Term
| A phage establish lysogeny |
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Definition
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Term
Animal viruses
Host range |
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Definition
Restricted to a single species
may cross species barriers within a single kingdom
may be restricted to certain tissue types within a species |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| +ssRNA retroviruses use ________________ molecules to direct the synthesis of mRNA |
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Definition
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Term
| Do Animal viruses have an envelope? |
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Definition
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Term
| Bacteriophage that can integrate its genome into the host chromosome and not lysis of the host cell for some time is said to be |
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Definition
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Term
Viral infectious cycle
which stage do envelope viruses acquire their envelopes? |
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Definition
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Term
Virus
use RNA as its genome |
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Definition
e.g.
Poliovirus
Influenza virus
Rabies virus
HIV |
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Term
Virus
not use RNA as its genome |
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Definition
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Term
| Bring in a virion-associated RNA polymerase when it infects host cells |
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Definition
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Term
A classification
based on evolutionary relationship |
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Definition
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Term
Organisms:
multicellular/unicellular eukaryotes
cell walls
absorptive nutrition |
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Definition
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Term
Group of organisms:
unicellular
photosynthetic
eukaryotic |
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Definition
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Term
dinoflagellates
responsible for |
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Definition
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Term
Rhizopus stolonifer ( bread mold)
belongs to |
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Definition
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Term
Ascomycota
structures have... |
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Definition
hyphae
an ascus
cells undergoing meiosis
a haploid mycelium |
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Term
| Fungi may form mutualistic associations with |
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Definition
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Term
Pathogens:
the normal microbiota of the human body become pathogenic and produce disease under certain circumstances |
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Definition
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Term
| an inanimate ( non-living) objects involved in disease transmission |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the frequency of the total number of individuals infected in the population |
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Definition
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Term
Type of transmission:
suspended organisms travelled over a meter or more form the reservoir to the host |
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Definition
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Term
| __% of all hospital patients acquire some type of nosocomial infection |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| obligate intracellular parasites |
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Term
| Causative agent of cholera |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
resistant to penicillin
susceptible to lysis by osmotic shock
lacking peptidoglycan |
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Term
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Definition
| closely resemble the fungi in growth pattern and ecological niche |
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Term
| E.coli is most related to |
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Definition
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Term
| The time that lapses between the initial encounter with a pathogen and the first appearance of symptoms |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| aerobic photoysynthesizers |
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Term
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Definition
Gram negative
non-photosynthetic
spiral
an axial filament |
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Term
Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology:
What characterisitics are used to classify bacteria? |
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Definition
Cellular morphology
oxygen requirements
gram stain reaction
acid fast stain reaction |
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Term
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Definition
not considered alive
not assigned to any kingdom
viral species are defined as populations that have similar characteristics |
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Term
| Members of normal microbiota |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the causative agent of leprosy |
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Term
| The causative agent of leprosy is most phylogenetically related to which other genus? |
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Definition
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Term
| This aerobic diplococcus causes gonorrhea |
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Definition
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Term
Division Pyrrophyta:
produces |
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Definition
| neurotoxins and "red tides" |
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Term
HIV:
The virion contains... |
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Definition
| the enzyme reverse transcriptase |
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Term
Morphology:
Bacteriophages |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Polio
Ebola Fever
Rebies
Influenza |
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Term
Bacteriophages:
Only replicate via the lytic cycle |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Papovaviridae
Retroviridae
Poxviridae
Herpesviridae |
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Term
| Viral families carry their genome as RNA |
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Definition
Retroviridae
Picornaviridae
Rhabdoviridae |
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Term
Viral family:
Small viruses that carry their genomes as RNA |
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Definition
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Term
| Proviruses, unlike prophages |
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Definition
| never excise themselves from the host DNA |
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Term
| Life cycle of Rhabdoviridae |
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Definition
| (+) strands are translated to make capsid proteins and RNA dependent RNA polymerase |
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Term
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Definition
examples of complex viruses with a polyhedral head
during penetration stage of a T-even phage, phage DNA enters the cell but the capsid stays outside
The multiplication cycle of T-even phages always ends with the lysis and death of the host cell |
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Term
Divisions:
produce sexual spores |
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Definition
Basidiomycota ("club fungi")
Acomycoa ("sac fungi")
Zygomycota
Chrysophyta |
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Term
Families of Viruses:
express their genetic info as RNA at some stages in their replication cylces |
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Definition
Retroviridae
Papovaviridae
Bacteriophages
Pincornaviridae |
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Term
Families of Viruses:
express their genetic info as RNA at some stages in their replication cylces |
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Definition
Retroviridae
Papovaviridae
Bacteriophages
Pincornaviridae |
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Term
Group:
multicellular/unicellular
have cell walls
external digestion |
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Definition
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Term
Phylogenetically speaking:
E.coli is most related to |
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Definition
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Term
Membrane structure:
Chromatium |
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Definition
| a peptidoglycan cell wall with an outer membrane |
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Term
Kingdom Monera
Domain Eubacteria
Divisions? |
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Definition
Division I: Gracilicutes
Division II: Firmicutes
Division III: Tenericutes ( lack of cell wall) |
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Term
Domain Eubacteria:
What division lack of cell well? |
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Definition
| Division III: Tenericutes |
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Term
Division Tenericutes (lack of cell wall):
Class?
