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| The eighteenth-century philosophical and cultural movement marked by the application of reason to human problems and affairs, a questioning of traditional beliefs and ideas, and an optimistic faith in unlimited progress for humanity, particularly through education. |
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| a group of European thinkers and writers who popularized the ideas of the Enlightenment through essays, novels, plays, and other works, hoping to change the climate of opinion and bring about social and political reform. |
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| a religion based on the idea that the universe was created by god and then left to run according to natural laws, without divine interference formulated and practiced in the eighteenth century |
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| a religious reform movement among german lutherans which stressed personal piety along with support for social programs for the poor part of the general religious ferment of western europe inthe late 1600's and early 1700's and a catalyst for the first great awakening in the british colonial america in the 1700's |
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| the period of religious revivalism among protestants that placed emphasis on a direct and personal relationship with God and undermined the traditional role and power of the established churches; centered mainly in the british american colonies during the 1730's and 1740's |
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| a group of writers, primarily french, who dealt with economic issues during the enlightenment in particular calling for improvd agricultural productivity and questioning the states role in economic affairs. |
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| an artisitic and cultural syle that grew out the Baroque style but that was more intimate and personal and emphasized the frivolous and siuperficial side of aristocratic life. |
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| in rococo style painting the theme or scene of aristocrats being entertained or simply enjoying leisure and other worldy pleasure |
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| in rococo design the stucco ornaments shaped like leaves, flowers, and ribbons that decorate walls and ceilings |
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| in the late eightneenth century an artisitic and literaty movement that emerged as a reaction to the Rococo style and that sought inspiration from ancient classicism. In the twentieth century, between 1919 and 1951, Neoclassicism in music was a style that rejected the emotionalism favored by romantic composerx as well as the dense orchestral sounds of the impressionists; instead it borrowed features from the seveteenth and eighteenth century music and practiced the ideals of balance, clarity, of texture and nonprogmmatic works. |
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| French , chinois, china. A style and taste inthe west for chinese culture, embracing the decorative arts and to a lesser extent, chinese writings most influential from1740 and 1770, but lingering wntil about 1850 |
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| a variation of the european Rococo, characterized by oriental shapes, materials, techniques and design elements. |
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| also known as half-tone. an early tyoe of color print, made with a metal plate, characterized by subtle gradations of shadings and clear definiton of line; developed in about 1650 in the netherlands. |
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| an eatly type of color print, made with ametal plate, which attempted to replicate the effect of water-color originated in the netherlands about 1650. The GOlden age of the aquaint was from about 1770 to 1850 the prints name derives from nitrous oxide a chemical used in the printmaking process. |
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| in philosophy the sense that onle ones self exists ot can be known. |
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| the idea that one event causes another, the relation between cause an effect. |
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| in rococo music, a style of music developed by french composers and characterized by graceful and simple melodies. |
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| a piano; dereived from the italian for 'soft/loud' terms used to describe the two types of sound emitted by stringed instrument whose wires are stuck with felt-covered hammers operated from a keyboard. |
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| classical style(in music) |
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| im music, an eighteenth century style that characterized by simplicity, proportion, and emphasis on structure |
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| musical form or structure consisting of three (sometimes four) sections that vary in key, tempo, and mood. |
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| a long and complex sonata, usually written in three or four movements, for large orchestras, the first movement is traditionally fast , the second slow, and the third/fourth is fast. |
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| in music, a tonal system consisting of seven tones in fixed relationship to a tonic, or keynote. since the renaissance, key has been structural foundation of the bulk of western music, down to the modernist point. |
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| in music the relative speed at which composition is to be played, indicated by a suggestive word or phrase or by a precise number such as a metronome marking. |
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| in music the emotional impact of a composition on the feelings of a listener. |
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| from italian for joke, a quick and lively instrumental composition or movement found in sonatas and symphonies. |
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| in music, a technique in which a musical idea is stated and the repeated in variant versions, with modifications or embellishments; used in independent works or as a single movement ina symphony, sonata or chamber work. |
