Term
What bacteria is responsible for the most common bacterial gastroenteritis in the US? |
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Definition
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A pt in an urgent care clinic reports having frequent episodes of diarrhea with abdominal pain & fever for several days. The pt reports an allergy to shellfish. A recent bowel movement contains traces of blood. A fecal sample shows the prescence of Gram-negative, curved, motile, urease-negative bacteria. What bacteria is most likely responsible for pt's symptoms? |
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Definition
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Shortly after returning from a trip to several continents, a yound man experiences episodes of fever, chills, muscle aches, and HA that recur at irregular intervals. The young man reports carrying only a large backpack and commonly staying in hostels long the way. What disease is he likely to have? |
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Definition
louse-borne relapsing fever |
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Term
The emergin disease known as anaplasmosis is trasmitted by? |
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Definition
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Term
What is TRUE about rickettsias? |
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Definition
They are obligate intracellular parasites, they can sunthesize small amounts of peptidoglycan, they have genes for protein synthesis, they divide by binary fission. |
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Term
What is FALSE regarding rickettsias? |
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Definition
They can live outside the host for long periods of time |
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Term
Transovarian transmission is a process in which? |
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Definition
an infected female vector transmits the pathogen to the eggs forming in its ovaries |
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Term
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a pathogen that? |
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Definition
infects the lining of blood vessels and leads to leaking of plasma into tissue. |
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Term
Scrub typhus is caused by? |
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Definition
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Term
Rickettsia prowazekii is transmitted by? |
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Definition
the human body louse Pediculus humanus |
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Term
What is TRUE about Ehrlichia? |
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Definition
The organism resproduces inside the host's phagosomes, it is transmitted by ticks, it has three stages: elementary body, initial body, and morula, it is emergin infectious disease |
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Term
What is FALSE about Ehrlichia? |
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Definition
It usually causes a spotted rash similar to Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
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Term
Epidemic typhus can recall many yeas after an initial episode; the recurrent disease is called? |
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Definition
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Term
What disease is considered an emerging disease b/c it was unknown before 1987? |
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Definition
human monocytic ehrlichiosis |
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Term
What microorganisms have been referred to as energy parasites? |
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Definition
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Term
Endosomes filled with multiplying chlamydia are known as? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following pairs is MISMATCHED?
A)elementary bodies-dormant noninfectious form
B)reticulate bodies-replicate via binary fission in endosomes
C)reticulate bodies- large variable shape
D)inclusion bodies-RB filled endosomes
E)elementary bodies- small cocci |
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Definition
A)elementary bodies-dormant noninfectious form |
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Term
What pathogen causes the most commonly reported sexually transmitted disease in the US. |
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Definition
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Term
The most specific method for diagnosing chlamydia is by? |
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Definition
demonstrating the presence of the pathogen in cell culture by means of fluorescent antibodies |
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Term
The sexually transmitted form of chlamydia? |
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Definition
is caused by the LGV strain of Chlamydia trachomatis |
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Term
What is an intracellular parasite of humans that usually causes a mild pneumonia? |
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Definition
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Term
What is TRUE regarding trachoma? |
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Definition
It leads to corneal scarring, it is the leading cause of nontraumatic blindness in humans, infants may contract the disease while passing through and infected birth canal, and it first infects the conjenctiva and kills cells there |
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Term
What is FALSE regarding trachoma? |
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Definition
it is most often a disease of adults who suffer from sexually transmitted chlamydia |
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Term
Sexually transmitted chlamydia is similar to infection with Yersinia pestis in that they both produce? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following pairs is MISMATCHED?
