Term
| What are characteristics of pathogenic strains of Neisseria that are useful for identifying them in the laboratory? |
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Definition
| diplococcus with oxidase enzyme activity and fastidious growth requirements |
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Term
| Lipid A causes what symptoms? |
|
Definition
| fever and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) |
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Term
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Definition
| the only genus of Gram-negative cocci that regularly causes disease in humans |
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Term
| What is TRUE about Neisseria gonorrhoeae? |
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Definition
infected woman are often asymptomatic;
the gonococci stick to epithelial cells via fimbriae and capsules;
it causes disease in humans only;
the gonococci secrete a protease that destroys secretory IgA. |
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Term
| Among the areas of the female genital tract, what is NEVER infected with Neisseria gonorrheae? |
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Definition
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Term
| The major damage caused by Neisseria meningitidis is a result of? |
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Definition
| the release of the Lipid A component of lipooligosaccharide(LOS) into the tissues, triggering serious symptoms. |
|
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Term
| what is a diagnostic for Neisseria meningitidis? |
|
Definition
| the presence of Gram-Negative diplococci in phagocytes of the CNS |
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Term
| Members of the Enterobacteriaceae can be distinguished from each other by? |
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Definition
| motility and the ability to ferment lactose |
|
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Term
| What virulence factors do all proteobacteria share? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is TRUE about Neisseria meningitidis? |
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Definition
| humans are the only natural carriers, up to 40% of the population ar carriers, it often causes meningitis, transmission is via respiratory droplets. |
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Term
| a lung specimen from a pneumonia patient contains Gram-negative bacilli. Laboratory test results on the bacteria show they are nonmotile coliforms with a capsule. Which pathogen is the likely cause of the pneumonia? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What coliform is the most common cause of non-nosocomial UTI's? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Serratia is a coliform that? |
|
Definition
| produces red pigment when grown at room temp |
|
|
Term
which of the following pairs are mismatched?
a)coliform Enterobacteriaceae- rapid lactose fermenters
b)noncoliform opportunistic Enterobacteriaceae- Proteus, Morganella
c)noncoliform Enterobacteriaceae- non-lactose-fermenters
d)nonpathogenic Enterobacteriaceae- Salmonella, Shigella
e)coliform Enterobacteriaceae- opportunistic pathogens |
|
Definition
| d)nonpathogenic Enterobacteriaceae- Salmonella, Shigella |
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Term
| Several cases of severe, nonbloody diarrhea with fever and abdominal pain have occurred among a number of people who ate at the same restaurant. Public health officers find a food sample containing noncoliform, nonmotile Gram-negative bacteria capable of metabolizing urea. The "food poisoning" resulted from contamination with? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Shigellosis can be differentiated from salmonellosis by? |
|
Definition
| the presence of nonmotile noncolifroms in bloody diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| what is the causative pathogen for bubonic and pneumonic plague? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria requires heme for its growth? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| a young woman has a pelvic infection. a specimen contains bacilli that are bile salt tolerant, as shown by growth on a bile-esculin agar plate. Her infection is likely caused by? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is true about Pasteurella? |
|
Definition
| it is fastidious in its growth and must be cultivated on blood or chocolate agar, it is nonmotile, it is oxidase positive, and humans are typically infected via animal bites |
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|
Term
| Cat scratch disease is caused by? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Bordetella pertussis, the pathogen responsible for whooping cough, causes diseases by? |
|
Definition
| interfering with the action of the ciliated epithelial cells of the trachea |
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Term
| Rsistance of Pseudomonas to a wide range of antibacterial agents is partly due to its? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease can be prevented by vaccination? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Legionnaires' disease is diagnosed by? |
|
Definition
| fluorescent antibody or other serological diagnostic procedures |
|
|
Term
| What is true about Coxiella? |
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Definition
| it prefers an acid environment, it was once thought to be a virus, it produces an infective body similar in structure and function to endospores produced by some Gram- positive species, it is an obligate intracellular parasite that grows within phagolysosomes. |
|
|
Term
| What is FALSE regarding Coxiella? |
|
Definition
| it must use its host's ribosomes. |
|
|
Term
| Wh is the causative pathogen of Q fever? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How do Prevotella differ from Bacteroides? |
|
Definition
| They are sensitive to bile |
|
|
Term
| What toxins produce by Bordetella pertussis results in the accumulation of excess mucus in the trachea? |
|
Definition
| pertussis toxin and adenylate cyclase toxin |
|
|
Term
