Term
Allopurinol
(Zyloprim)
100 mg/PO/daily |
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Definition
C T-antigout agents,antihyperurecemics
P-xanthine oxidase inhibitors
A Lower serum uric acid
I Prev of goty arthritis & nephropathy
hypo-hyper tension/ bradycardia/ heart failure/hepatitis/renal failure/ rash/bone marrow depression
monitor I&O/push fluids/assess for rash/monitor for joint pain & swelling, uric acid levels, blood glucose, hemat-ologic, renal, and liver function b4 & during |
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Term
Alprazolam
(Xanax)
0.5 mg/PO/3xdaily |
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Definition
C T-antianxiety agents
P-benzodiazepines
A Relief of anxiety
I Treatment of anxiety disorders
dizziness/drowsiness/lethargy/ blurred vision/depression/weight gain/ N/V/rashes/dependency/tolerance
assess anxiety level b4 & during/ assess for drowsiness/dizziness |
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Term
Amlodipine
(Norvasc)
10 mg/PO/daily |
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Definition
C T-antihypertensive
P-calcium channel blocker
A systemic broncho, decrease in BP, coronary vasodilation decreasing freq of angina attacks
I mgmt of HTN, angina pectoris, and vasospastic (Prinzmetal’s)angina
CNS headache,dizzy,fatigue CV periph edema, angina, bradycardia, hypo-tension, palpitations GI gingival hyper-plasia, nausea Derm flushing
monitor BP & pulse b4, durin dose titration, and periodic, monitor ECG periodic during prolonged therapy, monitor I&O, daily weight, assess for signs of CHF (peripheral edema, rales/crackles, dyspnea, weight gain, jugular venous distention)
Did not seem to be working/BP was 158/85 at 0830, meds given at 0845, BP was 165/84 at 1130 |
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Term
Aspirin
(Bayer)
81 mg/PO/daily |
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Definition
C T-antiplatelet,antipyretic
P-salicylates
A Decr platelet agg
I Prophylaxis of transient ischemic attacks and MI
GI bleeding/exfoliative dermatitis/ stevens-johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis/anaphylaxis/ laryngeal edema
Assess for hypersensitivity reactions/assess pain and limitation of movement before and at peak, fever/mon. hepatic function,serum salicylate levels, signs of toxicity
Unable to determine client’s platelet aggregation/client has had no further TIA’s |
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Term
Atorvastatin
(Lipitor)
10 mg/PO/nightly |
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Definition
C T-lipid lowering agent
P-HMG-CoA reductose inhibitor
A lower total & LDL cholesterol,tri's,
slow progress of coronary atherosclero.
I prevent. of cardio-vascular disease/ client has mult. risk factors for CHD
chest pain/dizziness/bronchitis/ drug induced hepatitis/pancreatitus/ rhadomyolysis
obtain dietary history, esp. with regard to fat consump/eval serum chol.
