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Microbiology
Viruses-3
22
Biology
Undergraduate 1
07/15/2007

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Term
oncogenesis: what is it
Definition
initiators of cancer
mass producing
can cause tumors
caused by a binding of a piece of the viral dna to the nucleus of the host
Term
oncogenes
Definition
regulate cellular genomes
Term
reverse transcriptase
Definition
comes packaged with each virus particle
synthesizes a single stranded dna against the viral rna template and then directs the formation of a complementary strand of its ssdna resulting in a doiuble strand of viral dna
Term
cytopathic effects
Definition
virus-induced damage to the cell that alters its microscopic appearance
Term
what is common to see in a damaged cell(due to virions)
Definition
inclusion bodies, or compacted masses of viruses or damaged cell organelles in nucleus or cytoplasm
Term
synctia
Definition
fusion of multiple host cells into single large cels containing multiple nuclei
Term
what are persistant infections
Definition
a type of infection in which the virus is carried by the host cell yet the host cell is not destroyed
Term
name a few viruses that are usually in a chronic latent state in which they periodically become reactivated
Definition
hpv-herpes zoster virus(chickenpox & shingles)
Term
what are the oncogenic effects on the host cell termed?
Definition
transformation
Term
oncoviruses?
Definition
mammalian viruses capable of initiating tomors
Term
who were bacterial viruses discovered by
Definition
twort and herelle
Term
what type of dna do most phages contain
Definition
double stranded dna
Term
the most widely studied bacteriophage
Definition
e. coli
Term
lyses
Definition
host cell splits open
Term
temperate phages
Definition
undergo adsorption and penetration into the bacterial host but are not replicated or released immediately
Term
what do temperate phages do instead of replication
Definition
enter inactive prophage state during which it is inserted into the bacterial chromosome
Term
lysogeny
Definition
host chromosome carries bacteriophage dna
Term
induction
Definition
process in which the prophage in a lysogenic cell will be activated and progress directly into viral replication and the lytic cycle
Term
when a bacterium acquires a new trait from its temperate phage?
Definition
lysogenic conversion
Term
what bacteria was lysogenic conversion discovered in?
Definition
corynebacterium diptheriae
Term
transduction
Definition
phages serve as transporters of bacterial genes from one bacterium to another and can play a profound role in bacterial genetics
Term
prions
Definition
dinstinct portein fibrils in teh brain tissue
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