Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "a prokaryotic cell; has a single circular chromosome, 70S ribosomes, no nuclear membrane, no cytoplasmic organelles; characterized based on cell wall structure (peptidoclycan) and gram reactions" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organism that belongs to the Kingdom Fungi; a eukaryotic absorptive chemoheterotroph. plural: fungi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unicellular eukaryotic organisms; usually chemoheterotrophic. plural: protozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the idea that life could arise spontaneously from nonliving matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| laboratory techniques used to minimize contamination (germ-free) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the principle that microorganisms cause disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "A substance, such as penicillin or streptomycin, produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. Antibiotics are widely used in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The scientific study of parasitism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of viruses and viral diseases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "1. The branch of biology that deals with the formation, structure, and function of macromolecules essential to life, such as nucleic acids and proteins, and especially with their role in cell replication and the transmission of genetic information. 2. The branch of biology that deals with the manipulation of DNA so that it can be sequenced or mutated. If mutated, the DNA is often inserted into the genome of an organism to study the biological effects of the mutation." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Normal flora are those not-typically-disease-causing microorganisms normally found in and on healthy individuals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the first name of the scientific name (binomial); the taxon between family and species. plural: genera |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organisms whose cells do not have a nucleus in which DNA is housed and which lack many of the organelles found in more advanced cells. The kingdom of Monera or Prokaryotae is composed of single-celled prokaryotes. (Compare eukaryotes.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A single-celled or multicellular organism whose cells contain a distinct membrane-bound nucleus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Any of various simple submicroscopic parasites of plants, animals, and bacteria that often cause disease and that consist essentially of a core of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat. Unable to replicate without a host cell, viruses are typically not considered living organisms." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The principle that living organisms develop only from other living organisms and not from nonliving matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "The anaerobic conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast (Pasteur) The enzymatic degradation of carbohydrates in which the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule, ATP is sythesized by substrate-level phosphorylations and O2 is not required." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| criteria used to determine the causative agent of infectious diseases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of the genes of all organisms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Genetically engineered DNA prepared by transplanting or splicing genes from one species into the cells of a host organism of a different species. Such DNA becomes part of the host's genetic makeup and is replicated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Practical applications of microbiology. The use of microorganisms, such as bacteria or yeasts, or biological substances, such as enzymes, to perform specific industrial or manufacturing processes. Applications include the production of certain drugs, synthetic hormones, and bulk foodstuffs as well as the bioconversion of organic waste and the use of genetically altered bacteria in the cleanup of oil spills." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a. The capacity of an organism to defend itself against a disease. b. The capacity of an organism or a tissue to withstand the effects of a harmful environmental agent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus - A retrovirus that causes AIDS by infecting helper T cells of the immune system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the second or species name in a scientific binomial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prokaryotic cells lacking peptidoglycan; one of the three domains. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "a photosynthetic eukaryote; may be unicellular, filamentous, or mutlicellular but lack the tissues found in plants. plural: algae" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a parasitic roundworm or flatworm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all living organisms are composed of cells and arise from preexisting cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of mild heating to kill particular spoilage microorganisms or pathogens. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the body's defense against particular pathogenic microorganisms; also called specific resistance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How microbes inherit traits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To replace missing or defective genes in human cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Disease causes by viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and prions." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhalation anthrax is a form of anthrax infection that affects the lungs and respiratory system. Without treatment the condition can be fatal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Emerging Infectious Diseases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the final and most serious stage of the disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus. Symptoms begin when an HIV-positive person presents a CD4-cell (also called T cell, a type of immune cell) count below 200. AIDS happens concurrently with numerous opportunistic infections and tumors that are normally associated with the HIV infection." |
|
|
