Term
| What is the most important Indolamine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What group of NT does MOA-A break down? |
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Definition
| Indolamines - Specifically the 5-HT to 5-Hydroxytryptophan |
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Term
| Excitatory NT's Depend on: |
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Definition
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Term
| Inhibitory NT's depend on: |
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Definition
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Term
| Muscarinic Receptors raise or lower what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the mechanism for Organophosphates? |
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Definition
| They prevent the breakdown of Acetylcholine by inhibiting Acetylcholinesterase |
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Term
| What is the mechanism for Organophosphates? |
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Definition
| They prevent the breakdown of Acetylcholine by inhibiting Acetylcholinesterase |
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Term
| How are the Indolamines distinguishable? |
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Definition
| They have a pentene ring attached to a benzene ring |
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Term
| How are Catecholamines synthesized? |
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Definition
| L-Tyrosine ---> L-Dopa ---> Dopamine ---> Norepinephrine ---> Epinephrine |
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Term
| What is a Decarboxylase ALWAYS coupled with? |
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Definition
| CO2 and most importantly B6 |
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Term
| How is Dopamine taken back into the the presynapse? |
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Definition
| Sodium Uptake/Cotransport |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Breaks down dopmaine by removing the Amino group |
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Term
| What is a marker for Pheochromocytoma? |
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Definition
| Vanillymandelic Acid - which is the breakdown product of MOA acting on Epinephrine |
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Term
| An antidepressant that can be used is....? |
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Definition
| MOA Inhbiitors since they prevent reuptake, thus allowing the dopamine to stay in the synaptic cleft for a longer period of time. |
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Term
| You have an accumulation of Dopamine in the presynaptic cleft, what is the cause, and what type of drug must this person be taking |
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Definition
| the drug is an anti-depressant and is either a MOA-A or a SSRI as these two drugs prevent the breakdown or deammination of the Seretonin and Melatonin |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of Parkinsons and how is it treated? |
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Definition
| Parkinsons is the breakdown of Dopamine receptors on the post synaptic cell. To treat, we use L-Dopa because it can cross the blood brain barrier and also carbidopa which blocks amino breakdown and allows L-Dopa to accumulate |
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Term
| Method of action of Cocaine or Methylphenadite |
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Definition
| They block the reuptake of dopamine, 5-ht (seretonin) and Norepinephrine |
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Term
| Name two Excitatory Amino Acid NT's |
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Definition
| Glutamate and Aspartate (both acidic) |
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Term
| Name one Inhibitory NT and where it works |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the only method of inactivation for Amino Acids as Neurotransmitters? |
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Definition
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Term
| Synthesis of Indolamines: |
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Definition
| L-Tryptophan --> 5-Hydroxytryptophan --> 5-Hydroxytryptamine (seretonin) --> Melatonin |
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Term
| How do you inactivate 5-HT? |
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Definition
| High Affinity reuptake into the nerve |
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Term
| Breakdown of 5-HT happens how? |
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Definition
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Term
| You have a patient with a high level of Vanillymandelic Acid in the Urine...what was broken down and what could this patient have? |
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Definition
| Norepinephrine/Epinephrine was broken down, this is a marker for a pheochromocytoma |
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Term
| 5-Hydroxytryptamine Breaks down into what? What could this be used as a marker for? |
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Definition
| Seretonin is broken down by MOA-A into 5Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid....can be a marker for a carcinoid in the gut. |
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Term
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Definition
| They stimulate the GABA-A receptor |
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Term
| When would you give a patient a Barbituate or a Benzodiazopene? |
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Definition
| For relaxant or when they are having a seizure |
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Term
| What are the two GABA classes of drugs?? |
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Definition
| Barbituates or Benzodiazopenes |
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Term
| What is the method of action of GABA? |
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Definition
| It's inhibitory, so it either allows flood of Cl- into the cell, or K+ out of the cell |
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Term
| What do tricyclic antidepressants do? |
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Definition
| They inhibit the uptake of 5-HT or Norepinephrine |
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Term
| How are the actions of catecholamines terminated? |
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Definition
| They are taken back up into the cell by Na uptake. |
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Term
| you want to inhibit GABA. How would you do this? |
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Definition
| If you inhibit the step right before, Glutamate Decarboxylase, GABA can't be made. |
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Term
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Definition
| The decarboxylation of glutamate. |
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Term
| How would you inactivate 5-HT? |
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Definition
| It is taken back into the presyn. by high affinity Na, and then MOA-A breaks it down. |
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