Term
How is specific immunity defined? |
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Definition
- Its varies from person to peron
- It is aquired
- Involves T & B lymphocytes and Macrophages
- Specific to certian forgien substances (not general)
- Host must have prior contact with MO (exposure)
- Protection or Immunity from future exposure often occurs (Memory)
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Term
| What are the components of the specific immune system? |
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Definition
- Lymphocytes
- Lymphoid tissues
- Bone marrow, tonsils, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes
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Term
| How do T and B lymphocytes develop? |
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Definition
- Develop before birth in stem cells in red bone marrow.
- T lymphocytes mature in Thymus gland
- B lymphocytes mature in red bone marrow
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Term
| What is meant by immunocompentency? |
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Definition
- At birth with we have a corresponding (match) T or B lymphocyte for every antigen (foreign substance) that we could ever encounter.
- B cell or T cell are mature and can recognize antigens and allow a person to mount an immune response.
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Term
| What are the characteristics of antigens? |
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Definition
- Any foreign substance that stimulates an immune response in the host. Recognized as foreign.
- Usually are macromolecules
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Term
| Where are antigens located? |
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Definition
- Free in tissue / blood
- They are part of the surface of cells and viruses
- Bacteria, yeasts, virsuses, transplanted tissues
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Term
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Definition
| The surface of our cells / hosts cells also have antigens that are recognized by the immune system but does not reject them. |
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Term
| What is the antigenic determinent or Epitope? |
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Definition
- It is a specific outer part of the antigen marcomolecule.
- The immune response is directed to the epitope.
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Term
| What are the two properties of antigens? |
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Definition
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- Capacity of Ag to stimulate the immune system
- Immunogencity or Antigencity
- Specific Binding
- Capacity of the Ag to bind to a specific Ab (Antibody)
- Ag (foriegn) - Ab (host)
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Term
| What are good and bad antigens? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three characteristics of self antigens? |
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Definition
- Seen as normal by the host IS
- Genetically determined
- Unique to each person
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Term
| What is the MHC (Major Histocompatability Complex)? |
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Definition
- Cluster of genes on chromosome 6
- Encode the production of self antigens
- Found on every human cell
- Define or identify each human's cells
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Term
| What are the two classes of MHC antigens? |
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Definition
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- Molecules found on all nucleated cells
- Class I Antigens
- Class II Antigens
- Molecules found on Macrophages and B lymphocytes
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Term
| What are the five characteristics of antibodies? |
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Definition
- They are specific proteins
- Formed by the IS during IR with presence of Ag
- Specific to Ag
- Also called Immunoglobulins (Igs)
- Each Ab has at least two Ag binding sites that bind to Ag epitopes
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Term
| What are the five components of the Ab structure? |
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Definition
- Monomer
- Heavy and Light chains (made of amino acids)
- Constant region (Fc region)(Binds Complement)
- Variable region (Binds Antigens)
- Binding Sites
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