Term
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Definition
| River valley civilization |
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Term
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Definition
-Mesopotamia means "land between 2 rivers"(Tigris and Euphrates/Fertile Crescent)
-Modern-day Iraq
-rivers flood once a year(unpredictable, little rain)
-Sumerians(1st to settle/small city-state)
-Open Plains(no natural barriers)
-Limited Resources(stone, metal, wood, etc.) |
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Term
| Solutions to Natural Problems |
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Definition
-dig irrigation ditches
-built mud walls as barriers
-trade for resources |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-acted as their own country
-include city, farms, and surrounding villages/controlled by temple priests(crops depend on Gods)
-during war, men are chosen to lead for war(created a permanent military leader/commanders became full-time rulers "monarchs") |
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Term
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Definition
3300-2350 b.c.e.
-Kish, Uruk, *Ur*, Nipper, etc.(in Sumer)
-Sargon(2350 b.c.e.), king of Akkad--conquered all city-states "King of Sumer and Akkad"(1st to unite under 1 ruler)
-regained independence 200 years later--3rd dynasty(ur)rules from 2112-2004 b.c.e.
-resumed inter-urban warfare
-Hammurabi(1792-1750 b.c.e.)King of "Old Babylonia" controlled Mesopotamia(Sumer and Akkad) |
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Term
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Definition
-polytheistic(many gods)
-animism(gods control nature)
-ziggurats(huge temples to honor gods/center of city and life)
-believed in after-life
-sacrificed animals for good growing seasons |
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Term
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Definition
-classes(highest-lowest)priests and kings/wealthy merchants/laborers and commoners/slaves
-women=no school/own property and work |
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Term
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Definition
-cuneiform(wedge-shaped writing system)
-# system(360 degree circle)
-Architecture(ziggurats, domes, and arches)
-Tax System(supported gov't)
-made bronze(tin and copper)
-used wheel
-written law(Code of Hammurabi) |
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Term
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Definition
-nomadic warriors(amorites) invaded Mesopotamia and made Babylon the capital
-helped Babylon reach all-time high
-collected laws and put them together(cultural diffusion) |
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