Term
How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do human cells have? How many autosomes? sex chromosomes? |
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Definition
23 pairs 22 autosomes 1 pair of sex chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
diagrams of genetic/chromosomal structure, used to detect abnormalities |
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Term
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Definition
| cell division that cuts the number of chromosomes of a cell in half; produces gametes |
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Term
| What are the products of Meiosis? |
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Definition
4 haploid gametes are created from 1 diploid cell through a process of 2 nuclear divisions |
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Term
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Definition
| seperates homologous chromosomes, cutting the number in half |
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Term
| Crossing over; what is it and when does it occur? |
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Definition
exchange of genetic material between homologues during prophase 1 produces genetic recombination |
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Term
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Definition
chromosomes condense, nuclear membrane disapears, centrosomes move (same as mitosis!) synapsis occurs; joining the homologous chromsomes producing tetrads two chrom. can exchange fragments through crossing over |
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Term
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Definition
| joining of homologous chromsomes |
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Term
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Definition
areas that remain attached after crossing over occurs hold together until late anaphase |
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Term
How does the kinetochore formed in meiosis differ from that of mitosis? |
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Definition
| forms on each chromosome opposed to each chromatid |
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Term
| What is the funtion of the spindle in meiosis? |
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Definition
| attaches to the chromosomes, assisting with the movement to the center |
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Term
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Definition
homologous chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate |
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Definition
| the random arrangement of chromosome pairs |
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Definition
| homologous chromsomes seperate |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosomes move to oppisite ends of the cell and cytokinesis begins |
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Term
| What makes Meiosis II different from I? |
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Definition
the chromosomes do not replicate before dividing at centromeres, the identical chromatids seperate |
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Term
What seperates meiosis from mitosis? |
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Definition
chiasmata/tetrad product: meiosis=4 haploid daughter cells with new assortment of parental chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
Crossing over and Indpendent Assortment Crossing Over: genes assorted (some from each parent) Ind. Assortment:chromosome randomly selected for gamete formation |
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