A)Chlamydophila psittaci- endocarditis
B)Chlamydia trachomatis- nongonococcal urethritis
C)Chlamydia trachomatis- pneumonia
D)Chlamydia psittaci- parrot fever
E)Chlamydophila pneumoniae-sinusitis |
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Definition
C)Chlamydia trachomatis- pneumonia |
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Term
What is TRUE regarding spirochetes? |
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Definition
They are able to penetrate a host's tissues |
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Term
What microorganism gets its name form its resemblance to coiled hairs? |
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Definition
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Term
What is a zoonosis caused by a spirochete? |
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Definition
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Term
Treponema pallidum can be trasmitted? |
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Definition
Through sexual intercourse and from and infected mother to her unborn child |
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Term
What is TRUE concerning syphilis? |
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Definition
it is seen only in humans, it is thought to have originated in Western Hemisphere, untreated, the disease goes through 4 stages, latency of the disease may last 30 years or more. |
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Term
What is FALSE concerning syphilis? |
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Definition
Its causative agent, Treponema pallidum, is easy to culture in the lab |
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Term
The typical lesion of primary syphilis is? |
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Definition
a painless reddened lesion called a chancre at the site of infection |
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Term
Diagnosis of Treponema pallidum is best made by? |
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Definition
using specific antibody tests against T. pallidum antigens |
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Term
The signs and symmptoms of infection with Helicobacter pylori are the result of? |
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Definition
invasion by H.pylori into the mucosa of the stomach |
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Term
What characteristic of Borrelia burgdorferi makes it an unusual bacterium? |
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Definition
it utilizes manganese instead of iron in its proeins and enzymes |
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Term
Leptospira interrogans gets its name from? |
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Definition
the fact that one endof the spirochete is curved like a question mark |
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Term
What characteristic does Vibrio share with Salmonella? |
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Definition
both have O polysaccaride antigens |
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Term
The most important virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae is? |
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Definition
its ability to produce a potent exotoxin |
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Term
A young woman who was recently hiking in the mountains and discovered a tick on her torso has a fever that came on quite suddenly. She has no rash, but she develops leukopenia. What disease is she most likely to have contracted? |
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Definition
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Term
Lymphogranuloma venereum is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Epidemic typhus is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Ornithosis is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Pinta is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Epidemic relapsing fever is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Common cause of bacterial gastorenteritis is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Gastroenteritis from contaminated shellfish is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Peptic ulcers is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
Syphilis is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
Treponema pallidum pallidum |
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Term
Yaws is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
Treponema pallidum pertenue |
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Term
Chlamydophila pneumoniae is suspected fo causing arteriosclerosis. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F All of the rickettsias are zoonoses. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F Campylobacter gastroenteritis is usually caused by ingestion of contaminated poultry. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F Vibrio vulnificus causes septicemia that is self-limiting and rarely fatal. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F A positive urease test from a gastric secretion is definite identification of Helicobacter pylori. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F All stages of Ixodes, the vector for Lyme disease, may feed on humans. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F Small doses of antimicrobial agents are very effective in treating the late stages of Borrelia infection b/c most of the symptoms result from immune responses. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F The cholera toxin is a potent exotoxin composed of five identical B subunits and one A subunit. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F An expanding rash that resembles a bull's-eye is characteristic of secondary syphilis. |
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Definition
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Term
T/F Humans are the only hosts for Rickettsia rickettsii. |
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Definition
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Term
Eating shellfish contaminated with ___ can lead to potentially fatal septicemia. |
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Definition
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Term
The intracellular parasite ____ can infect newborns' eyes at the time of birth and may cause blindness. |
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Definition
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Term
Secondary infections with Clostridium may occur with _____. |
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Definition
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) |
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Term
_____ IS fatal to its vector within 2-3 weeks, preventing transovarian transmission. |
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Definition
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Term
____ is transmitted to humans by mites infected with Orientia. |
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Definition
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Term
_____ is a disease of birds that can be transmitted to humans. |
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Definition
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Term
The infectious form of chlamydia is ______ . |
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Definition
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Term
______ is the bacterium associated with peptic ulcer disease. |
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Definition
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Term
The characteristic late stage of lesion of sexually transmitted chlamydia LGV is known as _____ . |
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Definition
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Term
The characteristic lesions for tertiary syphilis is presence of ___ in bones, in nervous tissue, or on the skin. |
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Definition
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Term
_____ is a nonveneral reponemal disease transmitted by contaminated eating utensils and primarily affects children in Africa, Asia, and Australia. |
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Definition
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Term
____ is an unusual bacterium that lacks iron-containing enzymes and proteins and causes Lyme disease in humans. |
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Definition
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Term
Relapsing fever is caused by a spirochete known as _____ , which is capable of frequently changing its antigenic surgace components. |
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Definition
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Term
____ grows on a special medium enriched with rabbit serum or bovine serum albumin. |
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Definition
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Term
The normal habitat for ___ is salt water. |
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Definition
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Term
What is transovarian transmission? |
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Definition
is a mode of transmmission seen in ticks and some other vectors. In the case of trasmission of Rickettsia rickettsii by ticks, the infected female passes the bacterium to the eggs in her ovary, producing a new generation infected with the bacterium. This mode of transmission contributes to the spread of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), caused by R. rickettsii. |
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