Term
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Definition
| the passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring. |
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Term
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Definition
| male and female sex cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of the male gamete uniting with the female gamete. |
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Definition
| the fertilized cell of a male and female gamete. |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| a cell with two of each kind of chromosome. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cell containing one of each kind of chromosome. |
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Term
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Definition
| Are the two chromosomes of each pair in a diploid cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| The division of cells that produce gametes containing half the number of chromosomes as their parents. |
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Term
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Definition
| the pattern of reproduction, involving the production and subsequent fusion of haploid sex cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| the breaking and exchanging of genetic materials. Crossing over can occur at any location on a chromosome, and several locations at the same time. |
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Term
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Definition
| the centromere of each chromosome becomes attached to a spindle fiber. |
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Term
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Definition
| Homologous chromosomes each with its two chromatids, separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| The spindle is broken down the chromosomes uncoil, and the cytoplasm divides to yield two new cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate property during meiosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| cell structures that carry the genetic material that is copied and passed from generation to generation. |
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Term
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Definition
| cell growth phase where a cell increases in size, carries on metabolism, and duplicates chromosomes prior to division |
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Term
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Definition
| a chart of metaphase chromosome pairs arranged accouding to length and location of the centromere; used to pinpoint unusual chromosome numbers in cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the end process of the reassortment or crossing over among organisms during meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| period of nuclear cell division in which two daughter cells are formed, each containing a complete set of chromosomes. |
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Term
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Definition
| in humans, the 23rd pair of chromosomes determine the sex of an individual and carry sex-linked characteristics |
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Term
| How is the sex determined in animals |
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Definition
| a female will have an XX chromosome and a male will have an XY chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| To allow cell growth, the repair, and reproduction of a cell. The end cell is a duplicate to the beginning cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| to reduce genetic material for gamete reproduction, end cell divides into 4 daughter cell. half from female half from male |
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Term
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Definition
within the body on cellular level
wherever repair, growth, or reproduction of that specific area is needed (liver, kidneys, brain, heart, etc. |
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Term
| Where does meiosis occur? |
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Definition
| within the somatic cells of humans |
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Term
| How many division does Mitosis take? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the phases of mitosis |
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Definition
| prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase |
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Term
| what are the phases of mitosis |
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Definition
| prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase |
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Term
| end number of cells through mitosis |
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Definition
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Term
| genetic similarity of new cells through mitosis |
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Definition
| they are very alike or exact replicas |
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Term
| what is the end number of chromosomes |
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Definition
| the same number before it began |
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Term
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Definition
| within somatic cell of humans |
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Term
| How many division are in meiosis |
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Definition
| (2) Meiosis I and Meiosis II |
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Term
| End number of cells in meiosis |
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Definition
4 daughter cells ALL HAPLOID
1 set of chromoomes (sex cells) |
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Term
| genetic similarity of new cells after meiosis |
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Definition
| the new cell has 1/2 of the mother chromosomes and l/2 the father chromosomes THEY ARE DIFFERENT |
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Term
| The end number of chromosomes after meiosis |
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Definition
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Term
| how many number of DNA replications are in meiosis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Also known as Amniotic Fluid Test it is a test during pregnancy that detects chromosomal abnormalties in the growing fetus. |
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Term
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Definition
| is any biological cell forming the body of an organism that is not a gamete. |
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Term
| What do the terms N and 2N mean for mitosis |
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Definition
| 2N before and after mitosis DIPLOID |
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Term
| What do the terms N and 2N mean in meiosis |
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Definition
| cells before meiosis are 2N but turn to N after meiosis and are HAPLOID |
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Term
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Definition
| The DNA of the chromosome coils up and a spindle forms. |
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Term
| Syndromes caused by non-disjunction |
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Definition
Down Syndrome the child has 47 chromosomes instead of 46.
Turner Syndrome the child has only 1 X chromosome instead of 2. |
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Term
| What is the biological benefit of reproduction. |
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Definition
| The reassortment of chromosomes and the genetic information they carry is a major source of variation and keeps them healthy and unique. |
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