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Definition
| characteristic that something has |
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| another name for a living thing |
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- use energy
- have at least one cell(DNA)
- they reproduce
- grow and develop
- have lifespans
- respond to their environment
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| the basic unit of life, makes up all living things |
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When one or two parents create offspring
(involves sperm and egg cells) |
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| involves one parent to produce offspring |
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| a trait that is usually inherited so that an organism can survive in its environment |
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| maintaining constant, steady conditions inside the body no matter what is happening outside the body. |
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| something that causes an organism to RESPOND in some way |
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| how an organism reacts to stimulus |
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| the amount of time an organism is expected to live |
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| the process that occurs in the mitochondria of cells, for respiration to occur. cells must have glucose and oxygen. |
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C6H12O6+O2>>>ENERGY+CO2+H2O
glucose+oxygen>>>ATP+Carbon Dioxide+Water |
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| the place where an organism lives |
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| the study of interactions between living things and the environment |
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| the water, air, and land on earth |
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| all living things and non-living things in a specific |
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| the number of organisms of the same species in a certain area |
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| the populations of all species living in an ecosystem |
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organisms that make their own food (Photosynthesis)
ex. Plants, algae, etc. |
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| organisms that can't make their own food and need to eat |
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| eat both plants and animals |
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| Decomposers (Saprophytes) |
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Definition
| break down dead material to release nutrients |
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Definition
| heterotrophs that must use a host organism for food and/or shelter. The parasite harms the host in some way. |
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| shows who eats whom and how energy is transferred from one organism to another |
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| several food chains linked together |
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Definition
| uses electrons to illuminate-1,000,000x |
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Definition
| multiply the eyepiece by the objective lens |
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| contains magnifying lenses you look through |
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| revolving nose piece, holds and turns the objective lens |
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| supports the microscope slide |
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| holds the microscope slide in place |
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| supports the body tube on the microscope |
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| provides support for the microscope |
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| sharpens the image under high magnification |
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| focuses the image under high magnification |
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| contains the lens with the lowest power magnification |
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| contains the lens with the highest magnification |
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| discovered cells in 1665 and made up the word "cell" |
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Definition
- All living things are made of cells
- All cells must come from other cells
- The cell is the basic unit of life
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Definition
| "brain of the cell", contains DNA |
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| acts like the "skin" of the cell, protects the cell |
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| the "blood" of the cell, holds the cells organelles("little organs") |
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| the organelle that releases ENERGY (ATP) for the cell and is where respiration occurs |
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| the "highway system" of the cell, transports materials from the cell |
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| tiny structures that build PROTEINS that cells need |
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| organelle that "packages" and "ships" materials that the cell needs |
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| organelle that produces chemicals to break down food and dead cell parts |
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| organelle that stores food, water, and waste |
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| organelle that traps sunlight so that plant cells can make food through photosynthesis |
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| pigment that gives plant cells the green color, helps with plant food production (photosynthesis) |
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Definition
| a type of cell without a nucleus, but it does have DNA |
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Definition
| a type of cell with a nucleus |
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DNA
(Deoxyribonucleicacid) |
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Definition
| the #blueprint# for all life, meaning that it contains instructions to making living things |
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Definition
| She created "Photo 51" which showed that DNA is a double helix |
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Definition
| showed the shape of DNA produced by Rosalind Franklin using an x-ray camera |
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| James Watson and Francis Crick |
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Definition
| scientists that recieved credit for "discovering" the shape of DNA in the 1950's, they won the nobel piece prize |
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| they create the "steps" or "rungs" of the DNA ladder |
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Definition
nitrogen base
*will always be with Thymine |
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nitrogen base
*always paired with Adenine |
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nitrogen base
*will always pair with cytosine |
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nitrogen base
*always paired with Guanine |
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| the twisted ladder shape of the DNA |
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| a bundle or package of DNA, means "colored body" |
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located on a chromosome and determines traits
*Humans have 25,000-30,000 genes! |
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Definition
| forms when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell |
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Heterozygous
(different and refers to zygote) |
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Definition
| describes when parents donate different forms of a gene(alleles) to the zygote |
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Term
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Definition
| describes when parents donate the same form of a gene(allele) to the zygote |
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Definition
| tool that can be used to determine the probability of certain traits appearing in offspring |
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| a change in DNA. The change can be helpful at times, harmful or neutral |
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Definition
| the method that body cells use to reproduce, very similiar to fission |
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Definition
| is basically "cell reproduction gone wild" or mitosis "out of control" |
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Definition
| method of sex cells (sperm & egg) use to reproduce. After meiosis, there will be 4 sex cells that have half the chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for a body cell. It has twice as many chromosomes as a haploid (sex cell) |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for a sex cell. It has half the chromosome # of body cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| made up of DNA (genes), is inherited from parents and cannot be seen by looking at an organism |
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Term
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Definition
| it's the expression of the genotype. It's the trait that can be seen by looking at an organism |
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Definition
| the gene that "covers up", "masks", or "hides" the recessive gene. We use a capital letter to represent it. |
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Definition
| the gene that is "covered up", "masked", or "hidden" by the dominant gene. |
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Definition
| asexual reproduction where a parent organism divides into two identical offspring |
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Definition
| asexual reproduction where the offspring grow off the body of a parent |
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Definition
| asexual reproduction where offspring can grow from a piece or part of the parent. It also can mean the ability to grow back missing body parts. |
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Term
Parthenogenesis
"Virgin birth" |
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Definition
| asexual reproduction where a female can produce offspring from un-fertilized eggs |
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Definition
| when two parent individuals produce offspring, requires sperm and egg cells |
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Definition
| an organism that has both male and female reproductive parts. |
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Virus
(comes from latin word meaning poison) |
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Definition
| incredibly tiny particles made up of DNA and protein, needs to invade living cells to reproduce |
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| created the first "safe" vaccine for small pox in 1796 |
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Definition
| a "shot" that helps prevent diseases viral and some bacterial |
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Definition
| a drug(medicine) used to treat bacterial diseases |
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Definition
| the "demon" refers to the small pox virus that is stored in a freezer at the CDC |
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Definition
| when terrorists use disease causing organism as weapons to create fear and panic in people plus kill them |
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| Centers for Disease Control, located in Atlanta, Ga. |
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Definition
| special machine that helped polio victims breathe |
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| six biological weapons that cause the greatest concern and are being "watched" by the U.S. |
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Definition
| something that can cause a disease |
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Definition
| a disease that spreads quickly within a specific area and infects lots of people |
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| occurs when a disease spreads around the world |
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