Term
| pharyngoconjuctival fever |
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Definition
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Term
| nonenveloped, DS linear DNA with an icosahedral nucleocapsid |
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Definition
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Term
| environmentally stable and replication occurs in host nucleus; transmitted by contact, fecal oral or waterborne route |
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Definition
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Term
| inhibits protein synthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| secondary complication includes ARDS, Cystitis and GI problems |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms include fever, sore throat, tonsillar exudates leukocytosis, and atypical cells |
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Definition
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Term
| hepatosplenomegaly a symptom |
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Definition
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Term
| a DNA virus (gamma herpes virus) |
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Definition
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Term
| contains viral antigens VCA, EA, and EBNAs |
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Definition
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Term
| considered an oncogenic virus |
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Definition
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Term
| transmitted by salivary secretions in developed countries; infects B lymphocytes |
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Definition
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Term
| inhibits cell apoptosis to remain in latency |
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Definition
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Term
| test for it includes detection of heterophile antibodies |
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Definition
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Term
| treat with suppurative care and acyclovir |
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Definition
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Term
| gram +, beta hemolytic, catalase - |
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Definition
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Term
| main cause of strep pharyngitis |
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Definition
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Term
| has a cell surface carbohydrate antigen |
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Definition
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Term
| contains an M protein which helps evade phagocytosis |
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Definition
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Term
| treat with penicillins and cephalosporins (erythromycin for those allergic to penicillin) |
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Definition
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Term
| main complications are acute rheumatic fever, scarlet fever and rheumatic heart disease |
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Definition
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Term
| causes a bull neck appearance (cervical adenopathy) |
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Definition
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Term
| club shaped, gram +, forms gray/black colonies |
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Definition
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Term
| causes respiratory stridor, exudative pharyngitis, yellow leathery oral membranes |
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Definition
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Term
| produces A-B toxin which inhibits protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation of EF-2 |
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Definition
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Term
| can treat with penicillin, erthromycin or vaccination with DTP initially |
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Definition
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Term
| causes parotid and submaxillary tenderness |
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Definition
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Term
| causes leukopenia and leukocytosis |
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Definition
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Term
| an RNA virus part of the paramyxoviridae family |
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Definition
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Term
| a single stranded, - sense, non segmented virus with multinucleated giant cells |
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Definition
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Term
| infects and multiplies in the oropharynx; can have hematological dissemination to cause meningitis |
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Definition
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Term
| treat symptoms with analgesics, inhibit swelling and can use a MMR vaccine |
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Definition
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Term
| barking cough and steeple sign |
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Definition
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Term
| envelope contains H and F proteins; H for attachment and F for entry and spread |
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Definition
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Term
| a single stranded RNA virus, - sense, nonsegmented with synctia produced in infected cells causing cell to cell fusion |
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Definition
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Term
| normally found in children under 6 yrs of age; transmitted by respiratory droplets |
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Definition
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Term
| treat with humidification, epinephrine, and glucocorticoids |
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Definition
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Term
| causes cyanosis, paroxysmal cough and post cough vomiting |
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Definition
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Term
| non motile, gram - aerobic rods |
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Definition
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Term
| nutritionally fastidious and attach via hemagluttinin |
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Definition
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Term
| cause cilia paralysis via toxin; inhibit the Gi complex via ADP ribosylation which increases cAMP |
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Definition
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Term
| produces a hemolysin which kills mucosal epithelium |
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Definition
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Term
| treat with suppurative care, macrolide administration; vaccine is DTP |
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Definition
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Term
| causes respiratory distress, wheezes/rhonci, yellow/green sputum |
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Definition
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Term
| gram - coccobacillary rods |
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Definition
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Term
| require X and V growth factors |
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Definition
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Term
| has 2 groups: group 1 has a polysaccharide capsule found in children and group 2 is unencapsulated and is found in adults |
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Definition
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Term
| type B of this pathogen can be treated by 3rd generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms include high fever, chills, rusty sputum, dullness to percussion and lobar consolidation |
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Definition
| strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia) |
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Term
| gram +, lancet shaped diplococci |
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Definition
| strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia) |
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Term
