Term
Name the 5 Ringworm infections and the organism
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Definition
Tinea cruris Jock itch Tinea capitus Scalp infection Tinea corporus Body infection Tinea unguium Nail infection Tinea vesicolor Fungemia in neonates |
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Term
| How do you diagnosis tinea |
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Definition
| KOH scraping showing branched hyphae |
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Term
| What layer of the skin does Tinea have to get under? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you treat tinea capitus? |
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Definition
| Ketoconazole & Grisofulvin |
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Term
| Tinea corporus is treated w/ what? |
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Definition
Tolnaftate Nystatin Miconzaole |
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Term
| How do you treat Tinea unguium? |
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Definition
Itraconzole Cicploprix Griseofulvin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Sporothrix schenckii Histoplasma Coccidioides Blastomyces Paracoccidioides brasiliensis |
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Term
What does Sporothrix schenckii cause?
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Definition
Sporotrichosis 1. Nodular uclerations at the site of the prick 2. Heals and later more paplues develop along the lymphathics |
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Term
| How does someone get sporotrichosis |
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Definition
| Plants, known as Rose growers disease |
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Term
| S. schenckii is branched hyphae at ____ and budding yeast at _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment of Sporothrix schenckii |
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Definition
| oral KI & Amphotercin & Itraconzole |
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Term
| Name the symptoms of valley fever "coccidioides" |
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Definition
1. Malaise 2. Chest pain 3. Cough 4. Arthralgias In the immunosuppressed 1. Pneumonia |
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Term
| Where is Valley Fever contracted? |
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Definition
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Term
Pathogenesis of coccidioides
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Definition
1. Branched hyphae are inhaled 2. Change into endospores due to temperature change 3. Release proteases |
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Term
| How is coccidioides treated? |
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Definition
| Usually self-limiting but some will need fluconazole |
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Term
| Name the 3 systemic mycoses |
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Definition
Coccidioides Histoplasmosis Blastomycosis |
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Term
| What Cirucmstances would you come in contact w/ Histoplasma? |
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Definition
1. Ohio and Mississippi 2. Bat droppings 3. Puerto Rico |
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Term
How does the Histoplasma survive when phagocytosized?
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Definition
captures Fe and Ca from the macrophage increasing the pH
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Term
| what are the symptoms of Histoplasma? |
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Definition
| Pulmonary disease/ caviation, sputum, night sweats and weight loss |
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Term
| What stain would you use for Histoplasma |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the treatment for histoplasma? |
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Definition
I Am Histostupid! Itazconazole Amphotericin B |
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Term
| Where would you contract Blastomyces |
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Definition
| Mississippi and Ohio via inhalation |
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Term
| What condition does Blastomyces present w/ |
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Definition
| Fever, malaise, night sweats, weight loss |
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Term
| What's the treatment for Blastomyces |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 4 Opportunistic Yeast |
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Definition
Candida albicans Crytococcus Neoformans Pneumocystis jiroveci Aspergillus fumigatus |
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Term
| Name the 3 things that make up the cell wall of Candida albicans |
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Definition
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Term
| What is cutaneous candidasis |
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Definition
Infects wet macerated areas like armpits, under breast Lesions that are red papules or macular |
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Term
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Definition
| White Oral lesions on buccal mucosa |
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Term
| Describe esophalgeal candidasid? How is at risk? |
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Definition
AIDS patients are at risk Extension of thrush to esophagus w/ pain & difficulty on swallowing |
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Term
| Describe vaginal candidasis |
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Definition
| Itching, burning and white discharge |
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Term
| How do you diagnsosis C. albicans in the lab? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you treat C. albicans? |
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Definition
Oral Thrush: Nystatin Clotrimazole Fluconazole Mucocutaneous: Fluconazole |
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Term
| What agar & temperature would you grow C. neoformans? |
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Definition
| 35 C on blood, chocolate agar |
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Term
| What's the Clinical presentation of Cryptococcus neoformans? |
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Definition
| Infection starts in the pulmonary and then spreads to the meninges, skin & bones |
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Term
| What's the common manifestation of Cryptococcal meningitisi |
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Definition
| Headache, fever & nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) |
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Term
| From what animal do you contract C. neoformans? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does C. neoformans produce to protect from phagocytes? |
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Definition
| Melanin and it has a capsule |
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Term
| What do you use to diagnosis C. neoformans? |
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Definition
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Term
| How would you treat C. neoformans? |
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Definition
| Amphotericin B + fluconazole |
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Term
| Who is the most at risk for Pneumocystis jiroveci? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does P. jiroveci cause? |
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Definition
| Nonproductive cough & dyspnea (pneumonia) |
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Term
| How would you treat P. jiroveci? |
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Definition
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Term
| What stain would you use for P. jiroveci? |
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Definition
| Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (dark oval bodies) |
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Term
| Aspergillus fumigatus have Hyphae brached at ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Aspergillus fumigatus cause? |
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Definition
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) 1. Allergic reaction 2. Cough & dyspnea Aspergilloma 1. Aspergillus in a lung cavity Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis 1. Chronic productive cough |
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Term
| How would you treat Aspergillus? |
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Definition
ABPA Steriods & albuterol Aspergillosis Removal of cavity w/ aspergilloma |
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Term
| What Angle is Zygomycetes branched at ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is more at risk for contracting Zygomycetes/ |
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Definition
| Patients w/ acidosis, iron chelating drugs, steriods |
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Term
| Where would you find zygomycetes? |
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Definition
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Term
| How would you treat Zygomycetes |
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Definition
| Treat the underlying condition |
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