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MGMT 402
Test 1 - Part 1
68
Management
Undergraduate 4
10/01/2013

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Term
motivation
Definition
the arousal, direction, and persistence of behavior
Term
extrinsic rewards
Definition
those that can be given by another person
Term
intrinsic rewards
Definition
that satisfaction a person receives in the process of performing a particular action (internal reward we give ourselves)
Term
economic person
Definition
person who will work for money
Term
incentive pay system
Definition
payed people for what they did
Term
frederick winslow taylor
Definition
scientific management
Term
hawthorne effect
Definition
the social aspects of work are as important to motivation as money. the social person
Term
whole person
Definition
combines both the economic person and the social person
Term
theory x
Definition
people have an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if they can and they must be threatened with punishment to get them to put fort adequate effort
Term
theory y
Definition
people do not have an inherent dislike of work and they will accept responsibility and under proper circumstances, seek it out
Term
content theories
Definition
emphasizes theories that needs motivate people
Term
maslow's hierarchy of needs
Definition
needs are arranged in an order of importance, and once a need is met it no longer exists and the person moves to meet the next higher level need
Term
physiological needs
Definition
keep the physical body alive
Term
safety needs
Definition
people have an inherent need to be safe from fear and harm
Term
belongingness and love
Definition
the need to be nurtured/to nurture
Term
esteem
Definition
to see ourselves as being worthy and capable
Term
self actualization
Definition
needs that we have to reach our fullest potential and to be satisfied with life
Term
ERG Theory
Definition
Clayton Alderfer, Existence, Relatedness, Growth
Term
Frustration Regression Principle
Definition
developed a mechanism that allows people to move up and down the "needs" categories
Term
hygiene factors
Definition
focus on the extrinsic portions of work and in themselves do not motivate, they only make a worker be not dissatisfied
Term
motivators
Definition
focus on the intrinsic portions of work and they do motivate by appealing to the higher level needs of achievement, responsibility, growth, and recognition
Term
Acquired Needs Theory
Definition
David McLelland - there are certain types of needs that people acquire during their lifetime, they are not born with them
Term
Need for achievement
Definition
intrinsically motivated and have the desire to accomplish something difficult and to surpass other people - acquired needs theory
Term
need for affiliation
Definition
need to have close personal relationships with other people - acquired needs theory
Term
need for power
Definition
the desire to influence control over other people and to have authority over people - acquired needs theory
Term
process theories
Definition
attempt to explain how people select behaviors to meet their needs
Term
equity theory
Definition
J. Stacy Adams. workers and teams consciously compare their output/input ratio to that of a referent and the perception is either equity or non equity
Term
motivation
Definition
the arousal, direction, and persistence of behavior
Term
extrinsic rewards
Definition
those that can be given by another person
Term
intrinsic rewards
Definition
that satisfaction a person receives in the process of performing a particular action (internal reward we give ourselves)
Term
economic person
Definition
person who will work for money
Term
incentive pay system
Definition
payed people for what they did
Term
frederick winslow taylor
Definition
scientific management
Term
hawthorne effect
Definition
the social aspects of work are as important to motivation as money. the social person
Term
whole person
Definition
combines both the economic person and the social person
Term
theory x
Definition
people have an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if they can and they must be threatened with punishment to get them to put fort adequate effort
Term
theory y
Definition
people do not have an inherent dislike of work and they will accept responsibility and under proper circumstances, seek it out
Term
content theories
Definition
emphasizes theories that needs motivate people
Term
maslow's hierarchy of needs
Definition
needs are arranged in an order of importance, and once a need is met it no longer exists and the person moves to meet the next higher level need
Term
physiological needs
Definition
keep the physical body alive
Term
safety needs
Definition
people have an inherent need to be safe from fear and harm
Term
belongingness and love
Definition
the need to be nurtured/to nurture
Term
esteem
Definition
to see ourselves as being worthy and capable
Term
self actualization
Definition
needs that we have to reach our fullest potential and to be satisfied with life
Term
ERG Theory
Definition
Clayton Alderfer, Existence, Relatedness, Growth
Term
Frustration Regression Principle
Definition
developed a mechanism that allows people to move up and down the "needs" categories
Term
hygiene factors
Definition
focus on the extrinsic portions of work and in themselves do not motivate, they only make a worker be not dissatisfied
Term
motivators
Definition
focus on the intrinsic portions of work and they do motivate by appealing to the higher level needs of achievement, responsibility, growth, and recognition
Term
Acquired Needs Theory
Definition
David McLelland - there are certain types of needs that people acquire during their lifetime, they are not born with them
Term
Need for achievement
Definition
intrinsically motivated and have the desire to accomplish something difficult and to surpass other people - acquired needs theory
Term
need for affiliation
Definition
need to have close personal relationships with other people - acquired needs theory
Term
need for power
Definition
the desire to influence control over other people and to have authority over people - acquired needs theory
Term
process theories
Definition
attempt to explain how people select behaviors to meet their needs
Term
equity theory
Definition
J. Stacy Adams. workers and teams consciously compare their output/input ratio to that of a referent and the perception is either equity or non equity
Term
equity
Definition
fairness, when the output/input ratio is perceived to be relatively equal
Term
input
Definition
anything the employee brings to an organization
Term
output
Definition
anything the organization provides the employee
Term
output/input ratio
Definition
the relationship between what worker gets and contributes
Term
referent
Definition
another person or team that the individual or team compares their output/input ratio to
Term
expectancy
Definition
the probability that effort will result in the desired performance
Term
instrumentality
Definition
the probability that performance will lead to the attainment of the desired outcome
Term
valence
Definition
the desirability of the outcome
Term
procedural justice theory
Definition
it proposes that workers are motivated when they perceive the procedures used to make decisions about outcomes are fair
Term
reinforcement
Definition
anything that causes a given behavior to be repeated or inhibited
Term
positive reinforcement
Definition
the administration of a pleasant consequence following a desired behavior (pay check)
Term
avoidance learning (negative reinforcement)
Definition
the removal of an unpleasant consequence following a desired behavior
Term
extinction
Definition
the withdrawal of the source of reinforcement meaning the behavior is no longer reinforced, thus less likely to reoccur
Term
punishment
Definition
the imposition of unpleasant consequences used when the behavior should be stopped immediately
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