Term
| biological causes of mental illness |
|
Definition
genetics
nutrition
infectious processes
neurotransmitter imbalances in brain |
|
|
Term
| psychiatric disorders have been described differently across ______________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| similar psychiatric symptoms may have considerably different _____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorders develop from altered genes interacting to create a risk factor which is expressed as an illness in difficult life circumstances (may be transient) |
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|
Term
| extrapyramidal motor system |
|
Definition
| nerve trunk connecting thalmus to basal ganglia, controls muscle tone reflexes, automatic motor mvts like walking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
emits serotonin
(depression and fibromyalgia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| motor speech function, personality, executive functions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| memory and emotional behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pleasure center, may be involved in addiction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
compensates for loss of fx
nerve signals may be rerouted
cells learn new fx
nerve tissues may be regenerated |
|
|
Term
| small molecules that directly and indirectly control the opening or closing of ion channels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reduce the membrane potential and enhance the transmission of the signal btwn neurons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NTs that slow down nerve impulses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| psychotropic meds work by... |
|
Definition
| blocking uptake or reuptake of NTs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stores NTs
releases NTs when excited |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space btwn presynapse and postsynapse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
receives impulse when transmitted
releases NTs after impulse if received |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cognition, motor, invol motor mvts, neuroendocrine functions |
|
|
Term
| over-activity of dopamine is implicated in what? |
|
Definition
schizophrenia and other psychosis
(some with increased DA and some with decreased) |
|
|
Term
| use of which substances causes DA release? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| serotonin (5-HT) functions |
|
Definition
| appetite, sleep, mood, pain perception, vomiting, hallucinations |
|
|
Term
| underactivity of serotonin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dysregulation of serotonin is implicated in... |
|
Definition
| anxiety, violence, schizoaffective and personality disorders |
|
|
Term
| norepinephrine (NE) functions |
|
Definition
mood states
learning and memory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alzheimer's and Korsakoffs' syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
higher intellectual functioning
memory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| melatonin is synthesized from __________ and is implicated in ______ _______ _______ when in shortage |
|
Definition
serotonin
seasonal affective disorder and sleep/wake cycle |
|
|
Term
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an.... |
|
Definition
| inhibitory NT (decreases neurotransmission |
|
|
Term
| low levels or fewer GABA receptors causes more susceptibility to ... |
|
Definition
anxiety disorders
seizures |
|
|
Term
| What increases GABA function for antianxiety, anticonvulsant, sedative and muscle relaxant properties? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| GABA action is destroyed by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glutamate and aspartate are implicated in which mental disorder? |
|
Definition
| Kindling phenomenon see in bipolar |
|
|
Term
| Changes in the sensitivity of receptors is caused by: |
|
Definition
effect of drugs on receptor site
disease that affects receptor site |
|
|
Term
| Interventions to regulate NTs |
|
Definition
meds
ECT
cognitive therapy
alternative therapy (relaxation, biofeedback) |
|
|
Term
| explores interaction btwn CNS, endocrine and immune systems; impact of stress on these interactions; impact of psychological and medical interventions |
|
Definition
| Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
decreased WBCs after marathon, sleep deprivation, space flight, death of spouse, depression
increased stress decreases natural killer cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study and measure of time structures of biologic rhythms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| custom drugs based on genetic profiles to avoid side effects |
|
|
Term
| changes in sleep patterns r/t depression |
|
Definition
| more rapid onset of REM and decrease in delta sleep |
|
|
Term
| evoked potentials measure... |
|
Definition
| brain response to stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first meeting
confidentiality
testing relationship
ends when pt begins identifying problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
id problem
problem solving |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
problems resolve
relationship ends |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
unconscious inappropriate intensity of feelings on the part of the patient
nurse must confront distorition or reality and facililtate awareness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inappropriate intensity of nurse's feelings
nurse must increase self-awareness |
|
|
Term
| the process of understanding one's own beliefs, thoughts, motivations, biases, and limitations, and recognizing how they affect others |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Johari's Window quadrant 1 |
|
Definition
| open quadrant known to self and known to others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
blind quadrant
known to others but not known by self |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hidden quadrant
private life space, personal secrets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
unknown
unconscious self and unknown to others |
|
|
Term
| increasing self-awareness |
|
Definition
listen to self, to others
reveal to others imp. aspects about self |
|
|
Term
| therapeutic communication |
|
Definition
| ongoing process of interaction in which meaning emerges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
attitudes and behaviors taught
logical, rational, realistic
feelings from childhood |
|
|
Term
| complementary transaction |
|
Definition
