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Micro Kaplan Review
KYCOM COMLEX
191
Microbiology
Graduate
06/07/2014

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
3 GPC
Definition
staph
strep
entero
Term
6 GPR
Definition
listeria
bacillus
clostridium
corynebacterium
actinomyces
nocardia
Term
1 GNC
Definition
neisseria
Term
most common neonatal meningitis
Definition
S. aglactia
Term
Staph aureus: distinguishing lab markers 4
Definition
catalase neg
coagulase pos
B-hemolytic
ferments mannatol
yellow on blood agar
Term
staph epidermidis: distinguishing lab markers 4
Definition
catalase neg
coagulase neg
y-hemolytic
novobicin sensitive
Term
staph saphrophiticus: distinguishing lab markers 4
Definition
catalase neg
coagulase neg
y-hemolytic
novobicin resistant
Term
strep pneumo: distinguishing lab markers 3
Definition
catalase neg
a-hemolytic
optochin sensitive
encapsulated
lancet diplococci
Term
strep viridans: distinguishing lab markers 3
Definition
catalase neg
a-hemolytic
optochin resistant
Term
GAS (S. pyogenes): distinguishing lab markers 5
Definition
catalase neg
B-hemolytic
bacitracin sensitive
cAMP neg
PYR+
Term
GBS (S. agalacticae): distinguishing lab markers 5
Definition
catalase neg
B-hemolytic
bacitracin resistant
cAMP pos
hydraulizes urate
Term
Enterococcus: distinguishing lab markers 4
Definition
catalase neg
y-hemolytic
PYR+
bile and salt tolerance
Term
S. bovis: distinguishing lab markers 2
Definition
catalase neg
y-hemolytic
Term
#1 cause meningitis, otitis media, and CA pneumonia
Definition
S. pneumo
Term
how to read MacConkey agar
Definition
only grows GNR
lactose fermentation is puruple
Term
lactose fermenters 3
Definition
E. coli
klebsiella pneumonia
enterobacter cloacae
Term
how to read mannitol salt agar
Definition
only grows GPC
mannitol fermentation in yellow
coag negative (non-aureus) staph is clear
coag positive staph (aureus) is yellow
Term
what is regan lowe agar, how do you read it
Definition
charcoal blood agar
selective: charcoal, blood, antibiotic
only grows bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis
Term
S. aureus: locations, transmission, risk factors
Definition
flora in nares and hands
sneezing, surgery, food, hands

surgical packing, tampons, neutropenia, IV drug users, chronic granulomatous disease, CF
Term
4 virulence factors of S. aureus and their basic mechanism
Definition
protein A: binds FC of IgG stopping phagocytosis

enterotoxins: heat stable, causes food poisoning

TSST1: superantigen, overstimulates immune response

SSS: bolus lesions

cytolytic / a toxin: pore forming
Term
7 diseases of S. aureus and the toxin that causes them
Definition
gastroenteritis: enterotoxin

endocarditis: cytolytic toxin

abscess/mastitis

TSS: TSST1

impetigo: exfolatoxin, coagulase, bullase

pneumonia: cytolysins

osteomyelitis: non HIV
Term
what pneumonia has salmon colored sputum
Definition
A. aureus
Term
TX of staph aureus
Definition
naficillin/oxacillin
vancomycin if MRSA
Term
5 virulence factors of GAS and their basic MOA
Definition
hyaluronic acid: non-immunogenic