and tri's/mon.AST levels, alkaline phosphate, and bilirubin/If patient develops muscle tenderness, monitor C&K levels decrease in LDL, tot chol & tri's/increase in HDL/slowing of coronary artery disease |
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Term
Benazepril
(Lotensin)
20 mg/PO/Q12 |
|
Definition
C T-antihypertensives
P-ACE inhibitors
A systemic vasodilate, lowering of BP, decrease risk of MI, stroke, diabet. nephropathy
I mgmt of hyper- tension & CHF
Agranulocytosis/angioedema/renal failure/hyperkalemia/anorexia/ tachycardia/vertigo/hyperuricemia
Monitor weight, BUN, creatinine, electrolytes, liver function, CBC, BP, pulse, frequency of refills
Notate BP |
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Term
Carvedilol
(Coreg)
6.25 mg/PO/bid |
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Definition
C T-antihypertensive
P-beta blocker
A decrease HR, BP, improve cardiac output,slow prog of CHF
I HTN, CHF, left ventricular dysfunction
bradycardia/CHF/pulmonary edema/ anaphylaxis/angio-edema/hyper-hypo glycemia/SJ synd/toxic epidermal necrolyses
Monitor BP & pulse/monitor I&O's/ assess for orthostatic hypotension or fluid overload/mon. for increased BUN, lipoprotein, K, tri's, uric acid, ANA titers, and blood glucose levels
Notate BP, pulse, I&O's, and any labs |
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Term
Ceftazidime MP bag
(Fortaz, Taxidime)
500 mg/IM,IV/Q8H |
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Definition
C T-anti-infectives
P-3rd Gen cephalosporin
A bactericidal
I meningitis, bone & joint dis/intra-abdo inf/septicemia/febrile neutropenia
pseudomembranous colitis/seizures/ N/V/diarrhea/rash/SJ syn/ anaphylaxis/ serum sickness/pain/phlebitis at IV
assess for infection, vitals, allergic reaction b4/obtain specimen & cult b4/observe for anaphylaxis/mon. bowel function/mon. PT and assess for bleeding
lab results and observations |
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Term
Clonidine
(Catapres)
0.1 mg/PO/QAM |
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Definition
C T-antihypertensives
P-adrenergics
A decreased BP & pain
I Mgmt of mild to mod HTN
nightmares/weight gain/bradycardia/ hypotension/vomit/palpitations/nausea/ erectile dysfunction/sodium retention/ withdrawal phenom
Monitor I&O, edema, weight, BP and pulse/monitor for signs of opioid withdrawal and pain at onset and throughout
Client’s BP was 172/74 /still hypertension stage |
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Term
Clopidogrel bisulfate
(Plavix)
75mg/PO/daily |
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Definition
C T-antiplatelet agent
P-platelet agg. inhibitor
A inhibits platelet agg/irreversibly binding ATP to platelet receptors
I reduction of atherosclerotic events
Depression/epistaxis/dyspnea/chest pain/hypertension/GI bleeding/ thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Assess patient for symptoms of stroke, MI, PAD, periodically during therapy/Monitor for signs of thrombotic thrombocytic purpura, bleeding time, CBC w/differential and platelet count serum bilirubin, hepatic enzymes, tot chol, NPN, uric acid periodically
No PT results available during shift/client displayed no adverse signs of meds |
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Term
Diazepam
(Valium)
2-10 mg/PO,IV,IM/2-4xdaily |
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Definition
C T-antianxiety,anticonvulsant,sedative
/hypnotic,muscle relaxant
P-benzodiazepines
A relief of anx,sedation,muscle relax., decr. seizures
I anxiety disorders, sedation, seizures
dizziness/drowsiness/lethargy/ven.
thrombosis/phlebitis/pain/N/V/rash/ dependency/blurred vision/depression/ slurred speech/resp depression
Monitor BP, pulse, and resp prior & during/assess IV site/assess for reduct
of symptoms assoc with why given/assess for signs of dependency
vitals and observations |
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Term
Enoxaparin sodium
(Lovenox)
120 mg/SQ/bid |
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Definition
C T-anticoagulants
P-antithrombotics
A Prevention of thrombus
I Prevention of venous thrombo embolism; DVT or pulmonary emb
Bleeding/anemia/ dizziness/headache
insomnia/edema/constipation/nausea/ reversible rise in liver enzymes