| adult to adult, respectful |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one party as an adult and one as the parent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| appears to be adult to adult but in reality the client is asking for parenting from the nurse, but does not really want i tso rejects all ideas suggested |
|
|
Term
| in therapeutic communication, the _____________ should be the focus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| self-disclosure should only be used if it is __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| instead of giving advice... |
|
Definition
| ask questions so they figure it out themselves |
|
|
Term
| choosing the best response begins with _____ and ______ the patient's communication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| explicitly checking out on'e own thoughts or feelings with another person |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
space
vocal cues
action cues
object cues |
|
|
Term
| potential boundary violations |
|
Definition
role
time
place
money
gifts
clothing
language
self disclosure
post discharge social
physical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dedicating life to meeting needs of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive day dreaming as a substitute for human relationships, more effective action, or problem solving |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separating of ideas from the feelings originally associated with them |
|
|
Term
| projective identification |
|
Definition
| ex: child is mat at parent, who in turn becomes angry at the child but may be unsure why. Child then feels justified at being angry at parent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substituting behavior, thoughts, or feelings that are diametrically opposed to one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compartmentalizing opposite affect states and failing to integrate the positive and negative qualities into cohesive images |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| channeling potentially maladaptive feelings or impulses into socially acceptable behavior |
|
|
Term
| analysis of patient interaction should include: |
|
Definition
symbolism
content themes
communication blocks |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of cognitive behavioral techniques |
|
Definition
evidenced based
goal oriented
practical
collaborative
open
homework, measurements
active
short term |
|
|
Term
| classical conditioning (Pavlov) |
|
Definition
stimulus-response
involuntary
useful for phobias |
|
|
Term
| Operant conditioning (Skinner) |
|
Definition
use of reinforcement
voluntary behavior is learned
activity is strengthened or weakened by consequences
tokens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| controlling or avoiding an unpleasant stimulus with increased desirable behavior |
|
|
Term
| Which reinforcement schedule is most effective? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
penalty for undesirable behavior
ex: losing allowance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eliminate behavior by ignoring or not rewarding it |
|
|
Term
| three cognitive processes involved in the development of mental disorders |
|
Definition
cognitive triad (thoughts abt self, world, future)
cognitive distortions (shoulds, oughts...)
schema (personal filter) |
|
|
Term
| cognitive behavioral therapy |
|
Definition
Aaron beck
people are disturbed by perceptions, not actual events |
|
|
Term
| Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy |
|
Definition
Activating event
Belief system
Consequences of belief system
Dispute unreasonable expectations
Effective outlook development
Albert Ellis |
|
|
Term
| 3 types of cognitive behavioral strategies |
|
Definition
anxiety reduction
cognitive restructuring
learning new behavior |
|
|
Term
| anxiety reduction strategies |
|
Definition
relaxation
biofeedback
desensitization
flooding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
exposure to imagined stimulus (pictures)
real stimulus (snake) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
monitor thoughts
questioning evidence
examining alternatives
what if?
reframing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
part of cognitive restructuring
stop negative thinking
use an image, sensation or circumstance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
model
shape (prompt, time out)
token economy
social skills training
role play
contracting
aversion therapy
positive imagery
psycho-educational resources
humor |
|
|
Term
| dialectical behavior therapy |
|
Definition
| accepting maladaptive behavior while working to change them and teach skills |
|
|
Term
| solution-focused brief therapy |
|
Definition
assists in exploring life w/o problem
id and amplify change
create new reality
focus on achievement of specific, concrete and achievable goals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| focusing on details but not on other relevant information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drawing negative conclusion without supporting evidence |
|
|
Term
| _________ disorders are associated with high levels of impairment in occupational, social and physical functioning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| potential causes of mood disorders |
|
Definition
| substance induced or non-psychiatric medical conditions like hypothyroid or hyperthyroid |
|
|
Term
| major depressive disorder (MDD) definition |
|
Definition
| depressed mood/loss of interest or pleasure in nearly activities for AT LEAST 2 WEEKS, plus 4 additional symptoms |
|
|
Term
| additional symptoms of MDD |
|
Definition
sleep disorder
interest deficit
guilt
energy deficit
concentration deficit
appetite disorder
psychomotor retardation or agitation
suicidality |
|
|
Term
| dysthymic disorder criteria |
|
Definition
depressed mood for most days for at least 2 years PLUS 2 or more:
sleep disorder
guilt
energy deficit
concentration deficit
appetite disorder
poor self esteem |
|
|
Term
| mood in depressed children may be _____ rather than _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| group with the highest suicide rate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How may mood disorder present in children? |
|
Definition
| anxiety, somatic symptoms, behavioral changes including suicide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| at lease 2 episodes in 2 consecutive years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
serotonin dysfunction
adrenal pituitary dysfunction
cytokines |
|
|
Term
results of glucose hypometabolism in frontal lobe
(R hemisphere vs. L hemisphere) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mood disorder treatment goals |
|
Definition
reduce signs and symptoms
improve occupation and psychosocial fx.