M-protein: anti-phagocyte, associated with acute GN

streptolysin O: hemolysin/cytolysin, immunogenic

streptolysin S: non-immunogenic

exotoxins: rash and fever in scarlet fever
Term
what GPC can spread fast and why
Definition
GAS
streptokinase, DNAase, hyluronase
Term
5 diseases of GAS
Definition
pharyngitis

rheumatic fever: auto-Ab to heart, HSN II

scarlet fever: sandpaper rash, groin erythema, strawberry tongue

pyoderma/impetigo

acute GN: HSN III
Term
what glomerularnephritis causes smoky urine
Definition
post-streo (GAS) GN
Term
how is GAS diagnosed
Definition
streptolysin O
Term
TX GAS
Definition
B lactams
Term
what microbes have capsules
Definition
Streptococcus pneumo
Klebsiella pneumonia
Hemophalus influenza
Pseudomonas
Neisseria meningitidis
cryptococcus
Term
most common cause of meningitis in neonate, kid, young adult, adult, unvaccinated, AIDS, transplant pt
Definition
neonate- GBS
kid- S. pneumo
young adult- neisseria
adult- S. pneumo
unvaccinated- H. influenzae
AIDS- cryptococcus
transplant- listeria
Term
treatment GBS
Definition
ampicillin and aminoglycoside or cephalosporin
must prevent at birth
Term
S. pneumo: location, risk factors
Definition
colonizes nasopharynx

asplenia, COPD, CHF
Term
4 strep pneumo virulence factors and their basic function
Definition
capsule

IgA protease

pneumolysin O: damages respiratory epithelium, decrease respiratory burst

techichoic acid: chemoattractant for neutrophils
Term
what pneumonia has rust colored sputum
Definition
S. pneumo - lobar
Term
most common cause of CA pneumonia
Definition
S. pneumo - lobar
Term
how do we diagnose S. pneumo 2
Definition
qualling reaction: see swelling of capsule

latex agglutination: test for antigen in CSF
Term
treatment of S. pneumo
Definition
pneumonia - macrolide
meningitis - cephalosporin
otitis - B lactam
Term
types of S. pneumo vaccinations 2
Definition
peds: conjugate
adult: just polysaccharides
Term
give a few examples of S. viridans
Definition
sanginus
mutans
Term
S. viridans: location, 2 diseases, treatment
Definition
oral flora
subacute endocarditis
cavities

prophylaxis needed for susceptible patients in dental procedures
Term
S. bovis: 2 diseases
Definition
endocarditis
POSSIBLE SIGN OF COLON CANCER
Term
E. fecalis disease and tx
Definition
endocarditis in damaged valves
often vancomycin resistant
Term
diseases of enterococci 3
Definition
UTI
biliary
endocarditis
Term
B. cerus: appearance, location, disease
Definition
spores, GPR, box like rods
chinese food
gastroenteritis
Term
B. anthryx: appearance, locations
Definition
spores, box like rods, GPR
animals, skins, warfare
Term
B. anthryx: virulence factors
Definition
anthryx toxin: increases cAMP causing edema and diarrhea
Term
B. anthryx: clinical signs 2
Definition
CXR: mediastinal widening
cutaneous: black eschar, red border, edema
Term
B. anthryx: treatment
Definition
careful with antibiotics because breaking up the bug releases the toxin

cipro or doxycycline
toxoid vaccine
Term
3 obligate anaerobes
Definition
cant breathe air
clostridium
bacteroides
actinomyces
Term
clostridium tetani: stain type, appearance, location
Definition
GPR, soil
spores
puncture wounds (killed by O2)
Term
clostridium tetani: virulence
Definition
tetanus toxin: tetanospasm - blocks glycine and GABA causing muscle spasms
Term
clostridium tetani diseases 2
Definition
risus sardenicus: lock jaw
tetnus: muscle spasms
Term
tx c. tetani
Definition
TIG antitoxin
metrenidazole
penicillin
DTaP vaccine prevention of TOXIN NOT INFECTION
Term
C. botuliniun: appearance, location, 2 virulence factors
Definition
GPR
spores
soil and food