Genus? |
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Definition
Class: Mollicutes
Genus: Mycoplasma |
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Term
Mycoplasma:
causes what kind of disease? |
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Definition
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Term
Mycoplasmas:
with or without cell wall |
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Definition
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Term
Division II Firmicutes:
Class? |
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Definition
Class: Firmibacteria
Class: Thallobacteria |
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Term
Class: Firmibacteria
Family?
Genus? |
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Definition
Micrococcaceae/ Staphylococcus/food posioning, wound infection
Streptococcaceae/ Streptococcus/ sore throat and Scarlet Fever
Bacillaceae/ Bacillus - anthrax and Clostridium - botulism and tetenus
Mycobacteriaceae/ Mycobacterium - tuberculosis and leprosy |
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Term
Class Thallobacteria:
Description? |
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Definition
| The Actinomycetes- filamentous-looks like fungal type growth |
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Term
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Definition
acid-fast
non-spore forming rods |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Class Archaebacteria
Description? |
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Definition
unusual cell walls
no peptidoglycan |
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Term
Domain Eubacteria
Division I: Gracilicutes
Class? |
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Definition
Oxyphotobacteria
Anoxyphotobacteria
Scotobacteria |
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Term
Anoxyphotobacteria
Description? |
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Definition
| Anaerobic photosynthesizers |
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Term
Scotobacteria
Description? |
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Definition
| Non-photosynthetic bacteria |
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Term
Oxyphotobacteria
Description? |
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Definition
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Term
Class Oxyphotobacteria:
genus? |
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Definition
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Term
Class Anoxyphotobacteria:
Genus? |
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Definition
sulfur bacteria:
Chlorobium (green)
Chlomatium (purple)
non sulfur bacteria:
Chloroflexus ( green)
Rhodospirillum ( purple) |
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Term
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Definition
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia |
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Term
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Definition
unicellular prokaryotes
bacteria |
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Term
|
Definition
unicellular eukaryotes
protozoa
algae |
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Term
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Definition
multicellular heterotrophs with external digestion
Yeasts
Molds
Mushrooms |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Linnaean Taxonomic Hierarchy |
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Definition
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum (Division)
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species |
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Term
Bergey's Manual of Determinative bacteriology:
based on |
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Definition
| observable characteristics |
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Term
|
Definition
| Observable characteristics |
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Term
Phylogeny:
characteristics to classify bacteria |
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Definition
Morphological characteristics
Different staining
Nutritional pattern
Relationship with oxygen
Biochemical characteristics
Serological analysis
Phage typing |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of potentially interbreeding organisms that can produce viable offspring |
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Term
Bacterial classification:
Domains?
Kingdoms? |
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Definition
Domains: Bacteria, Archaes
Kingdom: Monera |
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Term
Determinative bacteriology:
characteristics to classify... |
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Definition
Gram stain reaction ( cell wall type)
Cellular morphology ( rod, coccu..)
Oxygen requirements
Nutrition patterns |
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Term
|
Definition
Gracilicutes ( Gram- positive)
Firmicutes ( Gram- negative)
Tenericutes ( Mycoplasmas- have no cell wall)
Mendosicutes ( Archaebacteria- have strange cell walls without peptidoglycan) |
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Term
Disvision Gracilicutes:
Class? |
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Definition
Class I: Oxyphotobacteria ( the cyanobacteria)
Class II: Anaxyphotobacteria
Class III: Scotobacteria: non-photosynthetic bacteria |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Division I: Gracilicutes
Class III: Scotobacteria: non-photosynthetic bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
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