What is the term for Mental Illness?

it is clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome marked by the pts. distress, disability, or the risk of suffering disability or loss of freedom.

What is the Mental Health Continuum based on?

According to the Mental Health Continuum how does a person in a Well-Being state react to Stressors?

Adequate to high-level functioning in response to routine stress and resultant anxiety or distress.

T or F

There is a Middle ground in between how mental health and mental illness can be conceptualized relating to the Mental Health Continuum?

Definetly True

What characteristics would appear for concern when a person has Emotional Problems in their actions or feelings?

Mild to moderate distress, and Mild or Temperary Impairment

What is considered Characteristics of someone who has a mental illness?

Marked Distress, and Moderate to Disabling or Chronic Impairment

What is the DSM-IV-TR?

(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)

A thick manuel tha classifies more than 300 mental disorders.

States that there is evidence suggesting that the symptoms and causes of a momber of disorders are influenced by cultural and ethnic factors.

What is the DSM-IV-TR's purpose?

To help health care workers evaluate and factor into an individual's plan of care.

(Has an Axis System, by requiring judgements to be mad on each of 5 Axes, forces the diagnostician to consider a broad range of information.)

What is Axis I?

What does Axis I refer to?

The collection of signs and symptoms that togeter constitute a particular Disorder

-So the Diagnosis or Disorder-

What does Axis II refer to?

Personality Disorders consisting of either

Mental Retardation(mentally delayed)

or a Antisocial Disorder

(ex. OCD, Narcissistic, Paranoid...)

What does Axis III refer to?

Any general Medical Conditions believed to be relevant to the mental disorder in Question

(ex. neurological dysfunxn, or Diabetes)

What does Axis IV refer to?

Psychosocial and Enviromental problems

(ex. occupational, or interpersonal difficulties)

Finally, What does Axis V refer to?

GAF

Global Assessment of Functioning

gives indication of person's best livel of psychological, social, and occupational functioning during the preceding year, rated (1-100)

100 being the Best Functioning

What is the scope of practice for a 

Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse?

Promoting mental health through assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of human responses to disorder or mental health problems.

Learns to assess and diagnose pts. illnessess, identify outcomes , plan, implement, and evaluate nursing care

(chooses to work in Mental Health)

What is the ID in Freud's theories?

The source of all drives, instincts, reflexes,needs, genetic inheritance, and capacity to respond

(Ex: a hungry, screaming infant)

What is the Ego in Freud's theories?

emerges in the 4th or 5th month of life, is the problem solver and reality tester.

Uses reality testing meaning the individual is factoring in reality to implement a plan to decrease tension (delaying gratification)

Example of the Ego:

A hungry man feels tension arising from the ID.

His EGO at this time allows him to what?

The EGO allows him to not only think about his hunger but to plan where he can eat and to seek that destination.

(reality testing)

What does Superego refer as according to Freud?

This is the conscience or moral component of personality.  It seeks perfection rather than the pleasure of the ID or reality of the EGO.

(ex:  Wants to help the whole world, has the world over their shoulders.)

It is patient holding feelings towards the nurse or therapist that the pt. held towards significant others in his or her life.

(pt. towards nurse)

What is countertransference?

Health care worker's unconsious feelings and personal response to the patient.

Ex: "That kid reminds me of my brother"

(Nurse to Patient)

What is Freud's psychoanalysis about?

the premise that all mental illness is caused by early intrapsychic conflict, such therapy is timely and expensive so it is usually not used but two terms come from

-psychoanalysis-

(transference and countertransference)

Who was the theorist responsible for

Classical Conditioning?

Pavlov (1928)

found that when a neutral stimulus (a bell) was repeatedly paired with another stimulus (food that triggered salivation, eventually the sound of the bell alone cold elicit salivation in the dogs.

Who is the theorist responsible for

Operant Conditioning?

Skinner (1987)

researched that voluntary behaviors are learned through consequences, and behavioral responses are elicited through reinforcement, which causes a behavior to occur more frequently.

(Ex: positive- reward for good grades)

True or False

Operant Conditioning can be both

positive or negative

True

positive or negative reinforcement

What is the term that involves the development of

behavioral tasks customized to the pts specific fears?

 Systematic Desensitization

These tasks are presented to pt. while using learned relaxation techniques

Skinner's Operant Conditioning used  these (2) ways to reinforce behaviors?

Desensitization

and

Aversion

What is Adversion Therapy?

 Extinguishing undesirable behaviors with adversive stimuli

(Ex: foul-tasting substance on nails to stop biting, or thumb to stop sucking, chemicals to induce N/V, disturbing scenes)

T or F

 Punishment and Negative Reinforcement is the same thing

False,

Punishment introduces an unwanted stimulus after a behavior not before.

Aversive therapy is not very useful because as soon as the unwanted stimulus is removed, the negative behavior slowly comes back.

What kind of therapy proposes that all of a client's issues could be identified as elements of a Triad.

(Triad-helps nurse understand the client's negative view of self in depression.)

Cognitive Therapy

 This therapy also helps Therapists works with the client to develop a problem list, gives client homework, and evaluates successes and failures