Any inflammation of the urethra not caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae (STD pathogen)

-presents with urethral itching, dysuria, mucoid urethral discharge

- causes: E coli, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium; no cell wall, aerobic bacillus

8:1 - F:M

-presents with urethral itching and

mucoid discharge

-caused by (1) E coli, (2) Staph saphroliticus - gram positive coccus in irregular clusters -> facultative anaerobe

-in 1/4 of untreated cystitis, it progresses to the kidneys.  Causes dysuria, back pain, hematuria, fever, bacteriuria, nephritis

Main cause: E coli, possibly Mycoplasma hominis

-> no cell wall, aerobic bacillus

proteinuria and hematuria due to swollen glomeruli

-usually caused by Strep pyogenes toxins

-Primary - chancres

-secondary - hand/feet rash, body rash, condylomata lata (white lesions), 

-latent - no symptoms, not infectious

-tertiary -  gummas on internal organs and skin, cardiovascular and CNS involvement

Teponema pallidum- anaerobic spirochaete