Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Staph epidermidis, Staph aureus |
|
|
Term
normal flora
oropharynx (1) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
normal flora
dental plaque (1) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lactobacillus, E. coli, GBS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus |
|
|
Term
food poisoning
reheated rice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
food poisoning
meats, mayonnaise, custard |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
food poisoning
reheated meat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
food poisoning
canned food |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
food poisoning
undercooked meat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
food poisoning
poultry, meat, eggs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Yersinia enterocolitica, Campylobacter jejuni, non-typhoidal Salmonella via mesenteric adenitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella (low ID50), EHEC, EIEC, Yersinia enterocolitica (daycare outbreaks), Entamoeba histolytica |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ETEC (traveler's diarrhea), Vibrio cholerae, Clostridium difficile (could be bloody), Clostridium perfringens (also causes gas gangrene), Giardia, Cyrptosporidium (immunocompromised), rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus |
|
|
Term
| pneumonia (neonates, kids, adults, elderly) |
|
Definition
neonates (<4wk) -- GBS, E. coli
kids (<18yr) -- RSV, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia trachomatis, Strep pneumo
Adults (<40yo) -- Mycoplasma, Chlamydia pneumo, Strep pneumo
Adults (<65yo) -- Strep pneumo, H. flu, anaerobes, viruses, Mycoplasma
elderly -- Strep pneumo, influenza, anaerobes, H. flu, GNRs |
|
|
Term
| pneumonia -- special groups (nosocomial, immunocompromised, aspiration, EtOH/IVDU, CF, postviral, atypical) |
|
Definition
nosocomial -- Staph, enteric GNRs
immunocompromised -- Staph, enteric GNRs, fungi, viruses, PCP (HIV)
aspiration -- anaerobes
EtOH/IVDU -- Strep pneumo, Klebsiella, Staph
CF -- Pseudomonas
Postviral -- Staph, H. flu, Strep pneumo
Atypical -- Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia |
|
|
Term
| meningitis (neonates, kids, adults, elderly, viral, HIV) |
|
Definition
neonates (<6mo) -- GBP, E. coli, Listeria
kids (<6yo) -- Strep pneumo, Neisseria meningitidis, H. flu B, enteroviruses
adults (<60yo) -- Strep pneumo, Neisseria meningitidis (#1 in teens), enteroviruses, HSV
elderly -- Strep pneumo, GNRs, Listeria
viral -- enteroviruses (esp. coxsackie), HSV-2 (HSV-1 encephalitis), HIV, West Nile, VZV
HIV -- Cryptococcus, CMV, toxo, PML |
|
|
Term
osteomyelitis
(most, sexually active, DM, IVDU, sickle cell, prosthetic, vertebral, cat/dog bites) |
|
Definition
most -- Staph aureus
sexually active -- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (rare), septic arthritis
DM and IVDU -- Pseudomonas
sickle cell -- Salmonella
prosthetic -- Staph aureus, Staph epidermidis
vertebral -- TB (Pott's disease)
cat/dog bites -- Pasteurella multocida |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
#1. E. coli (green metallic sheen on EMB agar)
#2. Staph saprophytics (sexually active women)
#3. Klebsiella pneumoniae (large mucoid capsule, viscous colonies)
Others -- Serratia marcescens (red pigment, nosocomial, drug-resistant), Enterobacter cloacae (nosocomial, drug-resistant), Proteus mirabilis ("swarming" on agar, urease +, struvite stones), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (blue-green pigment, fruity odor, nosocomial, drug-resistant)
LE + --> bacteria
nitrite + --> gram negative
urease + --> Proteus, Klebsiella
urease - --> E. coli, Staph, Enterococcus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Toxo -- chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications
Rubella -- PDA, cataracts, deafness, +/- blueberry muffin rash
CMV -- hearing loss, seizures, "blueberry muffin" rash
HIV -- recurrent infections, chronic diarrhea
HSV-2 -- temporal encephalitis, herpetic lesions
syphilis -- stillbirth, hydrops fetalis, facial abnormalities (Hutchinson's/notched teeth, saddle nose, short maxilla, mulberry molars), saber shins, deafness |
|
|
Term
| nosocomial infections (newborn nursery, urinary cath, resp therapy, renal dialysis, TPN, water aerosols, wound infection) |
|
Definition
newborn nursery -- CMV, RSV
urinary cath -- E. coli*, Proteus mirabilis
respiratory therapy -- Pseudomonas
renal dialysis unit -- HBV
hyperalimentation (TPN) -- Candida
water aerosols -- Legionella
wound infection -- Staph aureus*
*most common |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Staph aureus, Pseudomonas |
|
|
Term
| numbered diseases of childhood |
|
Definition
1st -- measles = rubeola
3rd -- rubella = German measles
5th -- parvo = erythema infectiosum
6th -- roseola = HHV-6 = exanthum subitum |
|
|
Term
| CSF findings in meningitis |
|
Definition
bacterial -- PMNs > 1000!!
fungal vs. viral -- viral normal sugar!! low sugar in fungal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Calymmatobacterium (Donovania) granulomatis
Donovan bodies -- multiple organisms filling large histiocyte
papule --> superficial ulcer --> large ulcer +/- lymph obstruction or genital distortion |
|
|