AB neurotoxin blocks ACh release
heat labile toxin
Term
C. botulinium diseases
Definition
adult: INTOXICATION in canned foods
infant: INFECTION causes limpness, flaccid paralysis, due to infection of spores in honey
Term
tx C. botulinium
Definition
adult: trivalent antitoxin
infant: antibiotics can worsen by releasing toxin
Term
C profringens: locations, medial growth, risk factors, appearance
Definition
GPR
soil, colon, food
traumatic implantation
stormy fermentation in milk media
double zone hemolysis
Term
C. profringens: virulence
Definition
a toxin: causes cell lysis (lecthinas)
Term
C. profringens identifications
Definition
neigler reaction: growth on egg yolk agar on side without antitoxin signaling lecthinas activity
Term
C. profringens disease and tx
Definition
gangrene: tense skin
hyperbaric O2
antibiotics
Term
Clostridium difficile: 2 virulence factors ad diagnostic method
Definition
toxin A: enterotoxin damages mucosa and attracts granulocytes

toxin B: cytoplasmic cytotoxin

screen stool for toxin
Term
C. diff diseases and treatment
Definition
associated with clindamycin and cephalosporins
causes pseudomembranous colitis (yellow plaques)

metronidazole, vancomycin if resistant
Term
listeria: appearance, location, virulence factors
Definition
GPR without spores
facultative intracellular
tumbling motility / actin jet motility

listrolysin O
B hemolysin

cold growth: ice cream, cold cuts, hot dogs, cheese
Term
what is actin jet motility and what 3 bugs have it
Definition
listeria, shigella, EIEC
spear of actin punctures cell
Term
listeria: diseases 3
Definition
pregnancy listeriosis: pregnancy allows immune supression, fever, chills, mono like, crosses placenta

neonatal: early granuloma, later meningitis

meninigits: in elderly and renal pt
Term
listeria TX
Definition
ampicillin
gentamycin
Term
corynebacterium: appearance, growth requirements,
Definition
no spores, GPR
aerobic diptheroids
club shape
tellurite medium
chinese letters (V/L)
Term
corynebacterium virulence factor
Definition
diptheria toxin: decreases protein synthesis
adds ADP-ribose to eEF-2
Term
what two bugs decrease protein synthesis via ADP-ribose/eEF-2 pathway
Definition
diptheria and pseudomonas
Term
diptheria disease
Definition
localized microbe but toxin goes systemic
dirty gray pseudomembrane that bleeds when scraped

toxin targets heart and nerves (myocarditis, palsies, neuritis)
Term
diptheria diagnosis
Definition
elik test: if strain makes toxin it makes percipitation line with antitoxin
Term
diptheria tx
Definition
erythromycin and antitoxin
prevent with vaccine
Term
two branching bacteria, how can you tell them apart
Definition
actinomyctes: GPR, branching, ANAEROBE, has SULFUR GRANULES, causes SOLITARY brain abscess

nocardia: GPR, branching, AEROBE, caues SINGLE brain abscess
Term
actinomyces israelli diseases
Definition
location: gingiva, vagina

dental infection
invades bone
tissue swelling and draining abscess
lumpy jaw: cervicofacial swelling due to poor dental hygiene or trauma
CNS: solitary brain abscess
Term
tx actinomyces
Definition
penicillin G
Term
nocardia asteroides and brasiliensis and mycetoma: location and risk factors
Definition
soil, transplant, trauma, immune supression, cancer
Term
nocardia asteroides disease
Definition
cavitary bronchopulmonary disease
can spread to brain and cause solitary abscess
Term
nocardiamycetoma disease
Definition
draining SC granules
cellulitis
Term
tx nocardia
Definition
sulfa
Term
mycobacteria: stain type, growth media, growth requirements, special cell features
Definition
GPR, acid fast, ogligate aerobes

cell wall has increased lipids so resists drying and detergents

facultative intracellular: escape macrophages

grow on lowenstein johnson

stain with auramine: rhodamine staining bacilli (sputum screen)
Term
TB: transmission, 5 virulence factors
Definition
respiratory

