Term
| What are the three bacteriophage structures? |
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Definition
-Icosahedral tailless (box)
-Icosahedral with tail (lunar lander)
-FIlamentous (rod) |
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Term
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Definition
-It is the protein coat around the viral genome
-It's typically icosahedral (20 equilateral triangle faces) or helical (cylindrical)
-Sometimes has an associated tail for attachment |
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Term
| What does the lytic cycle look like? What is the other life cycle and how would it be produced? |
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Definition
-You have injection, expressoin of viral *early proteins (cro), replication of viral DNA, expression of *late proteins (induced by cro), assembly, lysis
-If this where the lysogenic life cycle, the early protein would be cl, not cro |
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Term
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Definition
-They are early proteins that stipulate either the lytic or lysogenic (dormant) life cycles
-cro calls for lytic; inhibits cl and calls for late phase proteins (structural)
-cl calls for lysogenic; represses cro |
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Term
| In the lysogenic cycle, what two fates are there for the phage genome? What are examples of this? |
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Definition
-Can be incorporated into bacterial genome, at which time we call its genome a **prophage
-An example is **bacteriophage lambda (infects E. coli)
-The other fate of the phage genome is that it exists as a *plasmid-like element that replicates independently
-An example would be *P1 phage (also infects E. coli) |
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Term
Define:
Prophage
Lysogen
Lysogeny
Temperate
Virulent |
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Definition
-Prophage; phage genome in bacterial chromosome
-Lysogen; bacterium containing phage genome
-Lysogeny; process of making lysogen
-Temperate; capable of going lytic of lysogenic
-Virulent; can only go lytic |
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Term
| What is transduction? What is generalized transduction? What is specialized transduction? |
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Definition
-It is when genetic bacterial genetic info gets transferred from one bac to the next using a phage as a vessel
-Generalized is when random genetic info basically hops a ride in the phage capsid to another bac
-Specialized is when the bacterial genetic info surrounding the prophage gets incorporated into the phage and transferred to another bac
-This is much more specific and *depends on lysogeny |
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Term
Define;
Cotransduction
Abortive transduction
Lysogenic/phase conversion |
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Definition
-Cotransduction; Two or more genes get transferred at the same time
-Abortive transduction; Transferred genes not incorporated into new bac
-Lysogenic/phase conversion; transduction that produces a phenotype change (i.e. the ones that matter) |
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Term
Define;
Transduction
Transformation
Conjugation |
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Definition
-Transduction; relies on bacteriophage transfer
-Transformation; uptake of naked DNA (from dead bac)
-Conjugation; plasmid transfer |
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