Term
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Definition
Fairly uniform precipitation composed exclusively of fine drops with diameters of less than 0.02 inch (0.5 mm) very close together. Drizzle appears to float while following air currents, although unlike fog droplets, it falls to the ground |
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Definition
Precipitation, either in the form of drops larger than 0.02 inch (0.5 mm), or smaller drops which, in contrast to drizzle, are widely separated |
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Definition
Precipitation of snow crystals, mostly branched in the form of six-pointed stars. |
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Term
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Definition
Precipitation of very small, white, and opaque grains of ice. |
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Definition
A fall of unbranched (snow crystals are branched) ice crystals in the form of needles, columns, or plates. |
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Definition
Precipitation of transparent or translucent pellets of ice, which are round or irregular, rarely conical, and which have a diameter of 0.2 inch (5 mm), or less. (1) Hard grains of ice consisting of frozen raindrops, or largely melted and refrozen snowflakes. (2) Pellets of snow encased in a thin layer of ice which have formed from the freezing, either of droplets intercepted by the pellets, or of water resulting from the partial melting of the pellets. |
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Term
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Definition
Precipitation in the form of small balls or other pieces of ice falling separately or frozen together in irregular lumps. |
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Term
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Definition
Precipitation of white, opaque grains of ice. The grains are round or sometimes conical. Diameters range from about 0.08 to 0.2 inch (2 to 5 mm). |
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Term
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Definition
Precipitation type that is reported if the automated station detects the occurrence of precipitation but the precipitation discriminator cannot recognize the type. |
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Term
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Definition
Any phenomenon in the atmosphere, other than precipitation, that reduces the horizontal visibility. |
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Term
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Definition
A visible aggregate of minute water particles suspended in the atmosphere that reduces visibility to less than 7 statute miles but greater than or equal to 5/8 statute miles. |
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Term
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Definition
A visible aggregate of minute water particles (droplets) which are based at the Earth's surface and reduces horizontal visibility to less than 5/8 statute mile and, unlike drizzle, it does not fall to the ground. |
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Term
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Definition
A suspension in the air of small particles produced by combustion. A transition to haze may occur when smoke particles have traveled great distances (25 to 100 miles or more) and when the larger particles have settled out and the remaining particles have become widely scattered through the atmosphere. |
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Term
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Definition
Fine particles of rock powder that originate from a volcano and that may remain suspended in the atmosphere for long periods. |
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Term
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Definition
Fine particles of earth or other matter raised or suspended in the air by the wind that may have occurred at or far away from the station which may restrict horizontal visibility. |
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Term
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Definition
Sand particles raised by the wind to a height sufficient to reduce horizontal visibility. |
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Term
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Definition
A suspension in the air of extremely small, dry particles invisible to the naked eye and sufficiently numerous to give the air an opalescent appearance. |
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Term
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Definition
An ensemble of water droplets torn by the wind from the surface of an extensive body of water, generally from the crests of waves, and carried up a short distance into the air. |
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Term
Well-developed Dust/Sand Whirl |
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Definition
An ensemble of particles of dust or sand, sometimes accompanied by small litter, raised from the ground in the form of a whirling column of varying height with a small diameter and an approximately vertical axis. |
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Term
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Definition
A strong wind characterized by a sudden onset in which the wind speed increases at least 16 knots and is sustained at 22 knots or more for at least one minute |
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Term
Funnel Cloud (Tornadic Activity) |
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Definition
(1) Tornado. A violent, rotating column of air touching the ground. (2) Funnel Cloud. A violent, rotating column of air which does not touch the surface. (3) Waterspout. A violent, rotating column of air that forms over a body of water, and touches the water surface. |
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Term
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Definition
Particles of sand carried aloft by a strong wind. The sand particles are mostly confined to the lowest ten feet, and rarely rise more than fifty feet above the ground. |
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Term
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Definition
A severe weather condition characterized by strong winds and dust-filled air over an extensive area. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
The descriptor shallow shall only be used to further describe fog that has little vertical extent (less than 6 feet).
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Term
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Definition
The descriptors partial and patches shall only be used to further describe fog that has little vertical extent (normally greater than or equal to 6 feet but less than 20 feet), and reduces horizontal visibility, but to a lesser extent vertically. The stars may often be seen by night and the sun by day. |
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Term
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Definition
When dust, sand, or snow is raised by the wind to less than 6 feet, "low drifting" shall be used to further describe the weather phenomenon. |
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Term
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Definition
When dust, sand, snow, and/or spray is raised by the wind to a height of 6 feet or more, "blowing" shall be used to further describe the weather phenomenon.
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Term
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Definition
Precipitation characterized by the suddenness with which they start and stop, by the rapid changes of intensity, and usually by rapid changes in the appearance of the sky.
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Term
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Definition
A local storm produced by a cumulonimbus cloud that is accompanied by lightning and/or thunder. Begin a thunderstorm when - Thunder is heard
- Lightning is observed at the station
- Lightning is detected by an automated sensor
and ended 15 minutes after last occurance of any abov. |
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Term
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Definition
When fog is occurring and the temperature is below 0°C, "freezing" shall be used to further describe the phenomena. When drizzle and/or rain freezes upon impact and forms a glaze on the ground or other exposed objects, "freezing" shall be used to further describe the precipitation.
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Term
Location of Present Weather |
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Definition
"occurring at the station" when within 5 statute miles of the point(s) of observation. "in the vicinity of the station" when between 5 and 10 statute miles of the point(s) of observation.
"distant from the station" when beyond 10 statute miles of the point(s) of observation.
Obscurations reported only when prevailing visibility is less than 7 SM or operationally significant except volcanic ash, low drifting *, shallow, partial, or patches of fog Volcanic ash always reported when observed.
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Term
Present Weather - Reporting Order 1 |
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Definition
- Tornadic activity (Tornado, Funnel Cloud, Waterspout)
- Thunderstorm(s) with or without associated precipitation
- Present weather in order of decreasing dominance
- Left to right in table on next slide, 'Present Weather - Reporting Order 2'
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Term
Present Weather - Reporting Order 2 |
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Definition
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