Term
| What is radiation, thermal conduction, and convection? |
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Definition
Radiation is the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves.
Thermal conduction is the transfer of energy as heat through a material.
convection is the movement if matter due to differences in density. |
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Term
| Describe how the sun heats the earth's atmosphere and surface. |
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Definition
| the sun heats the surface and the atmosphere by radiation. |
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Term
| Explain how land and water absorb and release heat at different rates. |
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Definition
| land molecules are close together so they absorb faster. Water molecules are far apart so they absorb slower. |
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Term
| where does weather happen in the atmosphere? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is wind created? How does wind relate to air pressure? |
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Definition
| it is created by uneaven heating from the sun. It relates to air pressure by |
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Term
| what causes global winds to form? |
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Definition
| a combination of convection cells and the Coriolis effect. |
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Term
| what is the Coriolis effect |
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Definition
| the apparent curving of the path of winds and ocean currents due to the earth's rotation. |
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Term
| what are the types of global winds, where are pressure belts located, and how do global winds relate to ocean currents? |
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Definition
| the different types of global winds are polar easterlies, westerlies, and trade winds. pressure belts are found every 30 degrees of latitude. they will know when objects in the open ocean will be carried. |
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Term
| how are land and sea breezes created? why are they considered local winds? |
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Definition
| sea breezes are created when air over the ocean is cooler and forms an area of high pressure. When the cool air flows over the land it produces a sea breezes. a land breeze is created when air over land is cooler and forms a high pressure area. the cool air flows over the ocean and forms a land breeze. It is considered local winds because of the short distances that blow from any direction. |
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Term
| why do clouds develop? how are they classified? how are they made? |
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Definition
| clouds are made from water droplets. clouds are classified by form and altitude. clouds develop because |
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Term
| compare and contrast the main types of clouds. what type of weather should you expect from clouds in the sky? |
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Definition
cumulus clouds tend to have flat bottoms. they are formed when hot air rises. the indicate fair weather.
Stratus clouds are formed in layers. they cover large areas. they produce heavy continuous rain. cirrus clouds are thin feathery clouds. they are formed when the wind is stong. it indicates a change in the weather. |
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Term
| how do air masses influence weather in north america. |
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Definition
| It creates the changes in the weather. |
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Term
| how do high and low pressure systems in fronts cause weather change? |
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Definition
| because of how they are positioned. |
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Term
| name and describe the 4 different fronts our weather |
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Definition
| cold fronts, warm fronts, occluded fronts, and stationary fronts. Stationary front happen when cold and warm air meet but don't mix. occluded fronts form when a warm air mass is caught between 2 cold air masses. a cold front is formed when cold air is formed under warm air. warm fronts are formed when warm air is over cold denser air. |
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Term
| describe the 4 different types of precipitation. how are they formed. |
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Definition
| sleet is formed when water vapor freezes when it falls. Hail is formed when balls of ice fall out of the clouds. snow is formed when water vapor is turned into a solid. Rain is formed when the water drops in the cloud become a certain size. |
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Term
| compare and contrast hurricanes and tornadoes. |
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Definition
| tornadoes are formed when a funnel cloud forms in the sky. when it hits the earth's surface it becomes a tornado. hurricanes need warm ocean water to form. |
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Term
| how is weather different than climate? |
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Definition
| weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific time. climate is the average weather condition in an area. |
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Term
| what factors affect climate? |
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Definition
| precipitation and tempretature. |
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Term
| what causes seasons. what is a solstice and an equinox? |
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Definition
| Seasons are caused by the earth tilting on its axis. a solstice occurs when the equator on earth is the farthest distance from the sun. a exquinox is when the equator is neither close to or far away from the sun |
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Term
| How does latitude and the amount of sunlight in an area relate to climate. |
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Definition
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Term
| what is el Nino? what is la Nina? How do these events affect our weather? |
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Definition
| el nino is the warming of the pacific ocean. La Nina is the cooling of the pacific ocean. They both cause a lot of severe weather. |
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Term
| How has earth's climate changed overtime? describe the factors that describe climate change. |
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Definition
| It has changed by uv rays of the sun. |
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