormone at birth or infancy where skeletal and nervous development is impeded and metabolic rates are possibly 40% below normal |
|
Definition
| cretinism or congenital hypothyroidism |
|
|
Term
| hyper secretion of glucocorticoids and causes excessive breakdown and relocation of lipid reserves and proteins forming moonfaced and buffalo hump |
|
Definition
|
|