Assess for bleeding and hemorrhage/ assess for evidence of thrombosis/ monitor for hypersensitivity reactions
Unable to determine clients coag
rate/free from thrombus |
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Term
Haloperidol
(Haldol)
0.5-5mg/PO/daily |
|
Definition
C T-antipsychotics
P-butyrophenones
A dim signs & symp of psychosis
I psychotic disorders (2nd line trmnt)
seizures/EPS reactions/tardive dyskinesia/resp depression/hypotension/ tachycardia/agranulocytosis/neuroleptic malig synd/hyperpyrexia
assess mental status b4 & during/ monitor BP for orthostatic b4 & during/ monitor I&O's/assess for dehydration/ assess fluid intake & bowel function/ mon. for signs of EPS & tardive
BP, I&O's, observations |
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Term
Heparin Flush
(Heparin)
10,000 units/IV/Q4-6H |
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Definition
C T-anticoagulants
P-antithrombotics
A prevention of thrombus
I prophylaxis & trmnt of various thrombo-embolic disorders
bleeding/drug-induced hepatitis/ anemia/thrombo-cytopenia/fever/pain/rash
assess for signs of bleeding and hemorrhage/assess for addition or increased thrombosis/mon aPTT, platelet count,K,AST,ALT
Antidote: Protamine sulfate
lab results and observations |
|
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Term
Hydrocodone-acetaminophen tab
(Norco)
5/325 /PO/Q3-6H |
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Definition
C T-allergy,cold,cough,opiod analgesic
P-opioid agonist/non-opioid analgesic combo
A decr pain, sup cough I as combo for pain or decongestant
Confusion/dizziness/sedation/hypo-tension/dyspepsia/dependency/N/V/ constipation/sweating
Assess BP, pulse, resp b4 & during/ assess bowel function/assess pain, cough, & lung sounds/monitor amylase & lipase levels and for toxicity
BP, pulse, assess findings & labs |
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Term
Hydrocodone-chlorpheniramine
(Lortab)
5 ml/PO/Q12HP/PRN |
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Definition
C T-opioid analgesic
P-opioid agonist
A decrease in severity of moderate pain
I in combo w/acetaminophen for the mgmt of mod to severe pain
Confusion/dizziness/sedation/hypo-tension/dyspepsia/dependency/nausea/
vomiting/constipation/sweating
Assess BP, pulse, respiration, cough and lung sounds during therapy
Pain med did not seem to decrease pain/pain ranked at 5 at 0830 and 7 at 1130 |
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Term
Hydromorphone
(Dilaudid)
2mg/IV/Q2HR PRN |
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Definition
C P-Opioid analgesic agonist
A Interacts with opioid receptors at the spinal cord level to depress pain impulse trans.
I Narcotic analgesic
Sedation/confusion/hypotension/ bradycardia/constipation/nausea/ diaphoresis/respiratory depression
Assess pain control, monitor vital signs, monitor for CNS and allergic reactions
decreased or absent pain |
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Term
Insulin Detemir
(Levemir) |
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Definition
|
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Term
Insulin aspart
(Novolog)
OPMC sliding scale/SQ/b4 meals & b4 bed |
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Definition
C T-antidiabetics,hormones
P-pancreatics
A lower blood gluc I Cont hyperglycemia in patients w/ diabetes mellitus
hypoglycemia/erythema/lipodystrophy/ anaphylaxis/assess for symptoms of hypo-glycemia and hyperglycemia/monitor electrolytes/monitor blood glucose Q6H |
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Term
Insulin glargine
(Lantus) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Isosorbide mononitrate
(Imdur) |
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Definition
|
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Term
Levofloxacin IV
(Levaquin)
750 mg/IV/Q48H |
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Definition
C T-anti-infectives
P-fleuroquinolones
A death of susc. bact., broad spectrum
I trmt of infection-urinary, gonorrhea, gyno, resp., skin, bone, joint, abdo., anthrax
CNS seizure/dizzy/headache/insomnia CV arrhythmias GI hepatotoxicity/pseudo-membranous colitits/diarrhea/nausea MISC anaphylaxis/SJ synd
assess for infection/culture & sens. B4/observe for anaphylaxis/mon.
