Define Management

The planning, organizing, leading and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively.

Effective

A measure of the appropriateness of the goals an organization is pursuing and of the degree to which the organization achieves those goals.

Efficient

A measure of how well or how productively resources are used to achieve a goal.

Give an example of how a manager can be both effective and efficient

A manager can be both effective and efficient by setting the right goals and using as little resources as possible to achieve them.

List and describe the four tasks of management.

Planning: Chose appropriate organizational goals and courses of action to best achieve those goals.

Organizing: Establish task and authority relationships that allow people to work together to achieve organizational goals.

Leading: Motivate, coordinate, and energize individuals and groups to work together to achieve organizational goals.

Controlling: Establish accurate measuring and monitoring systems to evaluate how well the organization has achieved its goals.

List and describe the big five personality traits.

Extraversion: the tendency to experience positive emotions and moods and feel good about oneself and the rest of the world. 

Negative affectivity: the tendency to experience negative emotions and moods, feel distressed, and be critical of oneself and others. 

Agreeableness: the tendency to get along well with others. 

Conscientiousness: tendency to be careful, scrupulous, and preserving. 

Openness to experience: is the tendency to be original, have broad interests, be open to a wide range of stimuli, be daring and take risks. 

Describe the difference between internal and external locus of control.

Someone with an internal locus of control believe that they are responsible for their own fate while people with an external locus of control believe that outside forces are responsible for what happens to and around them.

List the factors that maintain and transmit organizational culture.

Values of the founder

Process of Socialization

Ceremonies and rites

Stories and language

Discuss the relationship between ethics and law

Neither ethics nor laws are fixed principles. Ethical beliefs alter and change with time, and laws change to reflect those changes.

List and describe the four ethical rules for decision making.

Utilitarian Rule: An ethical decision should produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Justice Rule: An ethical decision should distribute benefits and harm among people in a fair, equitable, and impartial manner.

Practical Rule: An ethical decision should be one that a manager has no hesitation about communicating to people outside the company because the typical person in a society would think the decision is acceptable.

Moral Rights Rule: An ethical decision should maintain and protect the fundamental rights and privileges of people.

List and describe the two basic forms of sexual harassment.

Quid pro quo: asks or forces an employee to perform sexual favors to keep a job, receive a promotion, receive a raise, obtain some other work-related opportunity, or avoid receiving negative consequences such as demotion or dismissal.

Hostile work environment: when organizational members are faced with an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment because of their sex.

List the forces in the global environment: general.

Technological

Socio-cultural

Demographic

Political and Legal

Economic

List the forces in the global environment: task.

Competitors

Distributers

Customers

Suppliers

Define values and norms

Norms: Unwritten informal codes of conduct that prescribe how people should act in particular situations and are considered important by most members of a group or organization

Values: Ideas about what a society believes to be good, right, desirable, or beautiful.

List three variables that contribute to incomplete information.

Uncertainty and Risk 

Ambiguous Information

Time Constraints and Information Costs

Define groupthink.

A pattern of faulty and biased decision making that occurs in groups whose members strive from agreement among themselves at the expense of accurately assessing information relevant to a decision.

List the three steps in planning

1. Determining the organization’s mission and goals

2. Formulating strategy

3. Implementing strategy

Define SWOT analysis.

Strengths

Weaknesses

Environmental Opportunities

Threats

List the four ways to expand internationally

Importing and Exporting

Licensing and Franchising

Strategic Alliances and joint ventures

Wholly owned foreign subsidiary

List the four factors affecting organizational structure

Organizational Environment

Technology

Human Resources

Strategy

List the 6 types of integrating mechanisms

Liaison roles

Task forces

Cross-functional teams

Integrating roles and departments

Matrix structure

Direct Contact

List the six steps in decision making. 

1. Recognize the need for a decision

2. Generate alternatives

3. Assess alternatives

4. Choose among alternatives

5. Implement the chosen alternative

6. Learn from feedback