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| The sum total of all processes in a n organism which convert energy and matter from outside sources and use that energy and matter to sustain the organism's life functions. |
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| The sum total of all processes in an organism which use energy and simple chemical building blocks to produce large chemicals and structures necessary for life. |
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| The sum total of all processes in an organism which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks. |
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| The process by which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of sunlight and simple chemicals to produce their own food. |
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| Organisms that eat only plants. |
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| Organisms that eat only organisms other than plants. |
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| Organisms that eat both plants and other organisms. |
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| Organisms that produce their own food. |
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| Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food. |
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| Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms. |
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| Organisms that are able to make their own food. |
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| Organisms that depend on other organisms for their food. |
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| Special structures that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their internal or external environment. |
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| Reproduction accomplished by a single organism. |
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| Reproduction that requires two organisms. |
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| The process by which physical and biological characteristics are transmitted from the parent to the offspring. |
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| An abrupt and marked change in the DNA of an organism compared to that of its parents. |
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| An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question. |
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| A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data. |
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| A theory that has been tested by and is consistent with generations of data. |
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| Living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye. |
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| The idea that very long ago, simple life forms spontaneously appeared through chemical reactions. |
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| A cell that has no distinct, membrane-bounded organelles. |
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| A cell with distinct, membrane bounded organelles. |
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| A unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are reproductively isolated from other such units. |
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| The science of classifying organisms. |
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| Naming an organism with its genus and species name. |
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| An organism that causes disease. |
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| An organism that feeds on dead matter. |
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| An organism that feeds on a living host. |
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| An organism that requires oxygen. |
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| An organism that does not require oxygen. |
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| A state in which members of a population die as quickly as new members that are born. |
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| Population growth that is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an ever-increasing population. |
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| Population growth that is controlled by limited resources. |
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| A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer. |
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| A small, circular section of extra DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced separately from the main bacterial genetic code. |
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Definition
| The transfer of a DNA segment from a nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell. |
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Definition
| The process in which infection by a virus results in DNA being transferred from one bacterium to another. |
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| The DNA and other essential parts of a bacterium coated with several hard layers. |
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| Organisms from the same species that have markedly different traits. |
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Definition
| To negotiate what materials pass into and out of the cell. |
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Definition
| To move the bacterium from place to place. |
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Definition
| To adhere to surfaces as well as to ward off infection-fighting agents. |
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| To store the information needed to make an organism a living thing. |
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| To hold the DNA and ribosomes in place. |
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| To keep the interior of the cell together and to hold the cell's shape. |
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| To grasp onto surfaces or another bacterium during conjugation. |
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| A temporary, foot-like extension of a cell, used for locomotion or engulfing food. |
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| The region of a eukaryotic cell that contains the cell's main DNA. |
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| A membrane bounded "sac" within a cell. |
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| The thin, watery cytoplasm near the plasma membrane of some cells. |
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| The dense cytoplasm found in the interior of many cells. |
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| A protozoan that propels itself with a flagellum. |
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| A firm, flexible coating outside the plasma membrane. |
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| An organelle containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis. |
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| A pigment necessary for photosynthesis. |
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| A light-sensitive region in certain protozoa. |
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| A close relationship between two or more species where at least one benefits. |
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| A relationship between two or more organisms of different species where all benefit from the association. |
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| A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited. |
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| A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed. |
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| Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion. |
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| A reproductive cell with a hard protective coating. |
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| Tiny organisms that float in the water. |
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| Tiny floating photosynthetic organisms, primarily algae. |
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| The body of a plant-like organism that is not divided into leaves, roots, or stems. |
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| A substance made of sugars that is common in the cell walls of many organisms. |
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| A special structure used by an organism to anchor itself. |
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| A colony that uses holdfasts to anchor itself to an object. |
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| Digestion that takes place outside of the cell. |
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| The part of the fungus responsible for extracellular digestion and absorption of the digested food. |
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