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Mental Retardation Ch. 6-7
Key terms for ED 621 @ GVSU
15
Education
Graduate
10/05/2011

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Term
Transfer/generalization of Skills
Definition
Learning or regularly performing a skill can affect, either positively or negatively, the learning of a second skill.
Term
Metacognition
Definition
Thinking about thinking - an awareness of how and when to use certain learning strategies.
Term
Distractibility
Definition
a condition in which the attention of the mind is easily distracted by small and irrelevant stimuli
Term
Short-term Memory
Definition
memory that involves recall of information for a relatively short time (as a few seconds)
Term
Learned Helplessness
Definition
a technical term in animal psychology and related human psychology, means a condition of a human person or an animal in which it has learned to behave helplessly, even when the opportunity is restored for it to help itself by avoiding an unpleasant or harmful circumstance to which it has been subjected.
Term
Locus of control
Definition
an individual's perception about the underlying main causes of events in his/her life
Term
Self-concept
Definition
how we think about and evaluate ourselves. To be aware of oneself is to have a concept of oneself.
Term
Self-regulation
Definition
Self Regulation is the ability to attain, maintain and change your level of arousal appropriately for a task or situation. Arousal is considered a state of the nervous system and describes how alert someone feels. To attend, concentrate and perform tasks according to situational demands, the nervous system must be in an optimal state of arousal (or alertness) for the particular task. Adults use a variety of subtle sensory techniques to maintain their arousal level.
Term
Self-determination
Definition
A person’s ability to engage in self-managed, goal-focused, independent, behavior.
Term
Extrinsic motivation
Definition
The desire or push to perform a certain behavior based on the potential external rewards that may be received as a result.
Term
Stereotypical Behavior
Definition
is a repetitive or ritualistic movement, posture, or utterance, found in people with mental retardation,
Term
Self-injurious behavior
Definition
Abnormal behaviors that are harmful to oneself, such as head-banging or scratching or biting oneself.
Term
Attention
Definition
Notice taken of someone or something; the regarding of someone or something as interesting or important
Term
Motivation
Definition
The reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way
Term
Dual Diagnosis
Definition
Describes people with mental retardation who also have a psychiatric disorder.
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