Term
2 kingdoms of bacteria
-cell wall content
-similarities
-ancestors to eukaryotes |
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Definition
Eubacteria
-live everywhere
-have cell wall
-cell membrane
-wall made up of peptidoglycan
Archaebacteria
-live in harsh environments
-lack peptidoglycan but have cell wall
-DNA similar to eukaryotes (ancestors) |
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| 2 ways bacteria produce disease |
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Definition
-break down cells and use for food
-release toxins that interfere with natural activity of host |
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| How can bacteria be controlled? |
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Definition
| Sterilization and disinfectants |
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Term
| What is the structure of a virus? |
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Definition
| particles of nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) surrounded by a protein coat (capsid) |
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| virus enters cell, makes copies of itself using host cell and causes cell to burst |
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| Virus integrates DNA into NDA of host cell and replicates along with host cell's DNA. virus DNA embedded in hosts DNA is called PROPHAGE |
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-viruses that contain RNA for genetic information
-genetic information copied backwards
-cause cancer and aids in humans |
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HOST-body that houses another organism
>>>human<<<
RESERVOIR- site, alternate host or carrier that harbors pathogenic organisms (original source of infection)
>>>cow<<<
VECTOR- living organism that transfers an infective agent from one host to another.
>>>mosquito<<< |
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Term
| 2 virus like structures (viroids and prions) |
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Definition
viroids-single stranded RNA, dont have capsid and infect plants
prions-contain no DNA or RNA but do contain protein. can affect humans. Cause disease by forming protein clumps and cells become damaged. |
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Term
| ways for disease agents to enter/exit body |
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Definition
mucous membranes-respiratory, urinary
skin-cuts bleeds
mouth and nose (exit) |
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Term
| ways for diseases to be transmitted |
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Definition
direct contact-touching and kissing
indirect contact-food, air, gloves
droplet or airborn-caugh, sneeze, spit on
food or water-contaminated food or food handler |
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| what are emerging diseases |
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Definition
have occured previously but only in small groups of population
-are just recently recognized due to infectious agent |
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| what are emerging diseases resulting from? |
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Definition
| adaption and resistant treatments, human susceptibility, and weakening immune systems. changing technology with air conditioning and mass food production |
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