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Mid term Richards
study guide for Richards mid-term
39
Biology
9th Grade
01/08/2012

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Term
Scientific Method
Definition
Finding a problem, doing research, form a hypothesis, test, repeat until consensus forms
Term
Bar Graphs are best used for...
Definition
comparing and contrasting
Term
Line graphs are best used for...
Definition
showing data over time
Term
What are the primary uses of carbohydrates?
Definition
Short term energy
Term
What are the primary uses of proteins?
Definition
Builds structure in hair, teeth and bones
Term
What are the primary uses of lipids?
Definition
Long term energy
Term
What are the primary uses of nucleic acids?
Definition
They store information for the cell
Term
What are the primary uses of enzymes?
Definition
They speed up chemical reacitons without getting used up.
Term
Diagram a generic enzymatic reaction
Definition
Substrate + enzyme = product enzymes = product + enzymes
Term
What is osmosis?
Definition
The movement from a low to high salinity solution.
Term
What happens to plant/animal cells in a hypotonic solution?
Definition
Salt rushes into the cell causing it to explode.
Term
What happens to a plant/animal cell in a hypertonic solution?
Definition
Water leaves the cell, causing the cell to shrival and die.
Term
What is a hypotonic solution?
Definition
Less concentrated solution
Term
What is a hypertonic solution?
Definition
More concentrated solution
Term
What is an isotonic solution?
Definition
Equally concentrated solution
Term
What happens to plant/animal cells in an isotonic solution?
Definition
Concentration is equally concentrated, allowing the cell to perform normal operations.
Term
What is diffusion?
Definition
When molocules move to a higher area of concentration.
Term
What is a virus?
Definition
An organisim that injects its DNA into a cell to reproduce.
Term
What is a host cell?
Definition
A cell that virus has used to reproduce.
Term
What is a prokaryote?
Definition
A cell that lacks a membrane and nucleus.
Term
What is a eurkaryote?
Definition
A cell with a membrane and a nucleus. (plant and animal cells)
Term
What is the difference between a prokaryote and a eurkaryote?
Definition
A prokaryote lacks a nucleus and a membrane while a eurkaryote has them.
Term
What is a cell membrane?
Definition
The thin layer around cells. It has pours that regulate what goes in and out of the cell.
Term
What is a cell wall?
Definition
A stiff outer layer surrounding the cell. (only found in plant cells)
Term
What is a nucleus?
Definition
A large organelle in the center of the cell. Contains the DNA for the cell.
Term
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
Definition
A cell membrane, site of protein synthesis.
Term
What is a golgi body?
Definition
"the post office" of the cell; decides where to send information to in the cell.
Term
What is mitochondrion?
Definition
The create ATP for the cell - which is later used as energy.
Term
What is chloroplast?
Definition
Site of protein synthesis; only in plant cells; used for photosynthesis.
Term
What is a ribosome?
Definition
Made in the nucleolis; site of protein systhesis
Term
What is a nucleolis?
Definition
The part of the nucleus where ribosomes are produced.
Term
What is the primary difference between plant and animal cells?
Definition
A plant cell has a cell wall, a large central vaculoe and chloroplast.
Term
What is anaerobic respiration?
Definition
The way in which plants cells release oxygen.
Term
What is photosynthesis?
Definition
The process in which plants make their own food from light.
Term
What is the difference bewteen aerobic and anerobic respiration?
Definition
Aerobic is with oxygen. Anaerobic is without oxygen.
Term
Name the safety procedures and the symbol
Definition
Googles: image of glasses
Sharp: image of blade
Poison: image of skull inside a triangle
Wet: image of water drops
Physical Activities:image of sliding person
Term
What effect does high temperture have on an enzyme?
Definition
Causes the enzyme to speed up, however if to hot, the enzyme uses all it's energy and dies
Term
What effect does low temperture have on a low enzyme?
Definition
Causes the enzyme to slow down.
Term
What are the shapes of viuses?
Definition
Helical, Polyhedral, Enveloped, Binal (complex)
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