reduce relapse
safety |
|
|
Term
| mood disorder assessment components |
|
Definition
thorough history (family, relationships, work, edu, abuse)
complete med list
mental status exam
neurovegetative symptoms (low energy, lack of sleep, appetite/wt changes) |
|
|
Term
| treatment for MDD, mania or schizophrenia that is resistant to meds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side effects and adverse effects of ECT |
|
Definition
hypo-or HTN, brady/tachycardia, minor arrhythmias
HA, nausea, muscle pain |
|
|
Term
| Vagus nerve stimulation use |
|
Definition
| small generator in chest as adjunctive tx of severe depression that is unresponsive to four or more adequate antidepressant tx |
|
|
Term
| when starting antidepressants, complete relief of symptoms may take |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antidepressants should not be _____ _____ due to uncomfortable symptoms that may result |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why do you need to assess for suicidal ideation when pts first begin taking antidepressants? |
|
Definition
| at first energy increases, but they don't feel better |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
obsessive/compulsive behavior
depression
anxiety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prozac (fluoxetine) 20mg daily
Paxil (sertraline) 20-50mg daily
Zoloft (paroxetine) 50-100mgbid
Celexa (citalopram) 20mg daily
Lexapro (escitalopram) 10mg daily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
low anticholinergic and sedative effects
anxiety, nervousness, HA
insomnia, drowsiness, fatigue
tremor, diaphoresis, dizziness, nausea
diarrhea, rash, hives |
|
|
Term
| other drugs that cause Serotonin syndrome |
|
Definition
l-tryptophan
lithium
cocaine, ecstasy, antimigraine preps
antiemetics
cough suppresants
amphetamines |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of serotonin syndrome |
|
Definition
myoclonus, diaphoresis, restlessness
diminished consciousness, elevated mood, rigidity
coma, seizures, high fever |
|
|
Term
| prevention of serotonin syndrome |
|
Definition
| 2-4 weeks between MAOIs and SSRIs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
DC drug, IV fluids, seizure precautions
cooling blanket
dantrolene sodium (decreases temp by relaxing muscles)
benzos |
|
|
Term
| TCAs act on a variety of ________ systems, including ______ and ________ reuptake systems |
|
Definition
| neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, serotonin |
|
|
Term
| two disadvantages to using TCAs |
|
Definition
more serious side effects
higher lethal potential (10-30x nl dose) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
amitriptyline (Elavil)
imipramine (Tofranil) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blocks reuptake of NE and/or 5HT by the axon correcting the deficit of NE and 5HT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
amoxapine (Asendin)
nortriptyline (Pamelor)
desipramine (Norpramin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
imipramine (Tofranil)
doxepin (Sinequan)
maprotiline (Ludiomil) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
amitryptilene (Elavil)
clomipramine (Anafranil) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anticholinergic effects
sedation, orthostatic HoTN
dizziness, wt gain, sexual SEs
tremors, N/V/D |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
phenelzine (Nardil)
tranylcypromine (Parnate)
blocks monoamine oxidase from inactivating NE, DA, 5HT and results in increased brain amine levels at synapse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
less effective than TCAs
hypertensive crisis too dangerous
numerous interactions
*used when unresponsive to other meds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anticholinergic effects
NE blocked =hypertensive crisis
-severe HA, stiff neck, N/V, fever |
|
|
Term
| when on MAOIs, you must avoid what? |
|
Definition
tyramine: OTC cold and wt reduction meds, aged cheeses, red wine, sherry, draft beer, pepperoni, salami, pickled herring, sauerkraut
Moderation: chocolate, raisins, yogurt, avocado, aspartame, cottage and cream cheeses |
|
|
Term
| serotonin antagonist reuptake inhibitor (SARI): name and action |
|
Definition
| trazodone (Desyrel) selectively blocks reuptake of serotonin |
|
|
Term
| Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) |
|
Definition
venlafaxine (Effexor)
duloxetine (Cymbalta)
nefazodone (Serzone)
disipramine (Norpramin)
low dose inhibits serotonin uptake, mod-high dose inhibits norepinephrine, higher doses DA uptake is added |
|
|
Term
| NDRI: norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor |
|
Definition
bupropion (Wellburtin, Zyban)
*smoking cessation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mirtazapine (Remeron)-antagonizes serotonin receptors
maprotoline hydrochloride-blocks NE reuptake |
|
|
Term
| most commonly used mood stabilizers |
|
Definition
antimania drugs
anticonvulsants |
|
|
Term
| lithium carbonate: definition, use, onset |
|
Definition
naturally occurring e-lyte
1st line for slow-cycle bipolar, will need entire life
5-7 days, may be 2 weeks or longer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tremors, twitches, metallic taste, GI and GU distress, fatigue, lethargy, wt gain
