Term
|
Definition
Type: Killed, toxoid
Organism:
C. diphtheriae (Diptheria)
B. pertussis (Pertussis) (Acellular in DTaP)
C. tetani (Tetanus)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Capsular Polysaccharide and protein
Organism: H. influenzae (Bacterial pneumonia, Bacterial Meningitis)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: 7 capsular serotypes
Organism: S. pneumoniae (Bacterial Pneumonia)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: 23 capsular serotypes
Organism: S. pneumoniae (Bacterial Pneumonia)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: 4 capsular serotypes
Organism: N. meningitidis (Bacterial Meningitis)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type:
Ty21a: Live, attenuated
(Killed no longer recommended or available in the US)
ViCPS: Capsular polysaccharide
Organism: S. typhi (Typhoid Fever)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes (for Travelers) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Killed
Organism: Y. pestis (Plague)
Available in U.S.: No
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: No |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Toxoid
Organism: B. anthracis (Anthrax)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: For high-risk groups only - Military |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Live, attenuated
Organism: M. tuberculosis (Tuberculosis, TB)
Available in U.S.: No
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: No |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Osp A flagellar protein
Organism: B. burgdorferi (Lyme Disease)
Available in U.S.: No
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: No |
|
|
Term
| Vaccine: Vibrio cholerae (O1) |
|
Definition
Type: Oral: subunit toxoid, attenuated bacterium
Organism: Vibrio cholerae (O1) (Cholera)
Available in U.S.: No
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: No |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Killed
Organism: Rabies
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes, post exposure, or high risk populations (forest rangers) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Killed
Organism: Influenza
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: live
Organism: Influenza
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: killed
Organism: Polio (salk)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: killed
Organism: Hepatitis A
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: For Travelers only |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: recombinant
Organism: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: recombinant
Organism: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Not Yet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Live, attenuated
Organism: Measles, Mumps, Rubella
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
| Vaccine: Varivax (Proquad w/MMR) |
|
Definition
Type: Live, attenuated
Organism: Varicella Zoster
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Live, attenuated
Organism: Adenovirus
Available in U.S.: Yes (Military)
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: For high-risk groups only - Military |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Live, attenuated
Organism: Polio (sabin)
Available in U.S.: No
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: No |
|
|
Term
| Vaccine: Vaccinia, dryvax |
|
Definition
Type: Live, attenuated
Organism: Small pox
Available in U.S.: Limited
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: For high-risk groups only |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Type: Live, attenuated
Organism: Yellow fever
Available in U.S.: Yes
Recommended Vaccine in U.S.: For Travelers only |
|
|
Term
| MHC Class I - Types of HLA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC Class II - Types of HLA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC Class I - Tissue Distribution |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC Class II - Tissue Distribution |
|
Definition
Antigen Presenting Cells (APC's)
Macrophages, B Lymphocytes, and Dendritic cells |
|
|
Term
| MHC Class I - Recognized by... |
|
Definition
| Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL), CD8+ |
|
|
Term
| MHC Class II - Recognized by... |
|
Definition
| T Helper Cells (TH), CD4+ |
|
|
Term
| MHC Class I - Pathogenic Peptides bound |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC Class II - Pathogenic Peptides bound |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elimination of viral (abnormal) cells by CTL’s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elimination of extracellular organisms |
|
|
Term
| MHC Class I - Has Invariant Chain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC Class II - Has Invariant Chain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC Class I - Contains β2 Microglobulin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC Class II - Contains β2 Microglobulin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cytokine: GM-CSF
Indication: Used to boost immunity during chemotherapy
Mechanism of Action: Granulocyte and macrophage development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cytokine: G-CSF
Indication: Used to boost immunity (neutrophils) prior to bone marrow transplant
Mechanism of Action: Granulocyte development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cytokine: EPO (erythropoietin)
Indication: Used to treat anemia
Mechanism of Action: growth factor for Red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Monocytes, macrophages, B cells, dendritic cells,