sulfatides: inhibit phagolysosome, waxy

cord factor: decrease WBC migration

No LPS layer

exotoxin

ilicts HSV IV response causing ghon complexes/granulomas)
Term
primary pulmonary TB events
Definition
HSV IV response causing ghon focus and complex granulomas with macrophages
Term
reactivated TB events
Definition
erosion of granulomas into airway
Term
when is a PPD positive
Definition
HIV >5mm
AIDS anything at all (have no T cells...)
>10mm in high risk for exposure, IV drug users
>15mm in low risk for exposure
Term
how do you treat a person with a positive PPD
Definition
you dont! positive PPD does not diagnose TB. you do more tests and such
Term
mycobacterium scofulaceum sign
Definition
lymphadenitis of cervical nodes in kids
Term
mycobacterium marinium: cause, signs
Definition
fish tank abrasion causes single granuloma soft tissue infection
Term
mycobacterium leprae: stain type, growth requirements, locations
Definition
acid fact rods
punch bopsy lesion to test
obligate intracellular
nasal discharge and armadillos
Term
2 types of leprae and the difference
Definition
tuberculoid: less severe, Th1 response can supress. LEPROMIN POSITIVE, MACULAR lesions, granuloma, parasthesia DUE TO MACULE MASS EFFECT

leprematous: severe weak CMI response, FOAM CELLS, lepromin negative, NODULAR lesions, parasthesia due to DAMAGE TO TISSUE, LION FACES due to CT distruction
Term
tx leprosy
Definition
dapsone
rifampin
Term
difference between neisseria meningitis and gonorrhea
Definition
meningitidis: capsule, vaccine, respiratory, mannose fermenting

gonorrhea: genital, B-lactaminase
Term
neisseria characteristics of all
Definition
GPC diplococci
flat sides
oxidase positive
glocuse fermenting
Term
N. meningitidis: growth, properities, appearance
Definition
GNC diplococci
kidney bean shape
maltose fermenting
capsule latex
grows on chocolate agar with 5% CO2
LPS layer
Term
N. meninigitids: location, transmission, signs
Definition
5% of population has in nasopharynx
respiratory droplets in crowds

abrupt fever, chills, vomiting, rash

fulminent: in younger kids, adrenal collapse (waterhouse fredricheson) death in 24h
Term
N. meningitidis: virulence
Definition
LPS layer: septic shock, decreases C5-9 causing bacteremia

polysacchardia capsule B antigen: most common in US, not immunogenic NOT IN VACCINE
Term
components of N. meningitidis vaccine and tx
Definition
conjuate: Y, W-135, C, A (NO B IN IT)

tx: rifampin for close contacts
Term
what is the most common cause of urethritis
Definition
chalmydia
Term
features of neisseria gonorrhea
Definition
kidney shaped diplococci
sensitive to drying and cold
pilli with antigenic variation
outer membrane proteins: serotype
opa: antigenic, variable, adherance
Term
gonorrhea growth requirements
Definition
thayer marin chocolate and antibiotics to decrease flora
Term
diseases of gonorrhea
Definition
urethritis
arthritis
endocervicitis
PID
opthalmia: blindness
Term
tx gonorrhea
Definition
erythromycin drops for opthalmia
ceftriaxone
Term
moraxella catarahallis: stain type, diseases
Definition
GNC
otitis media and sinusitis #3
Term
pseudomonas: growth requirements, stain type, color, appearance, cell features
Definition
aerobic
non-fermenting
GNR
oxidase positive
catalase positive
grape odor
slime layer capsule
blue green on EMB/MacConkey
Term
pseudomonas virulence factors
Definition
exotoxin ADD ribosylates eEF2 (like diptheria)

