Term
- genome
- gene
- genetics
- genomics
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Definition
complete set of genetic info functional unit of genome study of transfer of genes study of sequence of DNA
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Term
| Living cells must accomplish two general tasks to multiply: |
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Definition
DNA replication DNA expression (transcription - DNA to RNA, translation - RNA to protein)
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Adenine (A) - purine Guanine (G) - purine Thymine (T) - pyrimidine Cytosine (C) - pyrimidine
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Term
| How are DNA joined together? |
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Definition
they differ at the ends (5' and 3') phosphate group attaches to the #5 carbon and the hydroxyl (OH-) group attaches to the #3 carbon double stranded... A with T, C with G with hydrogen bonds 2 DNA strands attach in opposite directions
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Term
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Definition
made up of ribose and nitrogenous bases (A, G, C, U - Uracil instead of Thymine) single-stranded RNA molecule called transcript 3 different functional groups - messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA)
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Term
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Definition
DNA replicates to make second copy (identical) replication is bidirectional the 2 strands are unwound and separated; free, unbound nucleotides match up to newly separated bases of parent (template) strand each new strand of DNA consists of one parent strand and one daughter strand
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Term
- primer
- DNA gyrase
- DNA ligase
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Definition
fragment of DNA to which DNA polymerase can add nucleotides enzyme that temporarily breaks the strands of DNA enzyme that seals gaps b/w 2 DNA fragments by forming covalent bonds
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Term
- DNA polymerase
- helicases
- primase
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Definition
enzyme that synthesizes the DNA; uses one strand of DNA as template; occurs 5'--->3' enzymes that breaks down hydrogen bonds between the 2 strands- bonds b/w A-T and G-C enzyme that synthesizes small fragments of RNA
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Term
- Okasaki fragment
- Origin of Replication
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Definition
nucleic acid fragment generated during discontinuous replication of the lagging strand of DNA region of DNA where where replication begins
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
group of 3 nucleotides 64 codons (61 are sense codons, 3 are nonsense [stop] codons) start codon = AUG (methionine); stop codons = UAA, UAG, UGA
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Term
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Definition
in response to each codon, tRNA brings its anticodon (ribosomes direct the binding) tRNA binds to P site then A site P site and A site attach through peptide bond then detach from tRNA translation terminates at stop codon
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