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| Chemical reactions that occur within an organism. |
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| begins with a specific molecule and end witha product. That are each catalyzed by a specific enzyme. |
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| Breakdown, realease in energy |
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| the capastiy to cause change. Exists in a various forms, of which some can perform work |
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| the energy associatd with motion that is released in a chemical reaction |
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| energy that matter pssesses because of the ocation of structure |
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| kinetic enrgy associated with random movements |
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| isolated from surroundings |
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| Energy is translated betwwen system and surroundings |
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| First law of thermodynamics |
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| energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy can be transferred and transformed |
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| Second law of thermodynamics |
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| Every transformation or transfer increases entropy in the universe |
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| change of a reaction tells us whether the reaction occurs spontaneously |
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| proceeds with a net realease of free energy and is spontaneous |
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| Absorbs free energy from its surroundings and is not-spontaneous |
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| powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions |
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| a key feature in the way cells manage their energy resources to do this work |
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| A chemical agent that speeds up a reaction withought being consumed by the reaction |
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| the initial amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction. Often suppiled in the form of heat from the surroundings in a system |
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| the reactant an enzyme acts on |
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| the region on the enzme where the substrate binds |
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| brings chmical groups of active site into postitions that enhance their ability to catalyze the chemical reaction |
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| non-protein enzyme helpers |
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| control metabolism, thus a cell's metabolic pathways must be tightly regulated |
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| the end product of a metabolic pathway shuts down the pathway bu binding to the enzyme that acts early in the pathway |
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