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Metabolism Definitions and Ecological Roles of Bacteria
Mr. Richards AP Bio CHHS Quiz
19
Biology
12th Grade
09/26/2024

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Term
Autotroph
Definition
Organism that can use inorganic carbon as its sole source of carbon.
Term
Photoautotroph
Definition
Produces complex organic substance from carbon using the energy from light.
Term
Chemoautotroph
Definition
Produces complex organic substances from carbon using the energy from inorganic substances such as ammonia, sulfur, and iron.
Term
Heterotroph
Definition
Organism that cannot use inorganic carbon as its sole source of carbon.
Term
Photoheterotroph
Definition
Can create its own complex organic substances from organic carbon using the energy from light
Term
Chemoheterotroph
Definition
Can extract the energy from complex organic compounds made by other organisms but can't do much.
Term
Obligate aerobes
Definition
Must use oxygen for cellular respiration.
Term
Obligate anaerobes
Definition
Killed by atmospheric concentrations of oxygen.
Term
Facultative anaerobes
Definition
Can use oxygen if present, but can carry out anaerobic respiration in anaerobic conditions.
Term
Decomposer
Definition
Breaks down dead organisms and the waste products of organisms to release usable forms of carbon, nitrogen, and other elements for use by other organisms.
Term
Symbiosis
Definition
Ecological relationship between 2 species.
Term
Host
Definition
The larger organism in a symbiotic relationship.
Term
Symbiont
Definition
The smaller organism.
Term
Mutualism
Definition
Both species benefit.
Term
Paraitism
Definition
One species benefits while the other species is harmed.
Term
Pathogen
Definition
A parasite that causes disease (Exotoxins, Endotoxins).
Term
Exotoxins
Definition
Toxic proteins secreted by certain bacteria that causes disease.
Term
Endotoxins
Definition
Lipopolysaccharide componentns of the gram-negative bacterial cell wall that causes disease.
Term
Commensalism
Definition
One species benefits while the other is unaffected.
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