watch for kidney damage and hypothyroidism q6mos |
|
|
Term
| serum lithium levels (therapeutic and toxic) |
|
Definition
monitor weekly till stable
therapeutic .5-1.5mEq
toxic 1.5-4.0 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
report flu-like symptoms, any illness that causes fluid/e-lyte loss
do not take dose if more than 2 hours late |
|
|
Term
| valproic acid (Depakote): use, SE |
|
Definition
anticonvulsant used as mood stabilizer
GI distress, change in appetite, tremor, sedation, wt gain, hair loss increased risk of bleeding |
|
|
Term
| carbamazepine (Tegretol): use, SE |
|
Definition
effective in pts with no response to lithium or pts with secondary mania
dizziness, confusion, drowsiness, GI distressed, vision problems, photosensitivity, hepatotoxicity, agranulocytosis or aplastic anemia-monitor WBCs
DC gradually |
|
|
Term
| memory trick for therapeutic drug levels (mood stabilizers) |
|
Definition
Lithium 0.8
Tegretol 8.0
Depakote 80
D |
|
|
Term
| lamotrigine (Lamictal): use, SE |
|
Definition
rapid cycling and depressed phase of bipolar
skin rash, sedation, vision problems, dizziness, N/V
DC immediately if rash is noted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
need attention to depression b/c is more prevalant than mania, BUT antidepressants sometimes worsen illness.
Use mood stabilizers |
|
|
Term
| What condition is easily confused with mania? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| def and diagnosis of manic episode |
|
Definition
manic episode: persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood for a duration of at least 1 week PLUS
three of:
inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
decreased need for sleep
more talkative/pressured speech
flight of ideas or racing thoughts
distractibility
increase in goal-directed behavior or psychomotor agitation
excessive pleasurable activities that have high potential for consequences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
combination of major depression and full manic episode (large swings)
or
mixed episodes (small switches)--at least 1 week |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| combination of major depression and hypomania (less severe form)--at least 4 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presence for at least 2 years hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms that aren't a major depressive episode |
|
|
Term
| in children with bipolar, what usually presents first? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the hallmark of childhood bipolar disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| symptoms of bipolar in children younger than 9 exhibit more what? |
|
Definition
| irritability and emotional lability |
|
|
Term
| Older children with bipolar present with more what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do elderly exhibit bipolar? |
|
Definition
| confusion and disorientation |
|
|
Term
| late onset bipolar is more likely r/t... |
|
Definition
| secondary mania from illness, tx, or substance abuse |
|
|
Term
| gender differences in bipolar |
|
Definition
males more manic
females more depression and rapid cycling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
subthreshold stimulation of a neuron generates an action potential, over time episode cycles are shorter and shorter
*good reason for using anticonvulsants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
changes in sleep/eating/sexual habits
thyroid fx
drug list
MSE
stress and coping
risk assessment
cultural views of mental illness |
|
|
Term
| bipolar nsg interventions |
|
Definition
physical care
mood stabilizers + antidepressants
being in a tx relationship to have someone to recognize signs
ECT
cognitive behavior techniques
adjunctive therapy
safety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sleep 6-8h/night
stabilization on meds
nutrition/hydration
coping
no self harm
nl sensory perception
relapse prevention
family understanding and support |
|
|
Term
| psychoanalysis definition |
|
Definition
| study of unconscious , directs pts to talk freely about problems under hypnosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
source of instinctual drives
life instincts/constructive drives (sexual)
death instincts/destructive (aggression)
operates on pleasure, disregard for others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
use of reason and intellect to meet id demands
operates on reality
weighs actions and consequences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
right and wrong
morals
evaluates and judges behavior |
|
|
Term
| elements of psychoanalytic |
|
Definition
object relations/attachment to caregiver
neurosis
transference
countertransference |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| work through conflicts to a healthier resolution and mature adult fx (long term process) |
|
|
Term
| Karen Horney: feminine psychology |
|
Definition
rejected trad belief that women have penis envy
rather women are disadvantaged b/c of authoritarian culture |
|
|
Term
| Melanie Klein developed... |
|
Definition
play therapy techniques
-child patterns self after another person |
|
|
Term
Henry Stack Sullivan:what was his focus?