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| in music, the quality of a sound, determined by the overtones; used for providing ocntrasts. |
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| in music, a lighthearted piece, intended to be performed outdoors in the evening; popular in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. |
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| in classical music form based on two french court dances of the same name dating from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries often paired in the third section of symphonies in the classical period. typically the minuet was 3/4 time and with a moderate tempo, while the trio provided contrast but had no standard form. |
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| an intellectual, artistic, and literally movement that began in the late eighteenth century as a creaction to neoclassicism and stressed the emotional, mysterious, and imaginative side of human behavior andf unruly side of nature. |
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| German storm and stress, a german literary movement of the 1770's that focused on themes of action, emotionalism, and the individuals revolt against the conventions of society. |
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| resembling the character Faust in Goethes most famous work, in being spiritually tormented, imsatiable for knowledge and experience, or willing to pay any price, including personal and spiritual integrity, to gain a desired end. |
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| in romanticismm, the term used to describe nature as terrifying and awesome force full of violence and power |
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| in music, a lyric song with melody performed by a singer and instrumental accompainment usually provided by piano, made popular by schubert in the nineteenth century. |
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| French,'fixed idea'; in music, a recurring musical theme that is associated with a person or a concept. |
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| johann wolfgang von goethe |
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| mary wollstonecraft shelley |
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| georg wilhelm friedrich hegel |
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| the doctrine set fourth in the social theory of jeremy bentham in the ninteenth century that the fianl goal of society and humans is 'the greatest good for the greatest number'. |
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| an economic and political system in which goods and property are owned collectively or by the state; the socialist movement began as a reaction to the excesses of the factory system in the ninteenth century and ultimately called for either reformin or abolishing indistrial capitalism. |
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| Historically, a nineteenth-century Protestant movement, mainly in the united states which grew out of the methodist tradition and emphasized personal piety and the working of the holy spirit. Evangelicalism dominated mainline Protestant America until about 1870. Today Evangelicalism is a term used for describing Protestants who emphasize fundamentalism, biblical inerrancy, and conservative social values. |
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| a nineteenth centruy AMerican Protestant movement, which came out of the Methodist tradition, emphasizing holy living and the need to be 'born again' as a true disciple of Jesus Christ; part of the fundamentalist movement after 1870. |
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| a rational approach to bible study, developed in German Protestant circles in the ninteenth century, that treated the biblical scriptures as literature and subjected them to close scrutiny, testing their literary history, authorship and meaning. |
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| the theory, set forth in the nineteenth century by Charles Darwin, that plants and animals, including humans, evolved over millions of years from simpler froms through a process of natural selection. |
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| in medieval philosophy the school that asserted that objects contained common or universal qualities that were nor always apparent to the human senses but that were more real or true than the objects physical attributes, opposed to Nomimalism. In art and literature, a nid-to-late nineteenth style that focused on the everyday lives of the lower and middle class, portraying their world in a serious, accurate, and unsentimental way; opposed romanticism. |
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| a literary and philosophical movement that emphasized the spiritual over the material, the metaphysical over the physical, and intuition over empiricism. Its central tenet identified God or the divine spirit with nautre,; popular inearly and mid-nineteenth-centruy new england. |
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| a literary genre, either written by slaves or to by slaves to secretaries; which emerged proior to the american civil war; the genre was launched by the 'Narrative of the life of Fredrick Douglas an american slave' |
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| by artists who were inspired by transcendentalism and the vastness of the west. they approached their work by consciously removing themselves from the painting. |
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| in music, an elaborat melody sung as a solo or sometimes a duet, usually in an opera or an oratorio, with an orchestral accompaniment. |
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| in italian; little book; the or words of an opera, an oratorio or musical work of a similiar dramatic nature involving a written text. |
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| in an opera where the music is continuous |
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| the use of recurring themes in music associated with particular characters, objects or ideas. |
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| musical term 'very softly' |
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| increase in volume in music |
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