Term
|
Definition
-lithosphere
-hydrosphere
-biosphere
-atmosphere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what's happening now at a specific location |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| average weather at a location |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| elements of weather & climate |
|
Definition
-air temp
-air pressure
-humidity
-clouds
-precipitation
-visibility
-wind |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
relation between pressure & volume given a constant temp
-increase in P, decrease in V
-decrease in P, increase in V |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
relation between temp & volume given constant pressure
-increase in T, increase in V
-decrease in T, decrease in V |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-hydrogen
-helium
-hydrogen compounds
--methane
--ammonia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-water vapor (80%)
-carbon dioxide (10%)
-nitrogen
-methane
-ammonia
-sulfur dioxide
-very little oxygen
*10-20 times more dense than today |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-clouds formed
-rain fell
-cooling
-oceans formed
-CO2 removed
--air -> water
--water -> rock |
|
|
Term
| release of oxygen into atmosphere |
|
Definition
chemical
-water vapor & UV -> oxygen gas & hydrogen gas
biological
-light & CO2 gas -> biomass & oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-nitrogen (78.08%)
-oxygen (20.95%)
-argon (0.93%)
-neon (0.0018%) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vertical (1mb per 10m)
horizontal (1mb per thousands of meters) |
|
|
Term
| vertical structure of the atmosphere |
|
Definition
-troposphere
-stratosphere
-mesosphere
-thermosphere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| temp decreases with increase height |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| temp increases with increase in height |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| temp decreases with increase in height |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| temp increases with increase in height |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
troposphere (good)
stratosphere (bad) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. oxygen + UV rays -> atomic oxygen
2. atomic oxygen + oxygen -> ozone |
|
|
Term
| vertical variation in composition |
|
Definition
homosphere (0-80km)
heterosphere (80+ km) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-molecular nitrogen
-atomic nitrogen
-atomic helium
-atomic hydrogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
time to complete 1 revolution = 365 1/4 days
-orbit is elliptical
-closest to sun on Jan 3rd |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inclination of the earth's axis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| average kinetic energy of the individuals in a substance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process in which thermal energy is transferred between objects of different temp |
|
|
Term
| mechanisms of energy transfer |
|
Definition
-conduction
-convection
-radition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy transfer through matter by molecular energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transfer of heat by mass movement in a substance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transfer of energy without the need for a medium of transfer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incoming ray hits a particle & scatters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incoming ray hits a particle & comes out at the same angle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-scattering
-reflection
-absorption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
scattering of the short end of the spectrum in a random pattern
(sun at sunset) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
scattering by larger particles in a forward direction
(midday sun) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| angle of incidence = angle of reflection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leads to greenhouse effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-solar radiation is absorbed
-water vapor is the dominate gas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-daily mean
-daily range
-monthly mean
-annual mean
-annual range |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
measurement must occur in the shade
-liquid in gas
-bimetallic
-electrical - thermistor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-temp of our sun doesn't drop below air temp
-temp of inanimate objects won't be impacted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-differential heating of land/water
-ocean currents
-altitude
-geographic position
-cloud cover & albedo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
solid -> ice
liquid -> water
gas -> vapor |
|
|
Term
| differential heating of land/water |
|
Definition
-depth of energy is transferred
-cooling
-specific heat
-evaporation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| amount of energy required to change the temp of a material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prevailing westerly wind
-warm (NYC)
-cool (London) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Quito, Ecuador
-2800m
-13.3 C annual mean temp
Guayaquil, Ecuador
-12m |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
coastal vs continental
-vancouver vs winnipeg
coastal vs inland
-seattle vs spokane
leeward (toward water) vs windward (across water)
-new york vs cali |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. 1/2 earth is covered with clouds
2. world distribution of temp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-increased albedo
-greater reflection to space
-lower high temp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-cloud cover absorbs & reradiates to earth
-higher night time temp |
|
|
Term
| world distribution of temp |
|
Definition
-diff heating of land/water
-ocean currents
-geographic position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-daily max: 2-5pm
-daily min: sunrise
-radiation balance is the key to temp change |
|
|
