Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Medieval Castles, Housing, and the City
N/A
12
Architecture
Undergraduate 1
03/13/2011

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Medieval Longhouse, Bremerhaven, Germany

  • used earth, wood, thatch
  • most simple type of housing
  • combined house and barn, peasant house
  • rectangular plan
  • two doorways across from each other, increased ventilation
  • body heat of animals warmed house
  • no chimney, but smoke filters out through thatch and gabel ends
  • common in rural areas
Term
[image]
Definition

Medieval Manor House

  • wealthier than peasant, no animals inside
  • located in towns, more compact
  • wood, thatch roofs, combustable, fire spread easily, so built with hef timber which burns slower
  • buttery for cold food and pantry for dried, sectioned off parts of house
  • solar- private space, upstairs with private stairs
  • hall- entertaining area
Term
[image]
Definition

Medieval House, Cluny, 12th Century

  • shop and kitchen on ground level, seperated by courtyard, kitchen contained to prevent fire
  • house on upper level
  • in city, made of brick/stone

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Tower Houses,S. Gimignano, 13th-14th centuries

  • like medival houses
  • in Italy, their take on the house
  • towers added to dry long lengths of fabric in the dark
Term
[image]
Definition

Motte-and-Bailey Castle, Castle Acre, Norfolk, 12th Century

  • castles were homes of nobility, constructed with defense in mind, administrative centers, the earliest were wooden
  • mound and yard
  • built on mound for visibility, ditch dug around base
  • bailey for more temporary members, servants and workers
  • town accompanying
Term
[image]
Definition

Tower of London, London, 1078-80

  • after the Norman invasion castle construction increased
  • built by Will the Conquerer
  • white tower
  • 3 story, masonry
  • basically rectangular
  • semicircular extrusion, reflects aspe of chapel on the 3rd floor
  • idea of fortification, wall, tower, and double boundary
Term
[image]
Definition

Caernarvon Castle, Wales, 1283-1327

  • the crusadeshelped influence the design, under attack and in need of impenatrable walls
  • inspired by Constantanople
  • King Edward 1 had built to ubdue Wales, 1 0f 10 castles, built by master James of St. George
  • double wall
  • fortification of town
  • built on mound
  • main entry "King's Gate" - entry to town fortified
  • moat - another barrier
  • Edward 1's son born here, Prince of Wales
Term
[image]
Definition

Carcassonne, Southern France, 800-1300

  • cities rely on fortification
  • solid walls w/ gate, made easier to tax merchants
  • best built forts had towers as a platform to defend
  • Louis IX gained control in 1248, the 1st stage of winning S. France
  • old city w/ double walls and a path that leads to Bastide (new town)
Term
[image]
Definition

Bastide Towns, Southern France, 1220-1375

(Revel, Mirande, Villefranche-de-Rouergue, Monpazier)

  • Bastides' encouraged trade w/o overpowering the old town
  • grid plan, church not as center, instead marketplace in center
  • Bastides were new trends with economic motive, planned market squares
  • arcade spaces surrounding market square
  • plain, charming architecture
  • Monpazier is best known Bastide
  • King of England and King of France both had claims in France and were both building Bastides
Term
[image]
Definition

Krakow, Poland, 1257

  • historic capital of Poland
  • German influence
  • trade main goal
  • founder of town gets sales tax
  • older castle first established, area to North was built around the 600ft market square
  • 2 churches
  • cloth hall- main export
Term
[image]
Definition

Siena, Italy, 1298

 

Term
[image]
Definition
Venice, 14th century
Supporting users have an ad free experience!