capsule- penetrates well in CF and pneumonia patients
Term
pseudomonas diseases
Definition
pneumonia
hot tub folliculitis
eye ulcer with contacts
erythema gangrinosum: black eschar
UTI HA
swimmers ear
DM malignant otitis externa
Term
what type of microbes florish in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease
Definition
catalase positive
Term
legionella: stain type, shape, growth requirements
Definition
GNR stains poor
needs cystine, Fe for growth (yeast extract with charcoal buffer, fastidious)
grows in water
Term
legionella pneumonia: location, transmission, risk factors
Definition
facultative intracellular
transmission in air conditioning
not human to human
risk in smokers >55, alcoholics, immune supressed
Term
legionares disease
Definition
atypical penumonia, confusion, hyponatremia, diarrhea
Term
pontiac fever
Definition
legionares disease in younger pt
less severe pneumonitis
Term
francisella: cause, stain
Definition
facultative intracellular
rabbit fever
GNR
Term
bordatella: location, transmission, growth requiremenet, stain
Definition
GNR, strict aerobe
human resivour on mucosa
Term
bordatella virulence
Definition
fillamentous hemagluttin: allows to attach to cillia

pertussis toxin: activates islets causing hypoglycemia, attachment

adenylate cyclasetoxin: decreases leukocyte chemotaxis

trachial cytotoxin: kills cillia
Term
4 phases of pertussis
Definition
incubation 7-10d
catarrhal 1-2wk: best cultures, cold like
paroxysmal 2-4wk: whoop, vomiting
convalescent 3-4wk: decreased cough, pneumonia, seizure
Term
growth of pertussis
Definition
raganlow media of direct cough plate or nasopharynx culture
Term
tx pertussis
Definition
erythromycin, macrolides
Term
brucella: stain type, location, sign
Definition
GNR
zoonotic
sweating
Term
6 causes of bloody diarrhea
Definition
camplobacter
shigella
EIEC
EHEC
salmonella
E. histolytica
Term
5 causes of non-bloody diarrhea
Definition
ETEC
vibro
norovirus
rotavirus
persistant = parasites (cryptrosporidium, giardia)
intoxications: B. cerus, S. aures, etc
Term
what bacteria is an exception to bloody diarrhea and why
Definition
EHEC: blood does not come from damage from the bacteria it comes from the toxin so there will be NO fever and NO PMN
Term
why is bloody diarrhea bloody, what are some signs
Definition
invasive and inflammatory
blood, puss, PMN, fever
Term
most common cause of adult and kid diarrhea
Definition
adult: norovirus
kid: rotavirus
Term
most common cause diarrhea in AIDS
Definition
cryptosporidium
Term
main way to tell shigella and salmonella apaet
Definition
both are non-lactose fermenting
shigella is not motile and has no H2S
salmonella is motile and has H2S
Term
most common cause of bloody diarrhea
Definition
camplobacter (usually starts watery)
Term
how can you tell apart the two bloody diarrhea E. coli
Definition
EIEC: + fermentation of sorbitol
EHEC: - fermentation of sorbitol
Term
camplobacter: stain type, appearance, locations, complications
Definition
GNR curved at 42 deg

poultry, invasive, infective at low dose

bloody gastroenteritis, guillian barre, reactive arthritis
Term
H. pylori: appearance, growth requirements, lab reactions, transmission
Definition
curved rod
microaerophilic
oxidase positive
urease positive
fecal oral
motile
silver stain
Term
H. pylori diseases
Definition
invades stomach lining causing duodenal ulcer
MALToma (resolves with tx)
gastric adenocarcinoma (does not resolve)
Term
tx h. pylori
Definition
omeprazole
amoxicillin
clathromyicn
Term
vibro: shape, stain, growth requirements, lab signs
Definition
GNR curved, polar flagella
oxidase positive
ferments sucrose
Term
V. colera: virulence, signs, location
Definition
toxin causes voluminous watery diarrhea, increases cAMP
have to ingest lots has low virulence
acidity in stomach
in human colon, cocepods, shellfish
Term
Vibro parahaemolyticus: disease, cause
Definition
gastroenteritis from undercooked seafood
Term
vibro vulmificus 2 diseases
Definition
gastroenteritis from undercooked seafood
cellulitis: rapid spreading
Term
properities of enterobacter
Definition
GNR
facultative anaerbe
cytochrome C oxidase
turn nitrates into nitrites
LPS layer
endotoxin
antigens (O, H, K, V1)
Term
enterobactericae antigens
Definition
O- cell envelope
H- flagella
K- capsule polysaccharide
V1- virulence capsule on salmonella
Term
how do tell apart the 4 enterobactericae
Definition
E. coli ferments lacrose, klebsiella doesnt