who did he influence? |
|
Definition
interpersonal relations, instincts and drives are less important
Influenced Peplau and psychiatric nsg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Self-actualization
esteem
love and belonging
safety and security
physiologic and survival |
|
|
Term
| how do psychodynamic theories apply to nsg? |
|
Definition
therapeutic interpersonal relationship is a core of MH nsg.
Understand: defense mechanisms, (counter)transference, internal objects, Maslow's hierarchy |
|
|
Term
| Carol Gilligan and Jean Baker Miller's dev theory |
|
Definition
| girls development is more related to attachment within relationships than boys |
|
|
Term
| Developmental theories and nsg |
|
Definition
| girls may not follow a developmental path, and therefore models may not apply |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| degree to which values of formal org and primary group members differ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| develop, deliver and evaluate services within the framework of formal and informal support systems |
|
|
Term
| in nsg, use role concepts to understand... |
|
Definition
group interaction
role of pt in family and community |
|
|
Term
| milieu therapy approaches are based on what? |
|
Definition
| pts assumption of a role within the psychiatric environment |
|
|
Term
| Leininger's Sunrise Theory is based on what? |
|
Definition
transcultural health care
care that is culturally based |
|
|
Term
| Hildegarde Peplau's theory |
|
Definition
The power of empathy
emphasizes social/interpersonal experiences
abnl behavior best understood by analyzing relationship with others |
|
|
Term
| examples of milieu therapy |
|
Definition
adventure based counseling
social learning program
CBT program |
|
|
Term
| components of social learning |
|
Definition
containment (decrease triggers)
support (prompts and cues)
structure (scheduling)
involvement
validation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| maximize the pt's positive interactions with the environment, promote wellness and enhance self-actualization |
|
|
Term
| domains of psychiatric care |
|
Definition
direct care: counseling, intervention, group work, teaching, meds
communication: care plans, documentation, meetings
management: committees, delegation, mentorship, evaluation, QI |
|
|
Term
| standards of professional practice |
|
Definition
quality of care
performance appraisal
education
collegiality
ethics
collaboration
research
resource use |
|
|
Term
| examples of basic practice |
|
Definition
RN, case manager, nurse managers
RN-PMH |
|
|
Term
| tools of psych nursing practice |
|
Definition
self
clinical reasoning and reflection
care plans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
autonomy
beneficence
justice
nonmaleficence
paternalism-make decisions for the good of pt
veracity-tell the truth
fidelity-keep promises |
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Term
| which two orgs improve MH nsg and delivery of services? |
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Definition
American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA)
Intl Society of Psych-MH Nurses (ISPN) |
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Term
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Definition
RN
Marriage and family therapy
social work
psychology
psychiatry |
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Term
| challenges of psychiatric nsg |
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Definition
knowledge development, dissemination, application
stigma
access to care/expense
impact of technology |
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Term
| EBP is the conscientious use and integration of: |
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Definition
best research evidence
clinical expertise
patient values in making decisions about care |
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Term
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Definition
define question
collect evidence
appraise evidence
integrate conclusion into practice
evaluate |
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Term
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Definition
1. Meta-analysis of RCTs
2. Randomized controlled trials
3. non-random controlled trials
4. Cohort, Case controlled, other quasi-exp. study
5. Descriptive studies
6. Expert opinion based on clinical experience |
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Term
| 4 Categories of outcome indicators in evaluation |
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Definition
clinical
functional
satisfaction
financial |
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Term
| Which historical figure was wrongly diagnosed with bipolar when he probably had porphyria? |
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Definition
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Term
| What famous inventor struggled with depression after an head injury? He also had many complications from meds. |
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Definition
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Term
| What famous author committed suicide at age 59 after being plagued with mental breakdowns and hallucinations of voices? (possible bipolar diagnosis) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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