Term
| 4 Types of Infections of the Blood |
|
Definition
1. fungamia
2. bacteremia
3.viremia
4.parasitemia |
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Term
| Pathogenic organism growing in the blood can lead to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can also be caused by pathogens growing inside or outside of intravenous devices? |
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Definition
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Term
| What complications can arise from infectious endocarditis? |
|
Definition
1. risk of congestive heart failure
2. rupture the chordae tendinae
3. kidney damage (blood in urine)
4. perforation of the valves |
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Term
| What can be the cause of sepsis and septic shock? |
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Definition
1. gram+ bacteria
2. gram- bacteria
3.fungi
4.protozoa
5.viruses |
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Term
| Bacterial Infections of the blood? |
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Definition
1. plague: yersinia pestis
2. brucellosis: brucella
3. lyme disease: borrelia burgdorferi
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Term
| Rickettsial infections of the blood? |
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Definition
1. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: rickettsia rickettsii
2. Epidemic typhus: rickettsia prowazekii
3. Endemic typhus: rickettsia typhi
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Term
| Viral Infections of the blood? |
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Definition
1. cytomegalovirus
2. arboviruses
3. epstein-barr virus
4. filovirus (ebola & marburg) |
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Term
| The plage is caused by what bacteria? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the plague transmitted? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the plague spread? |
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Definition
| from lymph nodes to blood (from there possibly to lungs) |
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|
Term
| Brucellosis is caused by what bacteria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of infection is brucellosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what part of the body does brucellosis affect? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| how does brucellosis enter the body? |
|
Definition
1.through cuts in the skin
2. contact with mucous membrane
3. inhalation
4. ingestion |
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|
Term
| is brucellosis a chronic or acute illness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long can brucellosis last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does brucellosis cause? |
|
Definition
1. fever
2. night sweats
3. weight loss |
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|
Term
| what is lyme disease transmitted by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is lyme disease caused by? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| is borrelia burgdorferi gram negative or gram positive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what disease does borrelia bugdorferi cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what animals does borrelia burgdorferi involve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute lyme disease can be characterized by? |
|
Definition
1. fever
2. migratory bulls-ey rash
3. muscular joint pain
4. often meningeal irritation
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|
|
Term
| true or false do rickettsia have characteristics of both bacteria and viruses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rickettsia are what shape? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do rickettsia divide? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the most common rickettsial infection? |
|
Definition
| rocky mountain spotted fever |
|
|
Term
| rocky mountain spotted fever is caused by bacteria? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is epidemic typhus characterized by? |
|
Definition
1. fever
2. rash
3. muscle aches |
|
|
Term
| what is epidemic typhus caused by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is endemic typhus caused by? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| primary infection of endemic typhus is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some symptoms of endemic typhus? |
|
Definition
1. headache
2. muscle aches
3. fever
4. maculopapular rash forms |
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Term
|
Definition
| a herpes viral genus of the herpesvirus group |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors |
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|
Term
| arboviruses infections in the blood are classified as? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| dengue and yellow fever are both what type of virus? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what do dengue and yellow fever attack? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the epstein-barr virus is? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ebola and marburg are both what type of viruses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| true or false ebola virus is very contagious? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is marburg virus mortality rate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what causes hemorrhaging in the skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gas gangrene is caused by what bacteria? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| brain and the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| CNS infections can be caused by? |
|
Definition
1. normal bacterial flora
2. pathogens acquired through ngestion
3. pathogens acquired during the birthing process
4. contamination of shunts |
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Term
|
Definition
| infection of the meninges |
|
|
Term
| Purulent meningitis is characterized by? |
|
Definition
1. fever
2. irritability
3. various degress of neurological dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| Chronic meningitis is usually caused by? |
|
Definition
mycobacterium tuberculosis
fungi
or protozoan parasites |
|
|
Term
| chronic meningitis is characterized by? |
|
Definition
fever
headache
stiff neck and back
nausea
vomiting |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| involves seizures, paralysis, or defective mental faculties |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| infection which destroys cells associated with the anterior portion of the spinal cord and brain stem |
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|
Term
| what does poliomyelitis cause? |
|
Definition
weakness or paralysis of muscle groups
respiratory difficulties |
|
|
Term
| poliomyelitis is characterized by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammatory infection of the peripheral nervous system |
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|
Term
| peripheral nervous system consists of? |
|
Definition
| nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and the spinal cord |
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|
Term
| acute poliomyelitis is characterized by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute poliomyelitis can be caused by? |
|
Definition
1. diphtheria toxin
2. enteric pahtogens
3. cytomegalovirus
4. esptein-barr virus |
|
|
Term
| acute meningitis usually caused by? |
|
Definition
h. influenzae
n. meningitidis
s. pneumoniae |
|
|
Term
| a vaccine is available to protect against h. influenzae (acute meningitis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what bacteria are often involved in meningitis in newborns? |
|
Definition
| group b streptococci and e.coli |
|
|
Term
| what are the common pathogens of the CNS? |
|
Definition
1. Purulent meningitis
2. chronic meningitis
3. encephalitis
4. poliomyelitis
5. tetanus: colstridium tetani
6. botulism: clostridium botulinum
7. acute poliomyelitis |
|
|
Term
| most common viral causes of acute CNS infections? |
|
Definition
enterovirus
herpes simplex virus
HIV
Epstein- Barr virus
also several arthropod viruses |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clostridium botulinum is found naturally in? |
|
Definition
| soil and sediments of ponds and lakes |
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Term
|
Definition
| an acute and fatal viral CNS infection |
|
|
Term
| what is the mortality rate for rabies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| polio is what kind of virus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy is also called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when was BSE first identified? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| BSE infection in humans is called what? |
|
Definition
| Creutzfeld-Jacod disease (vCJD) |
|
|
Term
| what is the most important fungal CNS infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cryptococcosis is caused by? |
|
Definition
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