| alpha hemolytic, catalase -, optochin sensitive |
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Definition
| strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia) |
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Term
| most common cause of community acquired pneumonia |
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Definition
| strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia) |
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Term
| can use penicillin, cefotaxime + macrolide, or vancomycin for treatment |
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Definition
| strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia) |
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Term
| complications include otitis media, empyeme, AECB, meningitis, bacteremia, endocarditis |
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Definition
| strep. pneumoniae (pneumococcal pneumonia) |
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Term
| blood tinged sputum found with alcohol use |
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Definition
| klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia) |
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Term
| part of the enterobacterinacea family |
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Definition
| klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia) |
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Term
| gram - bacilli that are lactose fermenting, urease + and indole - |
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Definition
| klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia) |
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Term
| non motile, non flagellated with a polysaccharide capsule (K antigen) which inhibits C3b, causing antigenic mimicry |
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Definition
| klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia) |
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Term
| common cause of nosocomial pneumonia; high risk in alcoholics |
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Definition
| klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia) |
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Term
| treat with pipercillin (extended spectrum) |
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Definition
| klebsiella pneumoniae (bacterial pneumonia) |
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Term
| symptoms include dry cough, clear sputum, low fever, with patchy infiltrates |
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Definition
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Term
| no cell wall, cholesterol in membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| ciliostasis (prolonged cough) common |
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Definition
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Term
| non productive cough, no bacteria on smear, no beta lactam response |
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Definition
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Term
| complications include steven johnson syndrome and tracheobronchitis |
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Definition
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Term
| treat with azithromycin or doxycycline |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms include high fever, dry cough, patchy interstitial infiltrates, headache, confusion, muscle aches |
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Definition
| legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis) |
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Term
| motile, flagellated, pleomorphic rods |
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Definition
| legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis) |
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Term
| stain faintly on gram stain (gram - features) |
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Definition
| legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis) |
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Term
| nutritionally fastidious, aerobic, motile, flagellated |
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Definition
| legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis) |
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Term
| found in water reservoirs, not person to person |
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Definition
| legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis) |
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Term
| complications include legionairres disease or pontiac fever |
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Definition
| legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis) |
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Term
| treat with a macrolide, fluroquinolone |
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Definition
| legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis) |
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Term
| penetrates mucus layer and inhibits phagolysosome formation |
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Definition
| legionella pneumophilla (legionellosis) |
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Term
| symptoms include acute respiratory distress, prostration, fever, chills, frequent weak cough and a normal chest x ray |
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Definition
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Term
| single stranded RNA, - sense, segmented |
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Definition
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Term
| has hemagluttinin and neuraminidase spikes (H for attachment to sialic acid receptors and N for degrading protective mucus to gain access) |
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Definition
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Term
| can undergo antigenic shift or drift |
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Definition
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Term
| has mainly systemic symptoms with viremia absent |
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Definition
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Term
| type A treated with amantidine and rimantidine |
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Definition
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Term
| secondary infection very common, annual vaccination available |
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Definition
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|
Term
| complications include reyes syndrome, hepatoencephalopathy, and pneumonia |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms include respiratory distress, atelectasis, rhinorrhea and crackles; peribronchial infiltrates present with hyperinflation |
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Definition
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Term
| part of the paramyxoviridae family |
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Definition
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Term
| - sense, single stranded RNA, nonsegmented |
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Definition
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Term
| has a large enveloped glycoprotein (F and G) |
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Definition
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Term
| no hemagluttinin present; multinucleated syncitium present |
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Definition
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Term
| treatment is symptomatic, contact isolation and use of ribaverin |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms include chronic fever, cough, weight loss, night sweats, blood tinged sputum |
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
| are considered obligate aerobes that are acid fast |
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
| mycolic acids in cell wall |
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
| grow on lowenstein jensen agar |
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
| presence of a cord factor which is toxic to PMNs |
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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|
Term
| complication can be pott disease |
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
| treat with INH, RIF, ETB, PZA |
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
| presence of a granuloma encapsulated with fibrin (tubercle) |
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Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Term
| symptoms include dry cough, SOB, pleuritic pain, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| most common mold, thin hyphae (branch at V shape angle) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| airborne conidia inhalation |
