Shared Flashcard Set

Details

MIddle Ear
Middle Ear Space
35
Audiology
Graduate
09/27/2016

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Cards

Term
What's the orange section?
[image]
Definition
Pars flaccida
Term
What's the pink section?
[image]
Definition
Pars Tensa
Term
What's the red part of the TM?
[image]
Definition
Malleolar Stria
Term
What's the green part of the TM?
[image]
Definition
Umbo
Term
What's the yellow part of the TM?
[image]
Definition
Cone of light
Term
TM innervated by (1) ___ branch of mandibular nerve – a branch of V, (2) ___ branch of X, and (3) ___ branch of IX
Definition
auriculotemporal; auricular; tympanic
Term
Air filled spaced within the temporal bone; irregularly shaped
Definition
tympanic cavity
Term
Tympanic Cavity: The ___ and the ___ are the most important walls; fairly thin layer of bone called the ___ tympani (comes from the word for roof)-separates the middle ear from the brain; important because a disease in the middle ear could easily travel to the ___
Definition
ceiling; floor; tegmen; brain
Term
Tympanic Cavity:
The floor of the ME-thin bone that separates the middle ear from the jugular fassa vein-called the ___ ___-middle ear disease/infection could infect the ___ through this
Definition
tympanic fondus; blood
Term
The ___ window opens into the inner ear; occupied by the footplate of the stapes
Definition
oval
Term
___ canal (Aqueduct of fallopius)-bony canal that the facial nerve runs through
Definition
Facial
Term
___ (pyramidal eminence)-opens below oval window and contains stapedius muscle
Definition
Pyramid
Term
The ___ window opens into the scala tympani (in the inner ear)
Definition
round
Term
The eustachian tube is lined with ___ ___
Definition
mucous membrane
Term
The eustachian tube is a narrow, flat tube; at rest it is ___; when you yawn, cough, sneeze, or swallow the eustachian tube ___; pops open about every ___; there are 3 muscles of the ___ that are attached to the eustachian tube
Definition
closed; opens; minute; palate
Term
The eustachian tube is more ___ in children than it is in adults which is part of the reason children get more ear infections
Definition
level (adults are more sloped)
Term
The ossicular chain forms a ___; creates a physical attachment between the ___ and the ___ and ___ windows
Definition
lever; TM; oval; round
Term
The ossicles are held in place by __ ligaments
Definition
5
Term
The 2 muscles of the ME:
-Tensor Tympani-Contracts the ___; innervated by the mandibular nerve of the ___ nerve
-Stapedius-pulls stapes ___; pulls it ___ from the oval window; pulls it into the ___ ___ space; keeps loud sound from reaching the inner ear (makes it softer); innervated by the ___ nerve
Definition
TM; trigeminal; posteriorly; away; middle ear; facial
Term
ME cavity supplied by 6 arteries – __ large (tympanic branch of the internal maxillary [TM], stylomastoid branch of the posterior auricular [posterior cavity, mastoid]) and __ small (petrosal branch of middle meningeal, a branch from the ascending pharyngeal, a branch from the artery of the pterygoid canal [accompanies the Eustachian tube], and the ___ branch of the internal carotid
Definition
2; 4; tympanic
Term
There are nerves that spider out over the tympanic membrane and those nerves include branches from the ___, ___, and ___ nerve
Definition
glossopharyngeal; facial; trigeminal
Term
The ossicular chain translates vibrations to the ___ window
Definition
oval
Term
Impedance matching helps overcome the ___ of air and fluid between the middle and inner ear
Definition
mismatch
Term
You can acquire a conductive hearing loss of __ dB if the ossicular chain doesn't work
Definition
30
Term
TM is __ times bigger than the oval window
Definition
14
Term
Ossicular Chain:
Changes in stiffness affect the ___ frequencies; changes in mass tend to affect the ___ frequencies
Definition
low; higher
Term
If you increase the intensity and/or the frequency the TM breaks up and vibrates at ___ times
Definition
different
Term
The ME is protected by ___ bone. The ME also serves as protection for the ___ ear
Definition
temporal; inner
Term
Resonance:
Outer Ear Resonance: __-__ dB of gain; ___-___ Hz; smaller cavities have a ___ frequency resonance and larger cavities have a ___ frequency resonance
Definition
10-15; 1500-7000; higher; lower
Term
Ear drum; division between the outer and middle ear; very thin; normally pearly grey; concaved shape; semi-translucent
Definition
Tympanic Membrane
Term
TM:
-1. ___ ___ ___
-2. outermost layer; heals pretty readily
-Between 3 and 4. Fibrous tissue. Mostly made up of collagen; hard to perforate
-5. Mucous membrane-lines the middle ear space
-6. ___ ___ ___
[image]
Definition
1. External Auditory Meatus
2. Cutaneous layer
3. Radiating layer of collagen fibers 4. Circular layer of collagen fibers
5. Simple cuboidal epithelium layer (mucosa)
6. ME cavity
Term
There are 3 muscles of the palate that are attached to the eustachian tube, what are they?
Definition
Levator veli palatini (used to ventilate the ET), tensor veli palatini, and salpingopharyngeus
Term
This muscle contracts the TM and is innervated by the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve
Definition
Tensor Tympani
Term
This muscle pulls the stapes posteriorly and away from the oval window. It also pulls it into the middle ear space and keeps loud sounds from reaching the inner ear (makes it softer). It is innervated by the facial nerve
Definition
Stapedius
Term
-The middle ear is most efficient at ___ Hz.
Definition
1000
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