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| chemical reactions that occur within an organism |
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| the change of molecule through hemical reactions |
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| energy that matter possesses becuase of its location or structure |
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| energ that matter possesses because of its location or structure |
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| is the kinetic energy associated with random movements |
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| isolated from surroundings |
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| energy is transferred between system and surroundings |
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| First Law of Thermodynamics |
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Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Energy can be transferred and transformed |
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| Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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| Every transformation of transfer increases entropy in the universe |
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| Living System's Free Energy |
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| is energy that can do work under cellular conditions |
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| a quanitative measure of disorder or randomness |
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Organisms live at the expenses of free energy
During a spontaneous change free energy decreases |
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| proceeds with a net realease of free energy and is spontaneous |
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| absorbs free energy from its surroundings and is non-spontaneous |
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| powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions |
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| is a key feature in the way cells manange their energy resources to do this work |
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| the reactant an enzyme acts on |
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| binds to its subtrate; forming an enzyme-subtrate complex |
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| the region on the enzyme where the subtrate binds |
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| bind to the active site of an enzyme, competing with the subtrate |
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| the end product of a metabolic pathway shuts down the pathway by binding to the enzyme that acts early in the pathway |
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