endothelial cells |
|
|
Term
Cells that Secrete:
IL-2, IFN-γ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cells that Secrete:
IL-4, IL-5 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bone Marrow /thymic stromal cells |
|
|
Term
| Cells that Secrete: IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cells that Secrete:
IFN-α and IFN-β |
|
Definition
| Leukocytes and fibroblasts |
|
|
Term
Cells that Secrete:
G-CSF and GM-CSF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for: IL-1 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
1. TH cells
2. Hepatocytes
3. hypothalamus
Activity:
1. Costimulatory
2. Acute phase protein induction
3. Fever |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IL-2 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Activated TH cells and CTL’s
Activity:
Proliferation, enhanced killing |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IL-3 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Hematopoietic cells
Activity:
Growth factor |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IL-5 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
B cells
Activity:
Activation, class switching to IgA |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for: IL-6 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
1. B cells
2. Hepatocytes
3. hypothalamus
Activity:
1. Differentiation into plasma cells and Ab production
2. Acute phase protein induction
3. Fever |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IL-7 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
B and T cell precursors
Activity:
Differentiation
Growth Factor for Lymphocytes |
|
|
Term
Target cell or tissue for:
IL-8 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Neutrophils
Activity:
Chemotaxis |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IL-10 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Macrophages, TH cells
Activity:
Down-regulation of pro-inflammatory response |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IL-12 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
TH cells
Activity:
Promotes differentiation of TH cells into TH1 cells |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IFN-α and IFN-β |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Infected cells
Activity:
Inhibits viral replication |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IFN-γ |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Macrophages
Activity:
Activation |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
TNF-α |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Inflammatory cells
Activity:
Induces cytokine secretion, cachexia
Produces Inflammatory response |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
G-CSF |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Bone marrow precursors
Activity:
Granulocyte development
(neutrophils) |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
IL-4 |
|
Definition
Target cells:
B cells
Activity:
Activation, class switching to IgE + IgG |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
GM-CSF |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Bone marrow precursors
Activity:
Granulocyte and macrophage development
(Monocytes) |
|
|
Term
| Classical Complement Pathway Deficiencies in C1q, C1r, C1s, C4, C2 |
|
Definition
Related Symptoms:
↑ immune complex diseases,
↑ infections with pyogenic bacteria |
|
|
Term
Classical and Alternate Complement Patways
Deficiencies in C3 |
|
Definition
Related Symptoms:
Recurrent bacterial infections, immune complex disease |
|
|
Term
Classical and Alternate Complement Patways
Deficiencies in C5, C6, C7 or C8 |
|
Definition
Related Symptoms:
Recurrent meningococcal and gonococcal infections |
|
|
Term
| Deficiencies in complement regulatory proteins: C1-INH Results in overuse of C1, C2, and C4 at mucosal surfaces |
|
Definition
Results in Hereditary Angioedema
Related Symptoms: Chronic edema at mucosal surfaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
[image]
Heavy Chain: γ
Complement Activation: Yes
Opsonization: Yes
ADCC: Yes
Crosses Placental Barrier: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
[image]
Heavy Chain: μ
Complement Activation: Yes
Present on surface of Naive B cells: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
[image]
Heavy Chain: α
Present on surface of Memory B cells: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
[image]
Heavy Chain: δ
Present on surface of Naive B cells: Yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
[image]
Heavy Chain: ε
Present on surface of Memory B cells: Yes
Trigger MAST cell Granule Release: Yes |
|
|
Term
Target cell and Activity for:
M-CSF |
|
Definition
Target cells:
Bone Marrow Precursors
Activity:
Essential for neutrophils |
|
|
Term
| MHC Class I - Has TAP1/TAP2 Tunnel proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC Class II - Has TAP1/TAP2 Tunnel proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cell Mediated Immunity Effector Cell:
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL)
CD Marker?
Ag Recognition? |
|
Definition
CD Markers:
TCR, CD3, CD8, CD2
Antigen Recognition:
Specific, Uses T Cell Receptor (TCR) |
|
|
Term
Cell Mediated Immunity Effector Cell:
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL)
MHC Recognition required for Killing?
Effector Molecules? |
|
Definition
MHC Recognition?
Yes
Effector Molecules:
Perforin, granzymes, TNF-β, IFN-γ |
|
|
Term
Cell Mediated Immunity Effector Cell:
Natural Killer Cell (NK)
MHC Recognition required for Killing?
Effector Molecules? |
|
Definition
MHC Recognition?
