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Mid-Term Flash Cards
Mid-Term Flash Cards - Grade 8
70
Social Studies
8th Grade
01/17/2013

Additional Social Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
working conditions at mills
Definition
  • suffered from health problems
  • unsafe conditions
  • long hours
Term
Alamo
Definition
Battle during the Texas Revolution in which all defenders were killed
Term
Ended American fur trading in the west
Definition
Beaver fur went out of fashion and demand fell
Term
provided easier access to workers
Definition
Companies built their factories closer to cities and transportation centers in the mid 1800s
Term
Clermont
Definition
Fulton's first full-sized commercial steamboat
Term
Embargo Act
Definition
International trade was banned
Term
"Rip Van Winkle" - message
Definition
Learn from the past and be cautious of the future
Term
Gibbons v. Ogden
Definition
Supreme Court case about interstate trade
Term
Adams-Onis Treaty
Definition
The United States would receive control of East Florida from Spain in return for U.S. claims to what is now Texas
Term
Empresarios
Definition
agents who brought settlers to Texas
Term
Missouri Compromise
Definition
an equal balance of free and slave states was maintained
Term
Ancient Greece and Rome
Definition

based on some of the same political ideals as the new American nation

 

 

reason why US architecture is based on Ancient Greece and Rome

Term
California
Definition
became eligible for statehood due to  the population boom because of "gold fever"
Term
John Deere
Definition
came up with the idea for a steel plow
Term
Eli Whitney
Definition
came up with the idea of interchangeable parts
Term
Tariff of Abominations
Definition
caused the Nullification Crisis - (said states could ignore federal laws if they said that they were unconstitutional)
Term
Californios
Definition
colonists living in California
Term
Morse Code
Definition
communication system featuring different combinations of dots and dashes to represent letters, developed by Alfred Lewis Vail
Term
President Monroe
Definition
concerned when Mexico became independent from Spain because he thought that European powers would try to colonize newly independent Latin American countries
Term
12th amendment
Definition
created a separate ballot for vice president and president
Term
Sequoya
Definition
created a writing system for the Cherokee Language
Term
Stephen F. Austin
Definition
empresario who founded a colony on the lower Colorado River in 1822
Term
Benefit of the Transportation Revolution
Definition
enabled goods to travel more quickly across the United States
Term
telegraph's significance
Definition
enabled people to send news quickly from coast to coast
Term
Treaty of Ghent
Definition
ended the War of 1812
Term
Convention of 1818
Definition
established a border between the United States and Canada extending to the Rocky Mountains
Term
Marbury v. Madison
Definition
established the Supreme Court's power to check the other branches of government (judicial review)
Term
Voting Rights
Definition
expanded by extending suffrage (voting rights) to more white males
Term
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Definition
explored the Louisiana Purchase to learn about the plants and animals of the West, and to FIND A RIVER ROUTE TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN
Term
Cumberland Road
Definition
first U.S. road built by the federal government
Term
Trail of Tears
Definition
forced 800 mile forced march that the Cherokee made in the removal from Georgia
Term
Sarah G. Bagley
Definition
fought for a 10 hour work day for private employees
Term
Transcontinental Railroad
Definition
gave Califonia's economy the means to grow by connecting the state to the rest of the country
Term
forty-niners
Definition
gold seekers from America and abroad who migrated to California
Term
Hudson River School
Definition
group of artists whose paintings reflected national pride and an appreciation for the American landscape
Term
the North
Definition
had more textile mills because there were more rivers
Term
Rhode Island System
Definition
hiring families and dividing factory work into simple tasks
Term
Isaac Singer
Definition
his company was the the largest makers of sewing machines, 1860
Term
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - 1848
Definition
increased the size of the United States by almost 25%
Term
mechanical reaper
Definition
invented by Cyrus McCormick
Term
Richard Arkwright
Definition
invented the water frame
Term
allowed farmers to plant and harvest huge crop fields
Definition
inventions like the plow and reaper
Term
Child Labor
Definition
kept the costs of running a mill low
Term
Rush-Bagot Agreement
Definition
limit naval power on the Great Lakes
Term
Tom Thumb
Definition
locomotive credited with spreading railroad fever
Term
Samuel Slater
Definition
man, from Britain, responsibe for bringing new textile machines to the United States
Term
Francis Cabott Lowell's new system - Lowell Mill
Definition
more women became mill workers because of the opportunity to earn better wages then most available jobs
Term
Mormons
Definition
moved west to seek religious freedom
Term
Louisiana Purchase
Definition

nearyly doubled the size of the United States

 

purchased from France

Term
Manifest Destiny
Definition
obvious fate that Americans will expand west
Term
Trade union
Definition
organization of workers who tried to improve working conditions and pay for its members
Term
Industrial Revolution
Definition
period of rapid growth during which machines became essential to industry
Term
Northeast
Definition
place where most industry was located in the mid 1800s
Term
Washington Irving
Definition
popularized satire
Term
Battle of New Orleans
Definition
prevented the British from taking control of the Mississippi River during the War of 1812
Term
Coal
Definition
produced more energy than wood
Term
Transportation Revolution
Definition
rapid growth in the speed and convenience of travel
Term
Newly independent Latin American Nations
Definition
reminded American leaders of their struggles for independence
Term
Spoils System
Definition
rewarding supporters with government jobs
Term
Transportation Revolutons effect on farming
Definition
settlers plowed up prairies and cut down trees to make farmland out of the midwest
Term
Water Frame
Definition
shifted the location of production of cloth from homes to textile mills
Term
inventions during the Transportation Revolution
Definition
steam-powered train and steamboat
Term
Gibbons v. Ogden
Definition

supreme court case about interstate trade

 

Supreme Court decided that Gibbons' federal license had had priority over Ogden's state sicense

Term
War of 1812's effect on manufacturing in the United States...
Definition
Manufacturing increased, govt made uniforms and weapons
Term
judicial review
Definition
the power of the judiciary to declared an act of congress unconstitutional
Term
Oregon Trail
Definition
took 6 months to travel
Term
technology
Definition
tools used to produce items or do work
Term
Steamboat
Definition
traveled well upstream
Term
Mountain Men
Definition
western fur traders and trappers
Term
War Hawks
Definition
young members of Congress that called for a trade war against Britain
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