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Definition
| Obsession, compulsion, or loss of control with respect to use of a drug (e.g. alcohol), with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors that influence its development, Use of the drug continues despite the presence of related problems and a tendency to relapse after stopping use. |
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| A support group for spouses and friends of alcoholics. |
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| A nationwide network for children older than 10 years of age who have alcoholic parents. |
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| A self-help group for recovering alcoholics that provides support and encouragement to those involved in continuing recovery. |
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| The concentration of alcohol in a person's blood. |
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| A term used to describe coping behaviors that prevent individuals from taking care of their own needs and have as their core a preoccupation with the thought and feelings of another or others. It usually refers to the dependence of one person on another person who is addicted in one form or another. |
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Definition
| Disorders that occur at the same time as the psychiatric disorders and may be associated with the disorder. |
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Definition
| Helping a chemically dependent individual avoid experiencing the consequences of his or her drinking or drug use. It is one behavioral component of a codependency role. |
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Definition
| Transitory recurrences of perceptual disturbance cause by a person's earlier hallucinogenic drug use when he or she is in a drug-free state. |
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Definition
| Identifying and preventing risky situations that may result in psychological deterioration or substance abuse. |
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| Substance abuse intervention |
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Definition
| A meeting in which the significant others of a person with an addiction point out current problems and offer treatment alternatives. |
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Definition
| A group approach to treatment where patients and therapists live together in an environment based on the concepts of therapeutic milieus. |
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Definition
| The physiological decrease in reaction to a drug with repeated administrations of the same dose. |
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Term
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Definition
| The negative physiological and psychological reactions that occur when a drug taken for a long period of time is reduced in dosage or no longer taken. |
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Term
| A patient admitted yesterday for injuries sustained while intoxicated believes bugs are crawling on the bed. The patient is anxious, agitated, and diaphoretic. What is the priority nursing diagnosis? |
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Definition
Risk for injury
The patient’s clouded sensorium, sensory perceptual distortions, and poor judgment predispose a risk for injury. Safety is the nurse’s priority. The scenario does not provide data to support the other diagnoses. |
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Term
| An alcohol dependent patient says, “Drinking helps me cope with being a single parent.” Which response by the nurse would help the patient conceptualize the drinking more objectively? |
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Definition
“Tell me what happened the last time you drank.”
This response will help the patient see alcohol as a cause of the problems, not a solution. This approach can help the patient become receptive to the possibility of change. The other responses directly confront and attack defenses against anxiety that the patient still needs. They reflect the nurse’s frustration with the patient. |
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| The most therapeutic manner for a nurse working with a patient beginning treatment for alcohol dependence is to take a strongly confrontational approach. |
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Definition
False
Support and empathy assist the patient to feel safe enough to start looking at problems. Counseling during the early stage of treatment needs to be direct, open, and honest, not strongly confrontational. Confrontation will increase patient anxiety and cause the patient to cling to defenses. |
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Term
| An adult in the emergency department states, “Everything I see waves. I am outside my body looking at myself. I think I’m losing my mind.” Vital signs are slightly elevated. The nurse should suspect: |
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Definition
LSD ingestion.
The patient who is high on lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) often experiences synesthesia (visions in sound), depersonalization, and concerns about going “crazy.” Synesthesia is not common in schizophrenia. CNS stimulant overdose more commonly involves elevated vital signs and assaultive, grandiose behaviors. Phencyclidine (PCP) use commonly causes bizarre or violent behavior, nystagmus, elevated vital signs, and repetitive jerking movements. |
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| Police bring a patient to the emergency department after an automobile accident. The patient is ataxic and has slurred speech and mild confusion. The blood alcohol level is 0.4 mg%. Considering the relationship between the behavior and blood alcohol level, which conclusion is most probable? The patient: |
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Definition
has a high tolerance to alcohol.
A nontolerant drinker would be in coma with a blood alcohol level of 0.40 mg%. The fact that the patient is moving and talking shows a discrepancy between blood alcohol level and expected behavior and strongly indicates that the patient’s body is tolerant. If disulfiram and alcohol are ingested together, an entirely different clinical picture would result. The blood alcohol level gives no information about ingestion of other drugs. |
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Term
| Which assessment findings are likely for an individual who recently injected heroin? |
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Definition
Drowsiness, constricted pupils, slurred speech.
Heroin, an opiate, is a CNS depressant. Blood pressure, pulse, and respirations will be decreased and attention will be impaired. The distracters describe behaviors consistent with amphetamine use, symptoms of narcotic withdrawal, and cocaine use. |
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Term
| When assessing a patient who ingested flunitrazepam (Rohypnol), the nurse would expect: |
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Definition
anterograde amnesia.
Flunitrazepam is also known as the "date rape drug" because it produces disinhibition and relaxation of voluntary muscles as well as anterograde amnesia for events that occur. The other options do not reflect symptoms commonly seen after use of this drug. |
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Term
| A patient asks for information about Alcoholics Anonymous. Select the nurse’s best response. “Alcoholics Anonymous is a: |
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Definition
self-help group for which the goal is sobriety.”
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a peer support group for recovering alcoholics. Neither professional nor peer leaders are appointed. |
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| When a patient first began using alcohol, two drinks produced relaxation and drowsiness. After 1 year, four drinks are needed to achieve the same response. This change has occurred because the patient has developed tolerance. |
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Definition
True
Tolerance refers to needing higher and higher doses of a drug to produce the desired effect. |
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Term
| A nurse prepares for an initial interaction with a patient with a long history of methamphetamine abuse. Which is the nurse’s best first action? |
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Definition
Self-assess personal attitude, values, and beliefs about this health problem.
The nurse should show compassion, care, and helpfulness for all patients, including those with addictive diseases. It is important to have a clear understanding of one’s own perspective. Negative feelings may occur for the nurse; supervision is an important resource. |
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