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Definition
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Term
| treat with amphotericin B and varaconizole |
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Definition
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|
Term
| complications include an aspergilloma, hematologic dissemination, ABPA |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms include fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, a chest x ray with enlarged hilar and mediastinal nodes with nodular infiltrates |
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Definition
| h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis) |
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Term
| a dimorphic fungus with micro and macro conidia |
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Definition
| h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis) |
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Term
| grows in soil with bird (pidgeon) droppings |
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Definition
| h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis) |
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Term
| microconidia bind CD2 and CD18; engulfed and are transformed into yeast which grow intracellularly |
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Definition
| h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis) |
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Term
| migrate to lymph tissue, can form granulomas; treat with itraconizole and amphotecerin B |
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Definition
| h. capsulatem (histoplasmosis) |
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Term
| symptoms include fever, productive cough, painful skin lesion (verrucous) |
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Definition
| b. dermatidis (blastomycoses) |
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Term
| dimorphic fungus found in wooded areas near water |
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Definition
| b. dermatidis (blastomycoses) |
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Term
| chest x ray reveals nodules and cavitating lesions; treat with itraconizole and amphotecerin B |
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Definition
| b. dermatidis (blastomycoses) |
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Term
| symptoms include fever, joint pain, erythema nodosum (skin dissemination) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| dimorphic fungus inhaled due to soil distrubance (arthroconidia) |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| treat with fluconizole or itraconizole |
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Definition
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|
Term
| symptoms include chronic, intermittent fever, with green sputum, headache, COPD history, steroid use, upper extremity weakness |
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Definition
| n. asteroides (nocardiosis) |
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Term
| aerobic; weak gram +/acid fast |
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Definition
| n. asteroides (nocardiosis) |
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|
Term
| causes maduras foot in the tropics |
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Definition
| n. asteroides (nocardiosis) |
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Term
| caused by inhalation of contaminated dust |
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Definition
| n. asteroides (nocardiosis) |
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Term
| treat with sulfonamides (long term): trimethoprim |
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Definition
| n. asteroides (nocardiosis) |
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Term
| presence of yellow sulfur granules |
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Definition
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|
Term
| considered a periodontal disease with foul sputum, fever and anorexia |
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Definition
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|
Term
| filamentous gram +, anaerobic |
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Definition
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|
Term
| require synergism for infection |
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Definition
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|
Term
| treat with IV penicillin G and oral amoxicillin |
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Definition
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|
Term
| symptoms include chronic cough; common in cystic fibrosis |
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Definition
| pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia) |
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Term
| non fermentative, gram - rods, aerobic; actively motile, have a flagella |
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Definition
| pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| are oxidase + and have a distinction of blue pus and a fruity odor |
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Definition
| pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| presence of a alginate capsule which causes biofilm |
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Definition
| pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| common cause of nosocomial pneumonia; typically found in soil and water |
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Definition
| pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| secrete elastase, exotoxin A, and phospholipase; treat with pipercillin (extended spectrum) |
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Definition
| pseudomonas aeruginosa (pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| symptoms include fever, SOB, thick yellow discharge in the eye |
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Definition
| staph aureus (secondary pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| gram + cocci in grape like clusters |
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Definition
| staph aureus (secondary pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| non motile, catalase +, coagulase + (clumping factor) |
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Definition
| staph aureus (secondary pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| environmentally stable, reservoir is nasal carriers; commonly cause an abscess |
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Definition
| staph aureus (secondary pneumonia) |
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|
Term
| treat with nafcillin IV/vancomycin |
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Definition
| staph aureus (secondary pneumonia) |
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Term
| symptoms include fever, muscle ache, malaise, SOB, a low BP and thromocytopenia |
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Definition
| sin nombre virus (hentavirus) |
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|
Term
| part of the bunyavirus family |
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Definition
| sin nombre virus (hentavirus) |
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|
Term
| rodent born; found in rodent urine/droppings |
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Definition
| sin nombre virus (hentavirus) |
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|
Term
| enveloped, spherical, single stranded RNA, - sense, replicates in cytoplasm |
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Definition
| sin nombre virus (hentavirus) |
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|
Term
| also called pan american zoonosis |
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Definition
| sin nombre virus (hentavirus) |
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|
Term
| treat with suppurative care, ventilators, broad spectrum antibiotics before diagnosis |
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Definition
| sin nombre virus (hentavirus) |
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|
Term
| symptoms include fever, cough, myalgia, SOB, with bilateral interstitial infiltrates |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| + stranded RNA virus; club shaped, "crown like" envelope |
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Definition
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|
Term
| causes infection of the lower respiratory tract with diffuse alveolar damage and desquamation of pneumocytes; only treatment is suppurative care |
|
Definition
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