The wind direction shall be determined by averaging the direction over a 2-minute period.

reported in tens of degrees with respect to true north

The wind direction may be considered variable if, during the 2-minute evaluation period, the wind speed is 6 knots or less.

Also, the wind direction shall be considered variable

if, during the 2-minute evaluation period, it varies by 60 degrees or more when the average wind speed is greater than 6 knots.

The wind speed shall be determined by averaging the speed over a 2-minute period.

reported in knots

The wind speed data for the most recent 10 minutes shall be examined to evaluate the

occurrence of gusts. Gusts are indicated by rapid fluctuations in wind speed with a variation of 10 knots   or more between peaks and lulls. The speed of a gust shall be the maximum instantaneous wind speed.

Peak wind data shall be determined with wind speed recorders. The peak wind speed shall be the maximum instantaneous speed measured since the last routine METAR.

a change in wind direction of 45 degrees or more in less than 15 minutes with sustained  winds of 10 knots or more throughout the wind shift.