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Microbes
MSC 112 Mastellone
88
Pathology
Undergraduate 1
11/16/2011
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Term
Coccus
 Definition
Round-shaped
Term
Nosocomial
 Definition
Hospital Acquired
Term
Pathogens
 Definition
disease causing agents
Term
Zacharias Janssen
 Definition
17th century dutch spectacle maker
Term
Zacharias Janssen
 Definition
beginning of the microscope
Term
Giovanni Faber Francesco Stelluti
 Definition
1625 microscopio
Term
Robert Hook
 Definition
First to take advantage of the microscopic abilities of the microscope
Term
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
 Definition
Observed tiny living organism (animalcules)
Term
Bacteriology
 Definition
Study of Bacteria
Term
Protozology
 Definition
Study of Protozoa
Term
Virology
 Definition
Study of Viruses
Term
Mycology
 Definition
Study of Fungus
Term
Myology
 Definition
Study of muscles
Term
Prion
 Definition
non-living infectious agent
Term
Aristotle
 Definition
supported Spontaneous generation
Term
Francesco Redi
 Definition
1670 opposed Spontaneous Generation
Term
John Needham
 Definition
1748 supported Spontaneous Generation
Term
Lazzarro Spallizani
 Definition
1767 opposed Spontaneous Generation
Term
Louis Pasteur
 Definition
1870 opposed Spontaneous Generation
Swan neck bottle
Term
Ignaz Semelweiz
 Definition
1847 told his staff to wash their hands
Term
John Snow
 Definition
1854 Cholera epidemic
determined it was waterborne
Term
Joseph Lister
 Definition
Spray surgery area with Carbolic acid
Term
Robert Koch
 Definition
Discovered Anthrax
established standard for connecting specific organism with specific disease
Term
Basic
 Definition
Looses H+
Term
Acidic
 Definition
Gains H+
Term
Human body pH
 Definition
7.4
Term
pH 14
 Definition
alkaline
Term
cells of plants, animals, protozoa
 Definition
Eukaryotes
Term
have a defined nucleus
 Definition
Eukaryotes
Term
have organelles
 Definition
Eukaryotes
Term
multiple chromosomes
 Definition
Eukaryotes
Term
organisms like bacteria
 Definition
Prokaryotes
Term
lacks an organized nucleus
 Definition
Prokaryotes
Term
lack organelles
 Definition
Prokaryotes
Term
functions occur in cytoplasm
 Definition
Prokaryotes
Term
Have only one chromosome
 Definition
Prokaryotes
Term
capable of ingestion
 Definition
Cell
Term
capable of digestion
 Definition
cell
Term
capable of absorption
 Definition
Cell
Term
capable of circulation
 Definition
Cell
Term
capable of growth
 Definition
Cell
Term
capable of repair
 Definition
Cell
Term
study of structure and form, but not function
 Definition
Morphology
Term
First to describe Bacteria
 Definition
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Term
Do not reproduce by mitosis
 Definition
Prokaryote
Term
Drew microbes
 Definition
Van Leeuwenhoek
Term
Unicellular Yeasts and long intertwined chains of cells
 Definition
Fungi
Term
Size sequence of microbes
 Definition
Viruses, bacteria, protozoa
Term
bacteria reproduce by
 Definition
binary fission
Term
Micrometer
 Definition
1 millionth of a meter
Term
Nanometer
 Definition
1 billionth of a meter
Term
Bacillus
 Definition
rod shaped
Term
Diplo
 Definition
2 attached
Term
Spirochete
 Definition
intertwined X
Term
Vibrio
 Definition
comma-shaped
Term
Spore formers
 Definition
clostridium, bascillis
Term
Structure of bacteria
 Definition
Cell wall, cell membrane, flagella, pili
Term
Normal active state
 Definition
Vegetative
Term
Virulent
 Definition
increased ability to cause disease
Term
Attenuated
 Definition
decreased ability to cause disease
Term
Decay
 Definition
break down by aerobic bacteria
Term
Putrefaction
 Definition
breakdown by anerobic bacteria
Term
Capable of synthesis
 Definition
Autotrophs
Term
Other-feeders
 Definition
Heterotrophs
Term
Feed on dead organics
 Definition
Saprobes
Term
Cannot survive without air
 Definition
Obligate Aerobic
Term
Cannot survive with air
 Definition
Obligate Anerobic
Term
Can survive w/ or w/o air
 Definition
Facultative Aerobes
Term
Prefers less than atmospheric o2
 Definition
Microaerophile
Term
prefer the cold
 Definition
psychrophiles
Term
prefer middle temps (20-40 C)
 Definition
Mesophiles
Term
prefers Hot temps
 Definition
thermophiles
Term
Bacterial comfort range for pH
 Definition
6.5 - 7.5
Term
Osmotic Pressure
 Definition
pressure a cell can tolerate before a change in shape
Term
Simple diffusion
 Definition
movement of particles from high to low concentration
Term
Hypertonic
 Definition
water is forced out of a cell
Term
Plasmolysis
 Definition
cell shrinks
Term
Hypotonic
 Definition
Water is forced into a cell
Term
Plasmoptysis
 Definition
Cell swells and bursts
Term
Isotonic
 Definition
cell neither swells or bursts
Term
Mutualisim
 Definition
symbiosis that benefits both sides
Term
Commensalism
 Definition
one side benefits while the other is neither benefited or harmed
Term
Synergism
 Definition
Both achieve what neither can do on its own
Term
Describe Staplococcus
 Definition
cluster of spheres
Term
Discovered Penicillin
 Definition
Alexander Fleming
Term
Monotrichus and petrichous bacteria differ in their number of
 Definition
flagella
Term
Organisms that resemble bunches of grapes
 Definition
Streptococci
Term
Pili help an organism:
 Definition
attach to surfaces
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