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Micro Exam 2 Chapter 8
Viruses and Virology
27
Microbiology
Not Applicable
10/04/2021

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Term
host cell
Definition
a virus can only replicate inside another living cell called
Term
bacteriophage
Definition
a virus that infects a bacterial cell
Term
virology
Definition
the study of viruses
Term
20nm to 300nm
Definition
the size of a virus
Term
28nm
Definition
size of a poliovirus
Term
200nm
Definition
size of smallpox
Term
400nm
Definition
size of a mega virus
Term
1000nm or 1mm
Definition
size of a pandoravirus
Term
icosahedral
Definition
shape of adenovirus, polyhedral
[image]
Term
helical
Definition
shape of TMV, has DNA and a capsid [image]
Term
spherical
Definition
shape of influenza virus
Term
complex structures
Definition
shape of bacteriophage [image]
Term
capsid
Definition
protein shell surrounding the DNA/RNA in a virus
Term
capsomere
Definition
smaller structural units making up a capsid
Term
envelope
Definition
extra layer made up of lipid bilayer and proteins
Term
nucleocapsid
Definition
the genetic material along with a capsid in an enveloped virus
Term
attachment
Definition
first stage of viral infection, virus attaches itself to surface receptor of host cell
Term
penetration
Definition
virus injects its DNA into the host cell
Term
biosynthesis
Definition
virus codes and synthesizes viral proteins, capsids, viral enzymes
Term
maturation/assembly
Definition
new virons are created
Term
(cell) lysis
Definition
viral cell break from and kill host cell
Term
virulent phages
Definition
viruses that kill their host cell and enter lytic cycle
Term
temperate phages
Definition
viruses that do not kill host cell and enter lysogenic cycle
Term
lysogenic cycle
Definition
after viral DNA attaches and infects cell, it replicates and spread ex. HIV
Term
lytic cycle
Definition
after viral DNA attaches and infects cells, it replicates and "bursts" out of cell while killing it
Term
retrovirus
Definition
enveloped animal viruses that contain RNA as the genetic material and uses reverse transcriptase to transfer info from RNA to DNA
Term
T cells
Definition
HIV infects _____________
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