| Hemolytic uremic syndrome is caused by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A cystic fibrosis pt develps a severe respiratory infection that resists treatment with standard ABX. A specimen from the lungs is greenish in color and contains aerobic motile Gram-negative bacilli. The patient is probably infected with? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the characteristic lesion of Yersinia pestis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the antimicrobial agent of choice for treating Bacteriodes infections? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria was formerly classified in the same family as Neisseria? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What organism produces concentric wavelike patterns due to swarming cells when it is cultured on agar? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhalation of dried bodily fluids of infected animals |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Meningitis in infants 3-18 months old |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Chancroid or soft chancre? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abortion in infected goats and sheep, but not in infected humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhalation of bacteria in aerosols |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bite of an infected flea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contamination of food by inoculation from cracking an egg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transmitted by human body lice |
|
|
Term
| T/F Some scientists believe that Shigella may actualy be a strain fo E. coli that has become oxidase positive? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Humans are the sole hosts of Salmonella typhi. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Lipid A causes disseminated intravenous coagulation (DIC) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Enterobacteriaceae are rarely pathogenic. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Gonococcal infections result in lifelong immunity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Intravenous ceftriaxone is the drug of choice for treating meningococcal meningitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F By controlling the geneticexpression of Vi and H antigens, Salmonella evades the host's immune system and manages to survive.. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F MacConkey agar is selective for Haemophilus influenzae. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Haemophilus ducreyi is transmitted sexually. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Moraxella is a common cause of bacteremia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Coxiella burnetii is transmitted to humans mainly via the bite of infected tick vectors. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Neisseria meningitidis is able to survive inside macrophages and be transported throughout the body in them. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Untreated gonorrhea in women can lead to a condition known as ______. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Neisseria is distinguished from many other Gram-negative pathogens by being ____ positive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because of the existence of ______ carriers, the eradication of meningococcal disease is unlikely. |
|
Definition
| healthy asymptomatic carriers |
|
|
Term
| Infection with _____ can frequently be diagnosed by the presence of blue-green discoloration of tissues. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The ____ in enteric bacteria allows them to form channels through which bacterial proteins are introduced into the host cell, helping them evade immune surveillance. |
|
Definition
| type III secretion system |
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|
Term
| Antimicrobial therapy in individuals infected with Enterobacteriaceae may worsen the prognosis b/c of the release of large amounts of ______. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The pleomorphic bacterium ____ is an intracellular parasite that can lead to respiratory disease when inhaled in aerosols from moist environments. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Pneumonia caused by ____ often involves the destruction of alveoli and the production of bloody sputum. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Of all the types of Proteus, ______ is the most common species associated with disease in humans. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Scientists have identified over 2000 unique serotypes of Salmonella, but DNA analysis indicates that they belong to a single species: _______. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ________, caused by Yersinia pestis, is not spread from person to person. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ____ are gammaproteobacteria that are oxidase positive and require cytochromes or heme as part of their growth requirements. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The zoonosis _____ can be acquired by humans in a variety of ways, including inset bites and ingestion of infected animals. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Dermonecrotic toxin is produced by _____ and causes localized constriction and hemorrhage of blood vessels, resulting in cell death and tissue destruction. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ is a medical puzzle b/c even though it expresses a wide range of virulence factors, it rarely causes disease. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is treatment with antimicrobial drugs NOT encouraged in patients with diarrhea caused by enteric bacteria? |
|
Definition
| Antimicrobial treament of enteric diarrhea can worsen the prognosis by killing many bacteria at once, releasing large amounts of lipid A. The release of lipid A from these bacteria causes fever, vasodilation, inflammation, shock, and DIC, potentially leading to death. In addition, the diarrhea is normally self-limiting, and the expulsion of the organisms from the body is often more effective than antimicrobial phagocytes. |
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