salmonella has H2S and is motile, Shigella isnt
Term
E. coli: stain, fermentation, lab signs, locations
Definition
GNR
ferment lactose
oxidase negative
human colon
enterohemorrhagic comes from cow poo
Term
most common cause of UTI and why
Definition
E. coli, pilli attach to urethra
Term
second most common causes of neonatal sepsis and meningitis (to GBS) and why
Definition
E. coli: K1 capsule
Term
why does E. coli cause sepsis
Definition
LPS layer endotoxin, nosocomal, central lines
Term
4 types of E. coli and who/how to get
Definition
ETEC: travelers diarrhea
EPEC: peds diarrhea
EIEC: distractor for dissentary
EHEC:
Term
#2 infantile diarrhea
Definition
EPEC
Term
what E. coli have toxin
Definition
ETEC: LT toxin heat labile, increases cAMP like vibro

EHEC 0157:H7: verotoxin decreases protein synthesis
Term
what two bugs have toxin that increase cAMP to cause diarrhea
Definition
vibro
ETEC
Term
what two bugs decrease protein synthesis with verotoxin
Definition
EHEC 0157:H7 and shigella
Term
disease of verotoxin
Definition
hemolytic uremic syndrome
Term
signs of EHEC
Definition
not invasive, no fever
bloody diarrhea
no PMM (toxin causes the problem)
no fermentation or sorbitol unlike normal flora E. coli
Term
klebsiella: stain, characteristics
Definition
GNR
capsule
ferments lactose
Term
what causes thick gelantenous red sputum
Definition
currant jelly sputum
klebsiella
Term
diseaes of klebsiella
Definition
UTI nosocomal
pneumonia lobar (esp in alcoholic)
Term
what is the most common lobar pneumonia
Definition
s. pneumo
Term
shiella: transmission, markers
Definition
fecal oral, daycare, humans only

non motile
no H2S
non-lactose fermenting
Term
plaque: types, signs, appearance, tx
Definition
bubonic: infective bubos
pneumonia: warfare, death fast

coagulates in flea and it regurgitates into person

bipolar safety pin, coagulase positive

tx aminoglycocides
Term
4 yersenia
Definition
plaque
coccidiodes
hanta virus
enterocolitica
Term
enterocolitica: growth requirements, signs
Definition
grows in cold
bloody diarrhea
pseudoappendicitis
Term
proteus:lab signs, growth, staining, disease signs
Definition
GNR
swarms
no lactose fermentation
makes urease which makes stones
increases urine pH which makes strones
Term
salmonella: staining, lab markers, types
Definition
GNR
no lactose fermentation
motile H2S

enterolyticus, tymphanirum, typhi
Term
s. typhi: transmission, progression of disease
Definition
fecal oral
human to human

mucosa > M cells > lymph > primary septicemia > seeds organs > gallbladder (home base)
Term
signs of S. typhi
Definition
rose colored spots

DIARRHEA AND CONSTIPATION

osteomyelitis in sickle cell

septicemia
Term
salmonella enteritidis and tynaphrium: location, MOA, diseases
Definition
undercooked chicken, reptiles