No. MHC I recognition inhibits killing
Effector Molecules:
Perforin, granzymes, TNF-β, IFN-γ |
|
|
Term
Cell Mediated Immunity Effector Cell:
Natural KIller Cell (NK)
CD Marker?
Ag Recognition? |
|
Definition
CD Markers:
CD16, CD56, CD2
Antigen Recognition:
ADCC Specific by IgG; otherwise recognizes lectins |
|
|
Term
Cell Mediated Immunity Effector Cell:
Macrophage
CD Marker?
Ag Recognition? |
|
Definition
CD Markers:
CD14
Antigen Recognition:
Nonspecific |
|
|
Term
Cell Mediated Immunity Effector Cell:
Macrophage
MHC Recognition required for Killing?
Effector Molecules? |
|
Definition
MHC Recognition?
No.
Effector Molecules:
TNF-α, Enzymes, NO•, Oxygen Radicals |
|
|
Term
| Chronic granulomatous disease |
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Deficiency of NAPDH oxidase, failure to
generate O2 radicals
Symptoms:
Recurrent infections with
catalase + bacteria & fungi |
|
|
Term
| Leukocyte adhesion deficiency |
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Absence of CD18: common Beta chains of integrins
Symptoms:
Recurrent infections, failure to form pus, omphalitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Granule structural defect
Symptoms:
Recurrent infection with bacteria, chemotactic & degranulation defects, absent NK, partial albinism |
|
|
Term
| Bruton X-linked hypo-γ globulinemia |
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Deficiency of a specific tyrosine kinase
→ blockage of B-cell maturation
Blood Serum Abnormalities:
↓ Ig all classes, no circulating B cells,
pre-B cells in bone marrow normal, normal CMI |
|
|
Term
| X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome |
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Deficiency of CD40L on activated T cells
Blood Serum Abnormalities:
- ↑ serum IgM without other isotypes
- Normal B- & T- cells
- extracellular bacteria & opportunistic infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Deficiency of IgA
Symptoms:
Repeated sinopulmonary & GI infections |
|
|
Term
| Common variable hypo-γ-globulinemia |
|
Definition
Etiology:
Unknown. Onset late teens
Blood Serum Abnormalities:
B cells present in blood, Ig levels ↓ over time, ↑ autoimmunity |
|
|
Term
| Transient hypo-γ-globulinemia of infancy |
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Delayed onset of normal IgG synthesis
Symptoms:
Detected in 5th to 6th month, resolves by 16-30 months, infections with pyogenic bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Defect:
Failure of formation of 3rd & 4th pharyngeal pouches, thymic aplasia
Molecular Deficits:
↓ T- cell #, absence of T-cell responses
Symptoms:
Facial abnormalities, hypoparathyroidism, cardiac malformations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Failure of TAP 1 molecules to transport peptides to ER
Blood Serum Abnormalities:
↓CD8+ T cells,
CD4 + cells normal,
normal DTH, normal Ab
Symptoms:
recurrent viral infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Failure of MHC class II expression, defects in transcription factors
Blood Serum Abnormalities:
Deficient in CD4 cells, no GVHD,
↓ Igs,
Symptoms:
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) |
|
|
Term
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
Total Absence of B and T Cells |
|
Definition
Molecular deficits:
Rag1 and/or rag2 gene nonsense mutations
Symptoms:
Chronic diarrhea, skin, mouth & throat lesions, opportunistic infections,↓ circulating LC, cells unresponsive to mitogens
Mutation of only 1 gene (RAG 1 or 2) results in less severe symptoms. |
|
|
Term
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
Functional T- & B- cell deficiency |
|
Definition
Molecular deficits:
1. Defect in common γ of IL-2 receptor (present in receptors for IL-4, 7, 9, 15), X-linked
OR
2. Adenosine Deaminase ADA) deficiency
Symptoms:
Chronic diarrhea, skin, mouth & throat lesions, opportunistic infections,↓ circulating LC, cells unresponsive to mitogens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Molecular Deficit:
Defect in cytoskeletal glycoprotein,
X-linked
Clinical Manifestations:
↓ response to bacterial polysaccharides, ↓ IgM, gradual ↓HMI and CMI, thrombocytopenia and eczema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Molecular Deficits:
Defect in kinase involved in cell cycle
Clinical Manifestations:
Ataxia, telangiectasia, deficiency of IgA, IgE |
|
|