bowels for colitis/liver/glucose/WBC/ RBC/Na/hemo/PT time
patient reports feeling better/easier to breath/not in as much pain/no results of PT avail/glucose 103 |
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Term
Lisinopril
(Zestril, Prinivil)
20 mg/PO/Q12 |
|
Definition
C T-antihypertensives
P-ACE inhibitors
A systemic vasodilate, lowering of BP, decrease risk of MI, stroke, diabet. nephropathy
I mgmt of hyper- tension & CHF/ agranulocytosis/angioedema/renal failure/hyperkalemia/anorexia/ tachycardia/vertigo/hyperuricemia
Monitor weight, BUN, creatinine, electrolytes, liver function, CBC, BP, pulse, frequency of refills
Notate BP |
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Term
Lorazepan
(Ativan)
2 mg/IV/Q6HP |
|
Definition
C T-anesthetic adjunct,antianxiety,sed/
hypnotic
P-benzodiazepines
A sedation,dec anx, decreased seizures/ dizziness/drowsiness/lethargy/ataxia/ blurred vision/resp depression/apnea/ cardiac arrest/brady-cardia/n/v/dependen
Assess need, CNS function, anxiety, dependency, frequ and char of seizures, renal, hepatic and hematologic function
observations & lab results |
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Term
Metoprolol
(Lopressor)
100 mg/PO/daily |
|
Definition
C T-antianginals,anti-HTN
P-beta blockers
A decreased BP, heart rate, freq of angina pectoris attacks
I hypertension/angina pectoris/prev. of
MI/sys heart failure
Bradycardia/CHF/pulmonary edema/ hypotension/periph vasoconstriction/ bronchospasm/depression/drug-induced hepatitis/hypo or hyperglycemia
Monitor BP, ECG, and pulse frequ./ frequency of script refills to determine compliance/vital signs and ECG every 5–15 min during and for several hours after parenteral admin./ If HR <40 bpm/especially if cardiac output is also decreased, admin atropine 0.25–0.5 mg IV/I&O’s, weight, assess routinely for signs and symptoms of CHF/assess frequency and charac. of
anginal attacks periodically/may cause ↑ BUN, serum lipoprotein, potassium, triglyceride, uric acid levels, blood glucose, ↑ serum alkaline phosphatase, LDH, AST, and ALT levels
Client’s BP was 172/74/still HTN
stage/no angina attacks during shift |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Ondansetron inj.
(Zofran)
4 mg/IV/Q12HP |
|
Definition
C T-antiemetics
P 5-HT3 antagonists
A decr incid of n/v after chemotherapy
I prevent & tmnt of n/v postoperatively
headache/diarrhea/ constipation/ fatigue/dizziness/drowsiness/weakness/
abdo pain/elev liver enz/EPS reactions
Assess for nausea, vomiting, abdo distention, bowel sounds b4 and after/
assess for EPS effects/monitor liver enz & bilirubin
Observations & lab results |
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Term
Pantoprazole tab and inj.
(Protonix)
40 mg/PO/0630 |
|
Definition
C T-antiulcer agent
P-proton pump inhibitor
A diminished acid in gastric lumen/ lessened acid reflux/healing of duodenal ulcers and esophagitis
Headache/abdominal pain/diarrhea/ eructation/flatulence/hyperglycemia
Assess routinely for epigastric or abdominal pain and for frank or occult blood in stool, emesis, or gastric aspirate/May cause abnormal liver function tests, including ↑ AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin
Client exhibited no signs of acid reflux |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Promethazine inj.
(Phenergan) |
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Definition
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|
Term
Simvastatin
(Zocor)
20 mg/PO/daily@2100 |
|
Definition
C T-lipid lowering agents
P-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
A lowers tot, LDL chol & tri's/slightly
increase HDL/slows progress of coronary atherosclerosis I adjunctive mgmt of hyper-cholesterolemia Rhabdomyolysis/abdom.
cramps/constipation/diarrhea/flatus/ heartburn/rashes/altered taste/elev.
liver enzymes/pancreatitis/drug induced hepatitis
Obtain a dietary history with regard to fat consumption/evaluate serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels before initiating, after 4-6 weeks therapy, and periodically thereafter/monitor liver function tests before, at 12 wks and then q6mths
Unable to determine/no blood tests were performed to verify client’s levels |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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