need large dose because it is sensitive to stomach acid

no toxin causes inflammation itslf

gastroenteritis
osteomyelitis: esp sickle cell
Term
how can you diagnose salmonella
Definition
hektoen agar: H2S shows as black colonies
Term
hemophalus: staining, shape, lab signs, growth requirements
Definition
GNR pleomorphic
not hemolytic
needs heme, X (hematin) and Y (NAD) to grow
Term
hemophalus virulence factors
Definition
capsule: major virulence factor
satellite: staph is B hemolytic and releaes X and V so hemophalus can grow next to it
Term
diseases of hemophalus
Definition
otitis
bronchitis/pneumonia
epiglogttitis
Term
hemophalus vaccine type
Definition
1st conjugate vaccine that has protein allowing class switch to get bettr Ab response
Term
hemophalus ducrei: signs
Definition
lesion open (increases transmission)
painful cancre
slow to heal without tx
Term
gardenerella: stain, lab signs, growth requirements
Definition
GN
facultative anaerobe
catalase postiive
oxidase negative
Term
gardenerella disease
Definition
vaginal pH disruption,
odor
thin gray fluid
clue cell: vaginal epithelial cell coated with bacteria
Term
pasturella: disease, cause, tx
Definition
cellulitis due to cat bite (dogs pant so less O2 which kills it)
rapid spread
augmentun and clauvonic acid
Term
eikenella corrodens: cause, signs, disease
Definition
human bite
bleach smell
carodes agar
cellulitis
Term
capnocytophagia: risk factures, stain type, cell sign
Definition
dog bite
encapsulated so splenectomy is risk factor
GN
fillamentous
Term
bartonella: stain type, cause
Definition
cat scratch
GNR
Term
HAECK disease
Definition
subacute endocarditis
Term
bacteroides: stain type, growth need, disease
Definition
GNR
anaerobic
infect surgical wounds
Term
treopnema pallidum: growth requirements, how to test for it and in what phase
Definition
obligate pathogen

primary: spiralis on microscopy
secondary: non specific AB test and specific FTA ABS test positive
tertiary: nonspecific test negative, specific positive
Term
signs of syphillis in all stages
Definition
prmary: chanker, painless, lasts few weeks

secondary: rash on palms and soles, condolymata lata, flat wart like, highly infectious

latent none

tertiary: gumma, AORITIS
Term
signs of congenital syphillis
Definition
stillbirth
keratitis
CN VIII dammage
hutchensons teeth: notched
desquamation rash
snuffles
saddle nose
saber shins
Term
tx and SE of syphillis tx
Definition
pen G

jarish-herxheimer rxn: LPS fly off dueing TX inducing shock when tx spirochetes
Term
borellia: appearance, stain, transmission, growth requirements
Definition
large GN
microaerophillic
ixodes tick
Term
borella signs
Definition
primary: bulls eye annular lesion

secondary: fever, chills, muscle pain, nodes enlarged

tertiary: HSN III arthritis migratory, myocarditis, meningitis, bells palsy
Term
leptospira: where does it come from, distinguishing cell feature
Definition
pet pee
hooks
Term
chalmydicea: stages of replication
Definition
elementary enters cell but cannot replicate so turns into reticulate body

it replicates and turns into elementary to leave cell
Term
serotypes and diseases of chalmydia
Definition
D-K: nongonoccal urethritis, PID, conjunctivits

L1-3: lymphogranuloma venerium: swollen nodes, genital elemphantitis, fistula

A-C trauma: follicular conjunctivitis, conjunctival scaring due to inturned lashes leads to blindness
Term
tx chalmydia
Definition
doxycycline
Term
C. psitaci: transmission, disease
Definition
bird poo
atypical pneumonia
Term
C. pneumonia: disease
Definition
walking pneumonia
Term
rickettsia rikettsia: disease, transmission, pathogenesis, signs, tx
Definition
RMSF
dermacentor tick
vasculitis invades endothelium
rash begins at ankles.wrist involving palms and soles

tx doxycycline
Term
R. prowazekii: transmission, disease
Definition
lice in crowded unsanatary area
epidemic
Term
mycoplasma: disease, cell features, growth agar
Definition
extracellular, no cell wall
no B-lactams work!!
peptidoglycan wall
fried egg colonies on Eatons agar

dry hacking cough, atypical pneumonia
spreads fast
young adults
cold agglutinins
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