Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Microbiology
USMLE Microbiology
29
Medical
Professional
01/19/2008

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Ribavirin

Definition
Antiviral drug. Prevents nucleotide biosynthesis
Term
Acyclovir
Definition
Antiviral drug. Inhibits DNA Polymerase. Used to treat Herpes virus
Term
Ganciclovir
Definition

Antiviral drug. Inhibtis DNA Polymerase. Used to treat CMV virus.

Term
Nevirapine
Definition
Is an Anti-viral drug. Used to block reverse transcriptase
Term
Interferon
Definition

Antiviral drug. Inhibits Protein Synthesis

Term
Ritonavir
Definition
Antiviral drug. Protease inhibitor. Inhibits Assembly of virus
Term
Zanamivir
Definition
Antiviral drug. Inhibits Release. Blocks Neuraminidase or hemagluttinin. Only for enveloped virus. As non-enveloped virus just lyse cell.
Term
Which viruses use reverse transcriptase?
Definition
HIV and Hepatitis B
Term
Amphotericin B, Nystatin
Definition

Anti Fungal Drug.

Part of Polyenes family.

Makes Pores next to Ergosterol - ion leakage

 

Term
Ketoconazole, Fluconazole
Definition

Anti Fungal Drug

Part of Azole Family

Blocks demethylation of Ergosterol

Term
Caspofungin
Definition

Anti Fungal Drug

Part of Echinocadin family

Blocks synthesis of Glucan components

Term
Flucytosine
Definition

Anti Fungal Drug

Part of Base Analogs Family

Blocks RNA function.

Blocks DNA synthesis

Narrow spectrum Anti fungal drug

Term
Are Antifungal drugs highly selective for targets?
Definition
No. As Fungi are eukaryotes as well. Exception is Ergosterol. Humans dont have Ergosterol.
Term
 
Limitations of Antiparasitc Drugs
Definition
Low selective toxicity due to eukaryotic nature of organisms
Cuticles limit effectiveness, require
   prolong administration of drug
Complex life cycles with multiple developmental
stages of many parasites may require more than one antiparasitic drug
Term
 
Chloroquine
Definition

Anti-parasitic drug. Inhibits DNA Replication

 

Animoquinoline analogues family
Interfere with DNA replication; hemoglobin digestion
(Quinolone does same thing but for Bacteria)
Term
Pentamidine
Definition

Anti parasitic Drug. Inhibits DNA Replication

 

Part of Diamidine family

 

Binds DNA

Term
Metronidazole
Definition

Anti parasitic Drug. Inhibits DNA replication

 

Part of Nitroimidazole family

 

Inhibits synthesis of DNA

Term
Pyrimethamine
Definition

Anti parasitic Drug

 

Ihibits Folic acid biosynthesis

 

(Trimethaprin and Sulfamethaxazole do the same but for bacteria)

Term
Paramomycin
Definition

Anti parasitic Drug.

 

Inhibits Protein Synthesis

 

Binds to ribosome

Term
Mebendazole
Definition

Anti parasitic Drug

 

Part of Benzimidazole family

 

Disrupts tranport by inhibiting glucose transport and fumurate reductase and disrupts microtubules.

 

Term
Piperazine
Definition

Anti parasitic Drug

 

Inhibits Neuromuscular action

 

GABA Antagonist , stimulates phagocytisis

Term
Ivermectin
Definition

Anti parasitic Drug

 

Avermectin family

 

Block neuromuscular action.

 

GABA antagonist

Term
Efflux mechanism is used as resistance to drugs by which class of organisms?
Definition
Bacteria and Parasites
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